S100A8/A9: An emerging player in sepsis and sepsis-induced organ injury.

Sepsis, the foremost contributor to mortality in intensive care unit patients, arises from an uncontrolled systemic response to invading infections, resulting in extensive harm across multiple organs and systems. Recently, S100A8/A9 has emerged as a promising biomarker for sepsis and sepsis-induced organ injury, and targeting S100A8/A9 appeared to ameliorate inflammation-induced tissue damage and improve adverse outcomes. S100A8/A9, a calcium-binding heterodimer mainly found in neutrophils and monocytes, serves as a causative molecule with pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties, which are vital in the pathogenesis of sepsis.

Utility of adjuvant radioactive iodine therapy after reoperation in papillary thyroid carcinoma with cervical lymph node recurrence.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of RAI therapy after reoperation for patients with LN relapse.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively evaluated PTC patients who had undergone reoperation due to cervical LN recurrence. We used the chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, Student's t test and the Mann-Whitney U test to compare characteristics between patients retreated with RAI and those who did not receive RAI after reoperation.

Meisoindigo inhibits cellular proliferation via down-regulation of the PI3K/Akt pathway and induces cellular apoptosis in glioblastoma U87 cells.

Objective: The current study was to explore whether meisoindigo was effective in suppressing proliferation and inducing apoptosis of human glioblastoma multiforme U87 cells and to explore its possible mechanisms.

Method: Morphological changes were observed by light microscopy. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to detect cellular proliferation.

The immune response of T cells and therapeutic targets related to regulating the levels of T helper cells after ischaemic stroke.

Through considerable effort in research and clinical studies, the immune system has been identified as a participant in the onset and progression of brain injury after ischaemic stroke. Due to the involvement of all types of immune cells, the roles of the immune system in stroke pathology and associated effects are complicated. Past research concentrated on the functions of monocytes and neutrophils in the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke and tried to demonstrate the mechanisms of tissue injury and protection involving these immune cells.

Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy in Glioblastoma: Current and Future.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive glioma with an extremely poor prognosis after conventional treatment. Recent advances in immunotherapy offer hope for these patients with incurable GBM. Our present review aimed to provide an overview of immunotherapy for GBM, especially chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T) therapy.

The Involvement and Therapy Target of Immune Cells After Ischemic Stroke.

After ischemic stroke, the integrity of the blood-brain barrier is compromised. Peripheral immune cells, including neutrophils, T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages, infiltrate into the ischemic brain tissue and play an important role in regulating the progression of ischemic brain injury. In this review, we will discuss the role of different immune cells after stroke in the secondary inflammatory reaction and focus on the phenotypes and functions of macrophages in ischemic stroke, as well as briefly introduce the anti-ischemic stroke therapy targeting macrophages.

Microbiota-gut-brain axis and the central nervous system.

The gut and brain form the gut-brain axis through bidirectional nervous, endocrine, and immune communications. Changes in one of the organs will affect the other organs. Disorders in the composition and quantity of gut microorganisms can affect both the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system (CNS), thereby indicating the existence of a microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Daphnetin Protects against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Mice via Inhibition of TLR4/NF-B Signaling Pathway.

Growing evidences indicate that immune-mediated mechanisms contribute to the development of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Daphnetin (DAP) is a coumarin derivative extracted from var., which displays anti-inflammatory properties.