[Impacts of Nitrogen Application on Ammonia Volatilization During Maize Season in Northern China].

Ammonia volatilization is one of the major paths of nitrogen (N) loss and may exert a substantial impact on air quality. This study aims to explore the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilizer types, fertilization rate, and application timing and gas collection method on NH volatilization during the maize season in Northern China. This study collected the publications on the NH volatilization from maize farming which were conducted in Northern China from 1980 to 2018, and undertook a systematic analysis.

Factors distinguishing invasive from pre-invasive adenocarcinoma presenting as pure ground glass pulmonary nodules.

Background: To investigate predictors of pathological invasiveness and prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma in patients with pure ground-glass nodules (pGGNs).

Methods: Clinical and computed tomography (CT) features of invasive adenocarcinomas (IACs) and pre-IACs were retrospectively compared in 641 consecutive patients with pGGNs and confirmed lung adenocarcinomas who had undergone postoperative CT follow-up. Potential predictors of prognosis were investigated in these patients.

Pancreaticoduodenectomy for duodenal papilla carcinoma: A single-centre 9-year retrospective study of 112 patients with long-term follow-up.

Aim: To retrospectively evaluate the factors that influence long-term outcomes of duodenal papilla carcinoma (DPC) after standard pancreaticoduodenectomy (SPD).

Methods: This is a single-centre, retrospective study including 112 DPC patients who had a SPD between 2006 and 2015. Associations between serum levels of CA19-9 and CEA and various clinical characteristics of 112 patients with DPC were evaluated by the test and Fisher's exact test.