Elevated serum sodium is linked to increased amyloid-dependent tau pathology, neurodegeneration, and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease.

Vascular dysfunction is implicated in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). While sodium is essential for maintaining vascular function, its role in AD pathology remains unclear. We included 353 participants from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), assessing serum sodium levels, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and positron emission tomography (PET) biomarkers, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cognitive function.

Rapid one-pot human single nucleotide polymorphism genotyping platform with Cas13a nuclease.

Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), as one of the key components of the genetic factors, is important for disease detection and early screening of hereditary diseases. Current SNP genotyping methods require laboratory instruments or long operating times. To facilitate the diagnosis of hereditary diseases, we developed a new method referred to as the LwaCas13a-based SNP genotyping platform (Cas13a platform), which is useful for detecting disease-related SNPs.

Drivers and consequences of microbial community coalescence.

Microbial communities are undergoing unprecedented dispersion and amalgamation across diverse ecosystems, thereby exerting profound and pervasive influences on microbial assemblages and ecosystem dynamics. This review delves into the phenomenon of community coalescence, offering an ecological overview that outlines its four-step process and elucidates the intrinsic interconnections in the context of community assembly. We examine pivotal mechanisms driving community coalescence, with a particular emphasis on elucidating the fates of both source and resident microbial communities and the consequential impacts on the ecosystem.

The biochemical characterization of a TatD nuclease from Thermus thermophilus.

Nucleases play pivotal roles in DNA repair and apoptosis. Moreover, they have various applications in biotechnology and industry. Among nucleases, TatD has been characterized as an exonuclease with various biological functions in different organisms.

Sex differences in the relationship between depression and Alzheimer's disease-mechanisms, genetics, and therapeutic opportunities.

Depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders with intriguing epidemiological overlaps. Their interrelation has recently garnered widespread attention. Empirical evidence indicates that depressive disorders significantly contribute to AD risk, and approximately a quarter of AD patients have comorbid major depressive disorder, which underscores the bidirectional link between AD and depression.

Plasma Insulin Predicts Early Amyloid-β Pathology Changes in Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Evidence suggests that type 2 diabetes (T2D) is an independent risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), sharing similar pathophysiological traits like impaired insulin signaling.

Objective: To test the association between plasma insulin and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) AD pathology.

Methods: A total of 304 participants were included in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, assessing plasma insulin and CSF AD pathology.

The impact of patentees assessment based on the heterogeneous patent innovation network.

As a vital factor in technological innovation, patentee plays a significant role in the process of scientific and technological innovation, researching patentee has attracted the attention of experts and scholars. Previously, scholars have mainly quantified patent indicators or constructed homogeneous information networks to analyze patentees, but these methods cannot objectively measure the impact of patentees. Therefore, this study proposes a novel approach to assessing patentee impact based on a heterogeneous information network.

Bridging ecological assembly process and community stability upon bacterial invasions.

Understanding the link between microbial community stability and assembly processes is crucial in microbial ecology. Here, we investigated whether the impact of biotic disturbances would depend on the processes controlling community assembly. For that, we performed an experiment using soil microcosms in which microbial communities assembled through different processes were invaded by Escherichia coli.

Lose-lose consequences of bacterial community-driven invasions in soil.

Background: Community-driven invasion, also known as community coalescence, occurs widely in natural ecosystems. Despite that, our knowledge about the process and mechanisms controlling community-driven invasion in soil ecosystems is lacking. Here, we performed a set of coalescence experiments in soil microcosms and assessed impacts up to 60 days after coalescence by quantifying multiple traits (compositional, functional, and metabolic) of the invasive and coalescent communities.

Silibinin suppresses glioblastoma cell growth, invasion, stemness, and glutamine metabolism by YY1/SLC1A5 pathway.

Background: Silibinin has been found to inhibit glioblastoma (GBM) progression. However, the underlying molecular mechanism by which Silibinin regulates GBM process remains unclear.

Methods: GBM cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and stemness are assessed by cell counting kit-8 assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay, and sphere formation assay.

Exoproteome analysis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa response to high alkane stress.

Microbial biodegradation serves as an effective approach to treat oil pollution. However, the application of such methods for the degrading long-chain alkanes still encounters significant challenges. Comparative proteomics has extensively studied the intracellular proteins of bacteria that degrade short- and medium-chain alkanes, but the role and mechanism of extracellular proteins in many microorganism remain unclear.

Economic evaluation of stent retrievers in basilar artery occlusion: An analysis from Chinese healthcare system perspective.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the cost-effectiveness of stent retriever (SR) versus best medical management (BMM) in patients with basilar artery occlusion (BAO) in China.

Methods: We used a two-step approach to compare the cost-effectiveness of SR plus BMM with that of BMM alone over 20 years. A decision tree was initially constructed for the first 3 months, followed by a Markov model for the subsequent period.

Synthesis and degradation of the cyclic dinucleotide messenger c-di-AMP in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus yayanosii.

Cyclic di-adenosine monophosphate (c-di-AMP) is a newly identified prokaryotic cyclic dinucleotide second messenger well elucidated in bacteria, while less studied in archaea. Here, we describe the enzymes involved in c-di-AMP metabolism in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus yayanosii. Our results demonstrate that c-di-AMP is synthesized from two molecules of ATP by diadenylate cyclase (DAC) and degraded into pApA and then to AMP by a DHH family phosphodiesterase (PDE).

A systematic analysis of marine lysogens and proviruses.

Viruses are ubiquitous in the oceans, exhibiting high abundance and diversity. Here, we systematically analyze existing genomic sequences of marine prokaryotes to compile a Marine Prokaryotic Genome Dataset (MPGD, consisting of over 12,000 bacterial and archaeal genomes) and a Marine Temperate Viral Genome Dataset (MTVGD). At least 40% of the MPGD genomes contain one or more proviral sequences, indicating that they are lysogens.

Relationship between IDH1/2 and TERT promoter mutation and the prognosis of human glioma patients.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1/2 mutation, telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) gene promoter mutation and the prognosis of human glioma patients.

Methods: One hundred fifteen patients with human glioma, treated surgically in The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from January 2019 to January 2020, were included. All patients were followed up until January 31, 2022.

Biochemical and mutational studies of an endonuclease V from the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus islandicus REY15A.

Endonuclease V (EndoV), which is widespread in bacteria, eukarya and Archaea, can cleave hypoxanthine (Hx)-containing DNA or RNA strand, and play an essential role in Hx repair. However, our understanding on archaeal EndoV's function remains incomplete. The model archaeon Sulfolobus islandicus REY15A encodes a putative EndoV protein (Sis-EndoV).

Biochemical characterization and mechanistic insight of the family IV uracil DNA glycosylase from Sulfolobus islandicus REY15A.

Uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) can remove uracil from DNA, thus playing an essential role in maintaining genomic stability. Family IV UDG members are mostly widespread in hyperthermophilic Archaea and bacteria. In this work, we characterized the family IV UDG from the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus islandicus REY15A (Sis-UDGIV) biochemically, and dissected the roles of nine conserved residues in uracil excision by mutational analyses.

Discovery of Orally Bioavailable -Benzylpiperidinol Derivatives as Potent and Selective USP7 Inhibitors with In Vivo Antitumor Immunity Activity against Colon Cancer.

USP7 emerges as a potential therapeutic target for cancers, as it plays an important role in the development of tumorigenesis by stabilizing multiple cancer-relevant proteins. Nevertheless, the discovery of drug-like USP7 inhibitors remains challenging. Herein, we report a series of -benzylpiperidinol derivatives as potent and selective USP7 inhibitors (e.

A novel Family V uracil DNA glycosylase from Sulfolobus islandicus REY15A.

Uracil DNA glycosylase (UDG) can excise uracil from DNA, thus playing an essential role in counteracting mutations. The genome of the hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus islandicus REY15A encodes one putative Family V UDG (Sis-UDGV). Herein, we provide evidence that Sis-UDGV is a bi-functional glycosylase that can not only excise uracil from DNA, but cleave the generated apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) site, which differs from other reported mono-functional Family V UDG homologs.

Translesion synthesis of apurinic/apyrimidic site analogues by Y-family DNA polymerase Dbh from .

Apurinic/apyrimidic (AP) sites are severe DNA damages and strongly block DNA extension by major DNA polymerases. Y-family DNA polymerases possess a strong ability to bypass AP sites and continue the DNA synthesis reaction, which is called translesion synthesis (TLS) activity. To investigate the effect of the molecular structure of the AP site on the TLS efficiency of Dbh, a Y-family DNA polymerase from , a series of different AP site analogues (various spacers) are used to characterize the bypass efficiency.

Single-Cell Transcriptome Profiling Signatures and Alterations of Microglia Associated With Glioblastoma Associate Microglia Contribution to Tumor Formation.

Glioblastoma (GBM), which occasionally occurs in pediatric patients, is the most common tumor of the central nervous system in adults. Clinically, GBM is classified as low-grade to high-grade (from 1 to 4) and is characterized by late discovery, limited effective treatment methods, and poor efficacy. With the development of immunotherapy technology, effective GBM treatment strategies are of great significance.

Unveiling the role of dissolved organic matter on phosphorus sorption and availability in a 5-year manure amended paddy soil.

Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an active component of organic manure that is widely used in agroecosystems to increase nutrient availability and consequently enhance crop yields. However, the ways in which soil DOM characteristics are influenced by organic manure and how it contributes to crop yield and soil P availability remains unclear. Here, we conducted a 5-year field experiment and demonstrated that partial replacement of chemical P fertilizer with swine manure could maintain high rice yield and soil available P levels and increase P fertilizer use efficiency (PUE) in comparison to chemical fertilization, even when the total P input was reduced.

Remediation of petroleum hydrocarbons-contaminated soil: Analysis based on Chinese patents.

Increasing soil petroleum hydrocarbons (PHs) pollution have caused world-wide concerns. The removal of PHs from soils mainly involves physical, chemical, biological processes and their combinations. To date, most reviews in this field based on research articles, but limited papers focused on the integration of remediation technologies from the perspective of patents.