Identification and characterization of circular RNAs in mammary gland tissue from sheep at peak lactation and during the nonlactating period.

Circular RNAs are a class of noncoding RNA with a widespread occurrence in eukaryote tissues, and with some having been demonstrated to have clear biological function. In sheep, little is known about the role of circular RNAs in mammary gland tissue, and therefore an RNA sequencing approach was used to compare mammary gland tissue expression of circular RNAs in 9 Small Tail Han sheep at peak lactation, and subsequently when they were not lactating. These 9 sheep had their RNA pooled for analysis into 3 libraries from peak lactation and 3 from the nonlactating period.

Effects of Molecular Cross-Sectional Areas of Adsorbed Nitrogen on the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller Analysis for Carbon-Based Slit Pores.

Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area obtained by nitrogen adsorption is a commonly adopted value to characterize the specific surface area for porous materials. In the BET method, the widely applied cross-sectional area of nitrogen is 16.2 Å, which has been found to be an oversimplified assumption.

Effects of Aging on Expression of and and Mitochondrial Morphology in Myocardium of Tibetan Sheep.

In order to investigate the effects of aging on the expression of and and mitochondrial morphology in plateau animals, the expression of and genes and proteins, and the morphology of mitochondria in the myocardium of adult and aged Tibetan sheep were investigated. The expression of and genes and protein were higher ( < 0.05) in the myocardium of adult Tibetan sheep than in those of the aged ones.

Pretilachlor Releasable Polyurea Microcapsules Suspension Optimization and Its Paddy Field Weeding Investigation.

In this study, pretilachlor was encapsulated into polyurea microcapsules prepared by water-initiated polymerization of polyaryl polymethylene isocyanate and eventually made into pretilachlor microcapsules suspension (PMS). We used response surface methodology (RSM) combined with the Box-Behnken design (BBD) model to optimize the formulation of PMS. The encapsulation efficiency (EE) of PMS was investigated with respect to three independent variables including wall material dosage (X), emulsifier dosage (X), and polymerization stirring speed (X).

Characterization of the promoter region of bovine ATP5B: roles of MyoD and GATA1 in the regulation of basal transcription.

Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is a key determinant of beef quality, making it a key topic of research interest. ATP5B serves as the catalytic component of the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex and plays essential roles in controlling fat contents and oxidative metabolism in bovine skeletal muscle. In this study, we determined that bovine ATP5B was highly expressed in longissimus thoracis.

Effects of overexpression of ACSL1 gene on the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids in adipocytes of bovine.

There exists a positive correlation between the unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) content in the bovine species and their taste and nutritional significance. Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1 (ACSL1) is known to be involved in lipid synthesis as well as fatty acid transport and degradation. This gene has been identified as the key candidate gene for regulating lipid composition in the bovine skeletal muscle; however, its mechanism of action in regulating UFA synthesis in bovine adipocytes is unclear.

Uric acid drives intestinal barrier dysfunction through TSPO-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Background And Aim: Intestinal epithelial dysfunction is the foundation of various intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases, while the effects and mechanism of uric acid on the intestinal barrier are little known. TSPO has been shown to be related to the generation of ROS and is involved in regulating inflammation, whether uric acid drives intestinal epithelial dysfunction through TSPO-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation is unknown.

Methods: UOX gene knockout mouse (UOX-/-) were used for models of hyperuricemia.

Ferrocene-functionalized nanocomposites as signal amplification probes for electrochemical immunoassay of Salmonella typhimurium.

An electrochemical immunosensor based on ferrocene (Fc)-functionalized nanocomposites was fabricated as an efficient electroactive signal probe to amplify electrochemical signals for Salmonella typhimurium detection. The electrochemical signal amplification probe was constructed by encapsulating ferrocene into S. typhimurium-specific antimicrobial peptides Magainin I (MI)-Cu(PO) organic-inorganic nanocomposites (Fc@MI) through a one-step process.

Small RNA deep sequencing reveals the expressions of microRNAs in ovine mammary gland development at peak-lactation and during the non-lactating period.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that are involved in mammary gland development and lactation in livestock. Little is known about the roles of miRNAs in ovine mammary gland development, hence in this study the expression profiles of miRNAs of the mammary gland tissues of ewes at peak-lactation and during the non-lactating period were investigated using RNA sequencing. A total of 147 mature miRNAs were expressed in the two periods.

IFI30 expression is an independent unfavourable prognostic factor in glioma.

Gamma-interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase, the only known lysosomal thiol reductase, is encoded by gene IFI30 and expressed constitutively in antigen-presenting cells. Our comprehensive study on IFI30 in gliomas found its expression to be high in glioblastomas and in gliomas with a mesenchymal subtype or wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase, all of which indicated the malignancy and poor outcomes of gliomas. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis ascertained that high IFI30 expression conferred poor outcomes.

RNA-Seq Reveals the Expression Profiles of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Lactating Mammary Gland from Two Sheep Breeds with Divergent Milk Phenotype.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a kind of non-coding RNA with >200 nucleotides in length. Some lncRNAs have been proven to have clear regulatory functions in many biological processes of mammals. However, there have been no reports on the roles of lncRNAs in ovine mammary gland tissues.

A sensitive biosensor for determination of pathogenic bacteria using aldehyde dehydrogenase signaling system.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) was first developed as an enzymatic signaling system of a biosensor for sensitive point-of-care detection of pathogenic bacteria. ALDH and specific aptamers to Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), as organic components, were embedded in organic-inorganic nanocomposites as a biosensor signal label, integrating the functions of signal amplification and target recognition.

Variation in the Caprine Keratin-Associated Protein 27-1 Gene is Associated with Cashmere Fiber Diameter.

Variation in some caprine keratin-associated protein (KAP) genes has been associated with cashmere fiber traits, but many KAP genes remain unidentified in goats. In this study, we confirm the identification of a KAP27-1 gene () and describe its effect on cashmere traits in 248 Longdong cashmere goats. A polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis was used to screen for sequence variation in this gene, and three sequence variants (named to ) were found.

Ferroptosis-Related Gene Signature Predicts Glioma Cell Death and Glioma Patient Progression.

Glioma is a fatal brain tumor characterized by rapid proliferation and treatment resistance. Ferroptosis is a newly discovered programmed cell death and plays a crucial role in the occurrence and progression of tumors. In this study, we identified ferroptosis specific markers to reveal the relationship between ferroptosis-related genes and glioma by analyzing whole transcriptome data from Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas, The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset, GSE16011 dataset, and the Repository of Molecular Brain Neoplasia Data dataset.

Soluble uric acid induces inflammation via TLR4/NLRP3 pathway in intestinal epithelial cells.

Objectives: Hyperuricemia is a risk for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, but the mechanism is ambiguous. Increased intestinal permeability is correlated with metabolic syndrome risk factors. Intestinal epithelial cells play a pivotal role in maintaining intestinal permeability.

Reduced intracellular chloride concentration impairs angiogenesis by inhibiting oxidative stress-mediated VEGFR2 activation.

Chloride (Cl) homeostasis is of great significance in cardiovascular system. Serum Cl level is inversely associated with the mortality of patients with heart failure. Considering the importance of angiogenesis in the progress of heart failure, this study aims to investigate whether and how reduced intracellular Cl concentration ([Cl]) affects angiogenesis.

MicroRNA-302a promotes neointimal formation following carotid artery injury in mice by targeting PHLPP2 thus increasing Akt signaling.

The excessive proliferation and migration of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) play an important role in restenosis following percutaneous coronary interventions. MicroRNAs are able to target various genes and involved in the regulation of diverse cellular processes including cell growth and proliferation. In this study we investigated whether and how MicroRNAs regulated vascular SMC proliferation and vascular remodeling following carotid artery injury in mice.

Identification of the Ovine Keratin-Associated Protein 2-1 Gene and Its Sequence Variation in Four Chinese Sheep Breeds.

Keratin-associated proteins are important components of wool fibers. The gene encoding the high-sulfur keratin-associated protein 2-1 has been described in humans, but it has not been described in sheep. A basic local alignment search tool nucleotide search of the Ovine Genome Assembly version 4.

Interdisciplinary Patient Tracers: Routine, Systematic Safety Surveillance.

Patient tracers and leadership WalkRounds proactively identify quality and safety issues. However, these programs have been inconsistent in application, results, and sustainability. The goal was to identify a more consistent and efficient approach to survey health care facilities.

Attitude Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Among Community-Dwelling Population in China.

Objective: To explore the attitudes and factors in seeking professional psychological help among a Chinese community-dwelling population in order to promote positive help-seeking behaviors and better utilization of mental health services.

Methods: Using system and simple random sampling with Kish selection table methods, 912 community-dwelling residents were included in this study and asked about their attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help, depression symptoms, family function, depression literacy, help-seeking intention, and stigma.

Results: Scores on the Attitudes Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help scale (ATSPPH-SF) indicated a neutral attitude toward openness to seeking treatment for psychological problems and a negative attitude toward the value and need to seek treatment with a negative total score.

Hepatocyte TMEM16A Deletion Retards NAFLD Progression by Ameliorating Hepatic Glucose Metabolic Disorder.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent form of chronic liver disease, and the mechanisms underpinning its pathogenesis have not been completely established. Transmembrane member 16A (TMEM16A), a component of the Ca-activated chloride channel (CaCC), has recently been implicated in metabolic events. Herein, TMEM16A is shown to be responsible for CaCC activation in hepatocytes and is increased in liver tissues of mice and patients with NAFLD.

TMEM16A ameliorates vascular remodeling by suppressing autophagy via inhibiting Bcl-2-p62 complex formation.

: Transmembrane member 16A (TMEM16A) is a component of calcium-activated chloride channels that regulate vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and remodeling. Autophagy, a highly conserved cellular catabolic process in eukaryotes, exerts important physiological functions in vascular SMCs. In the current study, we investigated the relationship between TMEM16A and autophagy during vascular remodeling.

Elevated expression of DOK3 indicates high suppressive immune cell infiltration and unfavorable prognosis of gliomas.

Docking protein 3 has been implicated in immune response, including interferon-β production in macrophage and plasma cell differentiation. And its importance in lung adenocarcinoma has been reported. However, studies about its role in gliomas are rare.

Characteristics and Functions of the Rumen Microbial Community of Cattle-Yak at Different Ages.

A cattle-yak, which is a hybrid between a yak () and cattle (), is an important livestock animal, but basic questions regarding its physiology and environmental adaptation remain unanswered. To address this issue, the present study examined the species composition and functional characteristics of rumen microorganisms in the cattle-yak of different ages (2 and 3 years old) by metagenomic analysis. We found that rumen microbial community composition was similar at the two ages.