Preparation and Hypoglycemic Effect of Magnolia Officinalis Polysaccharide Oral Liquid.

In this paper, an oral liquid containing Magnolia officinalis polysaccharide was formulated and its hypoglycemic effects were investigated. An orthogonal test was conducted based on single-factor experiments to optimize the formulation guided by sensory evaluations. Its stability and safety were also assessed.

Roles of four targets in the pathogenesis of graves' orbitopathy.

Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disease that involves complex immune systems. The mainstays of clinical management for this disease are surgery, targeted drugs therapy, and no-targeted drugs drug therapy. targeted drugs can improve therapeutic efficacy and enhance the quality of life for GO patients.

[Three ways for protein aggregation and the control strategies].

Protein aggregation is a critical issue in the production of biopharmaceuticals. During protein production, transport and storage, various factors can lead to protein aggregation. With the in-depth study, different ways of protein aggregation and various influencing factors were identified.

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Mytilus coruscus α-d-Glucan (MP-A) in Activated Macrophage Cells via TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK Pathway Inhibition.

The hard-shelled mussel () has been used as Chinese traditional medicine for thousands of years; however, to date the ingredients responsible for the various beneficial health outcomes attributed to are still unclear. An α-d-Glucan, called MP-A, was isolated from , and observed to exert anti-inflammatory activity in THP-1 human macrophage cells. Specifically, we showed that MP-A treatment inhibited the production of inflammatory markers, including TNF-α, NO, and PGE2, inducible NOS (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), in LPS-activated THP-1 cells.

Effect of Co-overexpression of Nisin Key Genes on Nisin Production Improvement in Lactococcus lactis LS01.

Nisin is a small antimicrobial peptide produced by several subset strains of Lactococcus lactis. To improve nisin yield in the producer L. lactis LS01, we proposed a successive fusion of nisA with nisRK and nisFEG into a single shuttle expression vector pMG36e under the control of the native strong constitutive promoter p32.

Improvement of Natamycin Production by Cholesterol Oxidase Overexpression in Streptomyces gilvosporeus.

Natamycin is a widely used antifungal antibiotic. For natamycin biosynthesis, the gene pimE encodes cholesterol oxidase, which acts as a signalling protein. To confirm the positive effect of the gene pimE on natamycin biosynthesis, an additional copy of the gene pimE was inserted into the genome of Streptomyces gilvosporeus 712 under the control of the ermE* promoter (permE*) using intergeneric conjugation.

Development, validation and influence factor analysis of a near-infrared method for the molecular weight determination of xanthan gum.

A practical molecular weight determination model of xanthan gum (XG), based on near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, was built in this study. Two sample measurement modules, integrating sphere module and fiber-optic probe module, were compared, and the best partial least square (PLS) regression model was based on fiber-optic probe module. The values of coefficient of determination in calibration (R(2)c), coefficient of determination in prediction (R(2)p), residual predictive deviation (RPD) and root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) were 0.

High level production of β-galactosidase exhibiting excellent milk-lactose degradation ability from Aspergillus oryzae by codon and fermentation optimization.

A β-galactosidase gene from Aspergillus oryzae was engineered utilizing codon usage optimization to be constitutively and highly expressed in the Pichia pastoris SMD1168H strain in a high-cell-density fermentation. After fermentation for 96 h in a 50-L fermentor using glucose and glycerol as combined carbon sources, the recombinant enzyme in the culture supernatant had an activity of 4,239.07 U mL(-1) with o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactopyranoside as the substrate, and produced a total of extracellular protein content of 7.

Enhancement of natamycin production on Streptomyces gilvosporeus by chromosomal integration of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene (vgb).

Oxygen deficiency is a critical factor during the fermentation production of natamycin. In order to alleviate oxygen limitation and enhance the yield of natamycin, the vgb gene, encoding Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) was inserted into pSET152 with its native promoter and integrated into the chromosome of Streptomyces gilvosporeus (S. gilvosporeus).

Poly-γ-glutamate from Bacillus subtilis inhibits tyrosinase activity and melanogenesis.

Poly-γ-glutamate (γ-PGA) has been considered as one of the most promising biomaterials with a wide range of applications, but there has been no report that directly shows the anti-tyrosinase and anti-melanogenesis properties of γ-PGA. In the present study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of γ- PGA with low molecular weight (Mw; lγ-PGA) and high Mw (hγ-PGA) on mushroom tyrosinase and murine tyrosinase activities and on melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells. First, we showed that both lγ-PGA and hγ-PGA could effectively inhibit mushroom tyrosinase activities including monophenolase and diphenolase activities in a dose-dependent manner.

Intra-articular injection of xanthan gum reduces pain and cartilage damage in a rat osteoarthritis model.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the alleviative effect of intra-articular (IA) injection of xanthan gum (XG) on pain and cartilage degradation in a model of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced knee osteoarthritis (OA). The rheological study and hyaluronidase (HAse) degradation analysis of XG injection were presented. The effect of pain relief was determined by measurements of paw withdrawal threshold and weight bearing by hind limbs.

The protective effect of xanthan gum on interleukin-1β induced rabbit chondrocytes.

We have previously shown that intra-articular injection of xanthan gum (XG) could protect the joint cartilage and reduce osteoarthritis progression. In this study, we investigated the preliminary cytotoxicity of XG on chondrocytes, evaluated the effects of XG on the proliferation and the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced rabbit chondrocytes. Primary rabbit chondrocytes were cultured.

Improvement of xylanase production by thermophilic fungus Thermomyces lanuginosus SDYKY-1 using response surface methodology.

Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to optimize medium composition for the production of a thermostable xylanase from T. lanuginosus SDYKY-1 using economical carbon and nitrogen sources (soybean meal and corncobs, respectively). Plackett-Burman (P-B) design was applied to evaluate the effects of nine variables (powdered corncobs, soybean meal, Tween-80, CaCl(2), MgSO(4)·7H(2)O, FeSO(4), KH(2)PO(4), initial pH and inoculum culture volume).

Improved poly-gamma-glutamic acid production by chromosomal integration of the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene (vgb) in Bacillus subtilis.

In order to alleviate oxygen limitation and improve the yield of poly-gamma-glutamic acid (gamma-PGA) during fermentation, the Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene (vgb) was integrated into the chromosome of Bacillus subtilis and expressed during gamma-PGA production. The activity of the expressed Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (VHb) was confirmed by CO-difference spectrum. Expression of VHb enhanced cell growth under high viscosity fermentation conditions 1.

On-column refolding of an insoluble His6-tagged recombinant EC-SOD overexpressed in Escherichia coli.

The EC-SOD cDNA was cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and inserted into the Escherichia coli expression plasmid pET-28a(+) and transformed into E. coli BL21(DE3). The corresponding protein that was overexpressed as a recombinant His6-tagged EC-SOD was present in the form of inactive inclusion bodies.