Plasma bile acid profile analysis by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application in healthy subjects and IBD patients.

Bile acids (BAs), not only promote the absorption of fat-soluble nutrients and regulate the metabolism of multiple substances but also have a potential role as diagnostic and prognostic indicators in a variety of diseases such as cholestasis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and diabetes mellitus. Here, a rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous quantification of 50 BAs was developed and validated. Sample preparation included internal standard spiking, followed by protein precipitation, centrifugation, solvent evaporation, and reconstitution.

Evaluation of Population Pharmacokinetic Models of Micafungin: Implications for Dosing Regimen Optimization in Critically Ill Patients.

Micafungin (MFG) is a widely used echinocandin antifungal agent for treating invasive candidiasis, particularly in critically ill patients. However, its pharmacokinetics can be highly variable in this population. This systematic review aims to summarize population pharmacokinetic models and provide recommendations for its use in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Development and validation of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of polymixin B1, B2, ile-B1, E1, and E2 in human plasma and its clinical pharmacokinetic application.

Polymyxin B (PB) and Polymyxin E (PE, also called colistin) are used as the last treatment resort for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections. The nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity of polymyxins limit their clinical use, and guidelines recommend therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to optimize efficacy and reduce toxicity. However, there are limited analytical methods available for the determination of PB and PE.

Multi-Scale MXene/Silver Nanowire Composite Foams with Double Conductive Networks for Multifunctional Integration.

With the onset of the 5G era, wearable flexible electronic devices have developed rapidly and gradually entered the daily life of people. However, the vast majority of research focuses on the integration of functions and performance improvement, while ignoring electromagnetic hazards caused by devices. Herein, the 3D double conductive networks are constructed through a repetitive vacuum-assisted dip-coating technique to decorate the 2D MXene and 1D silver nanowires on the melamine foam.

Development and validation of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for the measurement of infliximab and anti-drug antibody levels.

Infliximab and its -drug antibody (ADA) serum concentrations exhibit a strong correlation with clinical response and loss of response. The use of therapeutic drug monitoring to measure the concentration of infliximab and ADA can facilitate clinical decision-making, helping patients attain optimal therapeutic effects. However, there are still limitations to the existing infliximab and its ADA detection methods.

Ultra-flexible silver/iron nanowire decorated melamine composite foams for high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption and thermal management.

Nowadays, functional electronic devices with excellent flexibility and thermal management capability for effective electromagnetic wave absorption are urgently in demand. Herein, a novel and highly flexible silver nanowire (AgNW)/iron nanowire (FeNW) decorated melamine composite foam (AgFe-MF) was prepared via simple dip-coating process. Owing to optimal impedance matching, synergistic dielectric and magnetic losses as well as three-dimensional porous structure, the AgFe-MF with an ultra-low filler content (0.

Compatibilizing Biodegradable Poly(lactic acid)/polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate Blends via Reactive Graphene Oxide for Screw-Based 3D Printing.

Vinyl-functionalized graphene oxide (VGO) was used as a reactive compatibilizer to prepare poly(lactic acid)/polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PLA/PBAT) blends. The linear rheological and scanning electron microscopy results confirmed that the VGO nanosheets were quite efficient in compatibilizing PLA/PBAT blends. The size of the PBAT dispersed phase was remarkably decreased in the presence of VGO nanosheets.

High-performance composite elastomers with abundant heterostructures for enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption with ultrabroad bandwidth.

Two-dimensional (2D) MXene has attracted vast attention in electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA), but there remains a contradiction between maintaining impedance matching and enhancing dielectric loss. Herein, the multi-scale architectures of ecoflex/2D MXene (TiCT)@zero-dimensional CoNi sphere@one-dimensional carbon nanotube composite elastomers were successfully constructed by simple liquid-phase reduction and thermo-curing method. The binding between the hybrids as fillers and ecoflex as a matrix greatly enhanced the EWA capability of the obtained composite elastomer and improved its mechanical properties.

Wheat-like Ni-coated core-shell silver nanowires for effective electromagnetic wave absorption.

Nowadays, developing high-performance electromagnetic functional materials to eliminate the ever-increasing electromagnetic pollution problem is necessary for the complex electromagnetic environment. However, the materials with high electrical conductivity are prone to secondary electromagnetic pollution due to interface impedance mismatching. Herein, the wheat-like electrically conductive and magnetic silver nanowire@nickle (AgNW@Ni) composites were fabricated via a one-pot in-situ growth method.

Microstructural, Mechanical, and Tribological Performances of Composites Prepared via Melt Compounding of Polyamide 6, Basalt Fibers, and Styrene-Ethylene-Butylene-Styrene Copolymer.

Basalt fibers (BFs) are environmentally friendly materials characterized by high strength and good wear resistance, and thus are popular candidates for reinforcing polymers. Herein, polyamide 6 (PA 6), BFs, and the styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) copolymer were melt compounded sequentially to prepare fiber-reinforced PA 6-based composites. The results showed improved mechanical and tribological performances via the incorporation of BFs and SEBS into PA 6.

Development and validation of a novel HPLC-UV method for simultaneous determination of azathioprine metabolites in human red blood cells.

A rapid, specific and accurate high-performance liquid chromatography with tunable ultraviolet detection method was developed to simultaneously determine azathioprine metabolites, 6-thioguanine nucleotides (6-TGN) and 6-methyl mercaptopurine riboside (6-MMPr) in human red blood cells. Erythrocyte lysate sample was precipitated by perchloric acid under the protection of dithiothreitol, with 6-TGN and 6-MMPr being acid hydrolyzed to produce 6-thioguanine (6-TG) and 6-methymercaptopurine (6-MMP). A Waters Cortecs C column (2.

Anti-freezing, recoverable and transparent conductive hydrogels co-reinforced by ethylene glycol as flexible sensors for human motion monitoring.

Wearable flexible sensors based on conductive hydrogels have received extensive attention in the fields of electronic skin and smart monitoring. However, conductive hydrogels contain a large amount of water, which greatly affects their performances in harsh environments. It is therefore necessary to prepare hydrogel sensors that are stable at low temperatures.

Highly Stretchable Composite Foams via Sustainable Utilization of Waste Tire Rubbers for Temperature-Dependent Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Recently, the sustainable utilization of waste resources has become a low-cost and effective strategy to design high-performance functional materials to solve the increasingly serious environmental pollution problem. Herein, the flexible and highly stretchable polyurethane (PU) composite foams assisted by one-dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and zero-dimensional Fe3O4 were fabricated using waste tire rubbers (WTRs) as reinforcements during a simple self-foaming process. The collaborative introduction of conductive CNTs, magnetic Fe3O4, and WTRs with three-dimensional cross-linked structures enabled the construction of an efficient electronic transmission path and heterointerfaces inside the composite foam.

Non-Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Polyether-Ether-Ketone Nanocomposites and Analysis of the Mechanical and Electrical Conductivity Performance.

High-performance polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is highly desirable for a plethora of engineering applications. The incorporation of conductive carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into PEEK can impart electrical conductivity to the otherwise non-conductive matrix, which can further expand the application realm for PEEK composites. However, a number of physical properties, which are central to the functionalities of the composite, are affected by the complex interplay of the crystallinity and presence of the nanofillers, such as CNTs.

Flower-like bimetal-organic framework derived composites with tunable structures for high-efficiency electromagnetic wave absorption.

Recently, high-performance functional composites for electromagnetic wave absorption (EWA) with tunable nano/micro-structures have attracted extensive attention. Herein, the flower-like electrically conductive and magnetic cobalt-nickel@carbon (CoNi@C) composites derived from bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) were fabricated via solvothermal method and pyrolysis. By adjusting the ratios of different precursors, different morphological features of composites were formed.

Microstructure, Microhardness and Tribological Properties of Bronze-Steel Bimetallic Composite Produced by Vacuum Diffusion Welding.

In this paper, a lead-bronze/steel bimetal composite was produced by vacuum diffusion welding technology. The microstructure, hardness and tribological properties under the dry sliding condition of the bimetal structured material were investigated and compared with two reference samples, i.e.

Ultrahigh and Tunable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance of PVDF Composite Induced by Nano-Micro Cellular Structure.

Lightweight and efficient electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials play a vital role in protecting high-precision electronic devices and human health. Porous PVDF/CNTs/urchin-like Ni composites with different cell sizes from nanoscale to microscale were fabricated through one-step supercritical carbon dioxide (CO) foaming. The electrical conductivity and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance of the composites with different cell sizes were examined in detail.

Preparation of high-expansion open-cell polylactic acid foam with superior oil-water separation performance.

Environmentally friendly and non-toxic polylactic acid (PLA) foam has shown great application prospects in heat preservation, adsorption and other fields. However, it is still challenging to prepare high-expansion PLA foam. Herein, a cooling batch foaming process under supercritical CO (sc-CO), based on pre-melted non-crystalline state, was proposed to prepare PLA foams with high expansion ratio.

Inhibitory Effect of Lentivirus-Mediated Gag-Caspase-8 on the Growth of HER-2 Overexpressing Primary Human Breast Cancer Cells.

Apoptosis plays an essential role in the development and treatment of tumors, and caspase-8 () plays an important role in the enzyme cascade reaction that leads to apoptosis. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) overexpressing breast cancer is highly aggressive and has a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. This study investigated whether lentivirus-mediated Gag-CASP8 can effectively deliver activated CASP8 into primary human breast cancer cells overexpressing HER-2 to induce apoptosis and explore the underlying mechanism.

[The role of supraorbital ethmoid cell and the significance of a proposed classification of the anterior ethmoid artery in endoscopic sinus surgery].

To investigate the role of the supraorbital ethmoidal cell（SOEC） in identifying the frontal sinus ostium（FO） and the anterior ethmoidal artery（AEA） in endoscopic sinus surgery, and to evaluate the clinical significance of a proposed endoscopic classification of AEA. The clinical data of 116 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were collected. Thirty-six patients（47 sides） with SOEC and DraftⅡA frontal sinusotomy were included.

[Sensory organization test results for maintaining an upright balance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and patients with peripheral vestibular disorders].

To research the differences of sensory organization testing in maintaining postural stability between patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and patients with peripheral vertigo using computerized posturography. Participants were divided into the control group （52 cases）, the type 2 diabetes mellitus group （T2DM） （45 cases）, and the peripheral vertigo group （PV） （47 cases）. All participants were examined under six conditions by computerized posturography: The sensory organization test, a part of computerized dynamic posturography, was used to assess the abilities of vision, somatosensory and vestibular systems in maintaining postural stability.

The expression of VEGF and VEGFR in endotoxin induced otitis media with effusion in rats.

Objective: To investigate the expression and correlation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor with hypoxia-inducible factor-1 α (HIF-1 α) in otitis media with effusion (OME).

Methods: A rat model of OME was induced by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the middle ear. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the pathomorphological changes of the tympanic cavity in the middle ear of rats.

The intraoral growth patterns of parapharyngeal tumors: A proposed classification system.

Objective: Nearly half of parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors present as an intraoral mass, which is diagnostically challenging. In this study, we studied whether preoperative growth patterns were associated with histopathological diagnosis for planning surgery.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in patients with PPS tumors.