Reference gene selection for expression studies in the reproductive axis tissues of Magang geese at different reproductive stages under light treatment.

In quantitative PCR research, appropriate reference genes are key to determining accurate mRNA expression levels. In order to screen the reference genes suitable for detecting gene expression in tissues of the reproductive axis, a total of 420 (males and females = 1:5) 3-year-old Magang geese were selected and subjected to light treatment. The hypothalamus, pituitary and testicular tissues were subsequently collected at different stages.

Enhanced hydrolysis and acidification strategy for efficient co-digestion of pretreated corn stover with chicken manure: Digestion performance and microbial community structure.

The effect of enhanced hydrolysis and acidification (EHA) strategy on co-digestion performance of pretreated corn stover (CS) with chicken manure (CM) was investigated. The EHA process was applied to the CS pretreated with KOH and liquid fraction of digestate (LFD), prior to anaerobic digestion. The results showed that the efficiencies of hydrolysis and acidification for the pretreated CS group were significantly higher than the CS group.

Multi-perspective analyses of rice straw modification by Pleurotus ostreatus and effects on biomethane production.

Multi-perspective analyses were carried out to investigate the effect of rice straw modification for 45 days by P. ostreatus on biomethane of production. The results showed that rice straw modified for 25 days achieved the highest biomethane yield of 269 mL·g VS, which was a 26.

Anaerobic co-digestion of cattle manure and liquid fraction of digestate (LFD) pretreated corn stover: Pretreatment process optimization and evolution of microbial community structure.

Liquid fraction of digestate (LFD) was used to pretreat corn stover to enhance the biomethane production of anaerobic co-digestion (AcoD) with cattle manure. The effects of LFD concentration and water content (WC) for pretreatment on co-digestion performance and microbial community structure were investigated in a batch system. Results showed that the cumulative biomethane yield (CBY) for co-digestion was improved by 16.

A novel strategy for efficient anaerobic co-digestion based on the pretreatment of corn stover with fresh vinegar residue.

A novel method was advanced for efficient anaerobic co-digestion by using fresh vinegar residue (FVR) as acidifier for pretreating corn stover (CS). FVR acted as one substrate as well as an acidifier by the acids contained in FVR. It was found that the organic acids in FVR could efficiently enhance the hydrolysis of lignocellulose in CS.

Anaerobic digestion performance and microbial community structure of corn stover in three-stage continuously stirred tank reactors.

A new three-stage anaerobic digestion (TSAD) system combining the two-stage and serial continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was developed for the high-efficiency anaerobic digestion (AD) of corn stover. At the same hydraulic retention time of 50 d and organic loading rate (OLR) of 1.8 g TS L d, TSAD achieved a 33.

Modification of corn stover for improving biodegradability and anaerobic digestion performance by Ceriporiopsis subvermispora.

Ceriporiopsis subvermispora was used to modify corn stover for improving the biodegradability and biomethane yield. Corn stover was incubated with C. subvermispora for 5-90 days then anaerobically digested.

An Insight into the Anaerobic Co-digestion of Municipal Solid Waste and Food Waste: Influence of Co-substrate Mixture Ratio and Substrate to Inoculum Ratio on Biogas Production.

The unbalanced nutrients of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly high carbon contents, were regarded as a major limiting factor to anaerobic digestion process. In this study, the addition of MSW in food waste (FW) feedstock to have a balanced C/N ratio was studied. Different co-substrate mixtures with C/N ratio of 20 to 40 were subjected to anaerobic batch experiment at lab scale, under mesophilic conditions.

Biogas production and microbial community properties during anaerobic digestion of corn stover at different temperatures.

Temperature has different effects on anaerobic digestion (AD) of various biomasses, which could bring out changes in microbial communities. The relationship between microbial community and methane production at 35 °C (R35), 38 °C (R38), 41 °C (R41), and 44 °C (R44) was analyzed during AD of corn stover (CS). The results showed that the daily biogas and methane production from R44 were 16.

Serial completely stirred tank reactors for improving biogas production and substance degradation during anaerobic digestion of corn stover.

Several completely stirred tank reactors (CSTR) connected in series for anaerobic digestion of corn stover were investigated in laboratory scale. Serial anaerobic digestion systems operated at a total HRT of 40days, and distribution of HRT are 10+30days (HRT10+30d), 20+20days (HRT20+20d), and 30+10days (HRT30+10d) were compared to a conventional one-step CSTR at the same HRT of 40d. The results showed that in HRT10+30d serial system, the process became very unstable at organic load of 50gTS·L.

Improving Biomethane Production and Mass Bioconversion of Corn Stover Anaerobic Digestion by Adding NaOH Pretreatment and Trace Elements.

This research applied sodium hydroxide (NaOH) pretreatment and trace elements to improve biomethane production when using corn stover for anaerobic digestion. Full-factor experimental tests identified the best combination of trace elements with the NaOH pretreatment, indicating that the best combination was with 1.0, 0.

[Study of production of sesquiterpenes of Aquilaria senensis stimulated by Lasiodiplodia theobromae].

To investigate the mechanism of agarwood formation in Aquilaria sinensis induced by Lasiodiplodia theobromae, the fermentation liquor of L. theobromae was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). JAs were detected in the fermentation liquor.

Simultaneous recovery of dual pathways for ammonia metabolism do not improve further detoxification of ammonia in HepG2 cells.

Background: Key enzyme deficiency in the dual-pathway of ammonia metabolism leads to low detoxification capacity of HepG2 cells. Previously, we established a HepG2/AFhGS cell line with overexpression of human glutamine synthetase (hGS) in pathway 1 and a HepG2/(hArgI+hOTC)4 cell line with overexpression of human arginase I (hArgI) and human ornithine transcarbamylase (hOTC) in pathway 2. The present study aimed to investigate whether simultaneous recovery of the two pathways contributes to the further improvement of ammonia detoxification in HepG2 cells.

Therapeutic evaluation of a microbioartificial liver with recombinant HepG2 cells for rats with hepatic failure.

Background: HepG2/(ArgI+OTC)4 (previously constructed) is a recombinant human liver cell line with a strong ability to reduce ammonia in vitro. However, its application value ex vivo has not been investigated.

Objectives: To examine the efficacy of HepG2/(ArgI+OTC)4 cells in a micro-bioartificial liver (micro-BAL) device for application ex vivo.

N-terminal and C-terminal heparin-binding domain polypeptides derived from fibronectin reduce adhesion and invasion of liver cancer cells.

Background: Fibronectin (FN) is known to be a large multifunction glycoprotein with binding sites for many substances, including N-terminal and C-terminal heparin-binding domains. We investigated the effects of highly purified rhFNHN29 and rhFNHC36 polypeptides originally cloned from the two heparin-binding domains on the adhesion and invasion of highly metastatic human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (MHCC97H) and analyzed the underlying mechanism involved.

Methods: The MHCC97H cells that adhered to FN in the presence of various concentrations of rhFNHN29 and rhFNHC36 polypeptides were stained with crystal violet and measured, and the effects of rhFNHN29 and rhFNHC36 on the invasion of the MHCC97H cells were then detected using the Matrigel invasion assay as well as a lung-metastasis mouse model.

[Removing nitrate-nitrogen from wastewater using rotten wood as carbon source].

In this research, COD release of rotten wood was studied and rotten wood was investigated as the sole carbon source as well as biofilm carrier to remove nitrate from wastewater in up-flow laboratory reactor. The experimental results indicated that rotten wood could release carbon source continuously. COD released of rotten wood inoculated with humus was 2.

[Expressions of VEGF-C and VEGF-D and their correlation with lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in gallbladder carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the expression of VEGF-C and VEGF-D and their correlations with lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in gallbladder carcinoma.

Methods: Fifty cases of gallbladder carcinoma with complete clinical and pathological data were analyzed. The expression of VEGF-C and -D, D2-40, CD31 was assayed by immunohistochemical staining, with 10 samples of normal gallbladder tissues away from cancer and 19 samples of chronic cholecystitis as controls, and their correlation with clinicopathological findings were analyzed retrospectively.

Ammonia metabolism capacity of HepG2 cells with high expression of human glutamine synthetase.

Background: Currently, one of the tough problems for the application of bioartificial liver (BAL) is the shortage of suitable hepatocytes. There are reports on different types of BAL assistance developed with porcine hepatocytes and HepG2 C3A cells, but their defects are obvious. In recent years, some studies focus more on liver cells with features of human origin and improved detoxification.

[Effect of different extractants on leaching characteristics of the fly ash from municipal solid waste incinerator].

The effect of three extractants, which are HNO3/NaOH, CH3COOH/NaOH, and HNO3-H2SO4 , on leaching characteristics of the fly ash from municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI) was investigated. The results showed that: (1) different extractants had different buffering capacities for the leaching solutions of the fly ash from MSWI, which are in the order of HAC > HNO3-H2SO4 > HNO3. (2) HAC showed better dissolvability to Zn, Cd, and Cr than HNO3-H2SO4, under more acidic condition, but the leaching concentration of Pb was not affected by extractant types obviously.

[Influence of additive on characteristic of slag during the process of melting fly ash from municipal solid waste incinerator].

A kind of compound additive was studied and prepared in the paper, which associated with many functions. Using typical fly ash of Shanghai and Fuzhou, We studied the effect of the additive on evaporation rate, flowing temperature, fixed rate of heavy metals and its leaching characteristics in melting slag in the process of melting fly ash. The result showed that the flowing temperature and the evaporation rate of fly ash could be respectively reduced approximately 150 degrees C and 10% - 20% by adding 10% additive, and the fixed rate of heavy metals Cu and Pb increased 10% - 20%, especially Zn, which could increase 40%.

[Transfection of GFP mRNA in dendritic cells and analysis of some factors involved].

Aim: To investigate the transfection of green fluorescent protein (GFP) mRNA in dendritic cells (DC) and analyze some factors which influence the transfection efficiency.

Methods: GFP (as a report gene) mRNA with cap was synthesized, in vitro, with mMESSAGE RNA Transcription Kit containing T7 RNA polymerase, and then the poly(A) was added to the GFP caped-mRNA by yeast poly(A) polymerase. DC were generated from the monocytes isolated from human peripheral blood by stimulation of GM-CSF and IL-4.

[Study on spatial site selection assessment of urban medical waste treatment facility].

Based on the principle of regional differentiation and gravity model, this paper proposes a GIS-based urban medical waste treatment facility spatial site selection assessment method. And the method is implemented by use of the third generation GIS database model, Geodatabase. Taking a city in Pearl River Delta as a case, based on its 46 basic units, two scenarios for medical waste central treatment are designed and analyzed by means of scenario analysis (SA) and then the better scenario is recommended.

High expression level of soluble SARS spike protein mediated by adenovirus in HEK293 cells.

Aim: To develop a highly efficacious method for preparation of soluble SARS S-protein using adenovirus vector to meet the requirement for S-protein investigation.

Methods: The human adenovirus vector was used to express the soluble S-protein (corresponding to 1 approximately 1190 amino acids) fused with Myc/His tag using codon-optimized gene construct in HEK239 cells. The recombinant adenovirus bearing S-protein gene was generated by ligation method.

[Characteristics of melting and solidification process of fly ash from refuse incinerator].

This study was conducted to investigate the migration patterns of main compositions of the fly ash from refuse incinerator during melting and solidification process. The experiment was performed in a high temperature melting furnace with temperature controlled. X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD) were used to analyzed the fly ash treated.