Association between Obesity and Periodontitis in US Adults: NHANES 2011-2014.

Introduction: It is controversial whether obesity and periodontitis are related. A representative US population was examined for the relationship between obesity and periodontitis.

Methods: In the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014, participants (n = 6,662) aged 30 years or older and who underwent periodontal examinations were chosen for analysis.

Tumor-derived proliferative CTCs and CTC clusters predict aggressiveness and early recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.

Background: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs), an indispensable liquid biopsy classifier, can provide extra information for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: We systematically analyzed the peripheral blood of preoperative HCC patients (n = 270) for CTC number, Ki67 index reflecting the proliferative CTC percentage (PCP), and CTC clusters correlated with the characteristics of malignant HCC tumors.

Results: Driver gene mutations were found with high levels of consistency between CTCs and primary tumors (n = 73).

Population pharmacokinetic analysis and dosing regimen optimization of teicoplanin in critically ill patients with sepsis.

Teicoplanin has been extensively used in the treatment for infections caused by gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant (MRSA). However, current teicoplanin treatment is challenging due to relatively low and variable concentrations under standard dosage regimens. This study aimed to investigate the population pharmacokinetics (PPK) characteristics of teicoplanin in adult sepsis patients and provide recommendations for optimal teicoplanin dosing regimens.

Construction of cellulose structural-color pigments with tunable colors and iridescence/non-iridescence.

Structural colorations have been recognized as a significant way to replace conventional organic dyes for paints, inks, packaging, and cosmetics because of brilliant colors, high stability, and eco-friendliness. However, most current structural-color pigments present an iridescent appearance, and it remains difficult to mitigate a trade-off between lowering the iridescence effect and maintaining the color saturation and brightness. Here, we demonstrate a universal yet economical approach to prepare cellulose structural-color pigments with different sizes.

Sophisticated yet Convenient Information Encryption/Decryption Based on Synergistically Time-/Temperature-Resolved Photonic Inks.

Exploring high-safety but convenient encryption and decryption technologies to combat threats of information leakage is urgently needed but remains a great challenge. Here, a synergistically time- and temperature-resolved information coding/decoding solution based on functional photonic inks is demonstrated. Encrypted messages can be stored into multiple channels with dynamic-color patterns, and information decryption is only enabled at appointed temperature and time points.

Bioinspired Optical Flexible Cellulose Nanocrystal Films with Strain-Adaptive Structural Coloration.

Recent advances of photonic crystals are driven to mechanical sensors and smart wearable devices; however, for chiral photonic cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) materials, vivid structural coloration and reversible mechanochromism like chameleon skin remain a big challenge. Here, we report a ternary co-assembly and post-UV-irradiation polymerization strategy to develop flexible and elastic CNC composite films, which, notably, have naked-eye-visible brilliant structural colors and stretching-induced color change covering a broad wavelength region at a moderate deformation (like skin). By adjusting the stretching, the film is designed as a smart skin to adapt to surrounding environments for camouflage.

Comparative efficacy and safety of disease-modifying therapies in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Currently, 19 disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) have been approved for the treatment of patients with relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis (RMS).

Objective: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DMTs in adults with RMS.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.

Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analyses revealed regulatory mechanisms of flavonoid biosynthesis in .

Background: () is a common Miao medicine and is widely distributed in the Guizhou region of southern China. The botanical origin of includes the dry root and rhizome of (ACS) or (Thunb.) A.

A Surface Diffusion Barrier Strategy toward Water-Resistant Photonic Materials for Accurate Detection of Ethanol.

Photonic materials that enable visual detection of chemicals have shown great potential for wide applications in chemical, environmental, biotechnological, and food industries, but until now, using hydrophilic photonic materials for tracing water-soluble chemicals remains a major challenge due to the strong water interference. Here, we demonstrate a two-step co-assembly and subsequent surface coating strategy to develop an ethanol-sensitive and anti-water interference photonic crystal film. By using citric acid as a co-assembly phase, high ethanol sensing is realized because of the strong intermolecular affinity.

Pharmacokinetic Characteristics of Siponimod in Healthy Volunteers and Patients With Multiple Sclerosis: Analyses of Published Clinical Trials.

This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of siponimod in healthy volunteers and patients with MS based on aggregated data from published clinical trials, and to explore the factors influencing siponimod exposure. A total of 476 siponimod plasma concentrations aggregated from 28 dosage groups (corresponding to 294 healthy volunteers and 207 patients with MS) were collected from published clinical trials. Population pharmacokinetic (PPK) analysis was performed using a nonlinear, mixed-effect modeling approach.

Increased PD-L1 Expression in Acquired Cisplatin-Resistant Lung Cancer Cells via Mir-181a.

Cancer immunotherapy has dramatically improved the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In tumor cells, programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1), also known as cluster of differentiation 274 (CD274), is a key target for cancer immunotherapy. Cisplatin (CDDP), a first-class NSCLC treatment drug, reportedly induces PD-L1 expression, and regulates cancer immunity.

Photonic Cellulose Films with Vivid Structural Colors: Fabrication and Selectively Chemical Response.

Recent advances in structural-color cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) materials have been made toward chemical sensing applications; however, such materials lack sufficient color chroma for naked-eye observation, and their selective recognition to given chemicals as well as the corresponding mechanism has rarely been reported. Here, a dopamine-infiltration and post-polymerization approach is proposed to construct vivid structural-color composite films. The chiral nematic structure of CNC enables the structural coloration, while the strong light absorption of the polymeric co-phase, polydopamine (PDA) enhances the color chroma and visibility.

Effect of different initial rituximab regimens on B cell depletion in children with autoimmune neurological diseases.

Background: Rituximab (RTX) is a promising B-cell-depleting monoclonal antibody used to treat several autoimmune neurological diseases in children. The RTX administration regimen relies on the reconstitution of B cells in the peripheral blood.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different initial RTX regimens on B cell depletion.

Molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: potential diagnostic and prognostic significance in clinical practice.

Background: The clinical value of heterogeneous sub-populations of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear.

Methods: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 67 PDAC patients. CTCs were isolated by employing CD45 negative enrichment technique and further characterized for epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) or human equilibrative nucleoside transporter-1 (hENT-1).

Tumor-stroma TGF-β1-THBS2 feedback circuit drives pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression via integrin αβ/CD36-mediated activation of the MAPK pathway.

The pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) microenvironment contains dense desmoplastic stroma dominated by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and is crucial to cancer development and progression. Several studies have revealed that thrombospondin 2 (THBS2) is a valuable serological-marker in PDAC. However, the detailed mechanism of the cancer-stroma interactome remains unclear.

Adaptations in Hippo-Yap signaling and myofibroblast fate underlie scar-free ear appendage wound healing in spiny mice.

Spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus) are terrestrial mammals that evolved unique scar-free regenerative wound-healing properties. Myofibroblasts (MFs) are the major scar-forming cell type in skin. We found that following traumatic injury to ear pinnae, MFs appeared rapidly in both Acomys and mouse yet persisted only in mouse.

Efficacy and Safety of Eculizumab for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Eculizumab is indicated for the treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of eculizumab in patients with PNH.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.

Chameleon-Inspired Variable Coloration Enabled by a Highly Flexible Photonic Cellulose Film.

Due to spontaneous organization of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) into the chiral nematic structure that can selectively reflect circularly polarized light within a visible-light region, fabricating stretching deformation-responsive CNC materials is of great interest but is still a big challenge, despite such a function widely observed from existing creatures, like a chameleon, because of the inherent brittleness. Here, a flexible network structure is introduced in CNCs, exerting a bridge effect for the rigid nanomaterials. The as-prepared films display high flexibility with a fracture strain of up to 39%.

Efficacy and safety of azathioprine for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis of real-world studies.

Objective: This study aimed to perform a meta-analysis of the efficacy and safety of azathioprine (AZA) for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), considering the potential predictive factors related to patient response to AZA in this disease.

Methods: We performed a systematic online query in PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WANFANG DATA, and CQVIP DATA.

Therapeutic potential of pyruvate therapy for patients with mitochondrial diseases: a systematic review.

Background: Mitochondrial disease is a term used to describe a set of heterogeneous genetic diseases caused by impaired structure or function of mitochondria. Pyruvate therapy for mitochondrial disease is promising from a clinical point of view.

Methods: According to PRISMA guidelines, the following databases were searched to identify studies regarding pyruvate therapy for mitochondrial disease: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and .

Spatial heterogeneity in epithelial to mesenchymal transition properties of circulating tumor cells associated with distant recurrence in pancreatic cancer patients.

Background: The spatial heterogeneity of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related circulating tumor cells (CTCs) within the circulatory system and its potential clinical relevance remain unclear in pancreatic cancer (PC) patients. We aimed to map the distribution of EMT-related CTCs along the spreading pathway and investigate the prognostic significance due to the potential spatial heterogeneity in the count and phenotypic properties of CTCs.

Methods: Both portal vein (PoV) and peripheral vein (PV) blood samples were collected from 39 PC patients.

The role of autophagy and Beclin-1 in radiotherapy-induced apoptosis in thyroid carcinoma cells.

Background/objectives: Thyroid cancer (TC), especially primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), is an aggressive malignant tumor which usually resists radiotherapy (RT). We wanted to understand the mechanism of incomplete response of RT in TC cells.

Methods: SCC cell line SW579 cells were exposed to X-rays.

Ginsenoside Rh2 Improves the Cisplatin Anti-tumor Effect in Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells via Superoxide and PD-L1.

Background: Ginsenoside Rh2 (Rh2) is a major biological component of ginseng that exerts antitumor activities in multiple cancers including Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers (NSCLCs). Rh2 also enhances the anti-tumor effects of various chemotherapy drugs including cisplatin at relatively low concentrations. Here, the mechanistic role of Rh2 in chemotherapy-treated NSCLCs will be investigated.