Renal function and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: the potential mediating role of carnitine metabolites.

Context: Renal function may play a crucial role in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, prospective studies on this topic are scarce and the mechanisms remain unclear.

Objective: To assess the associations of early-pregnancy renal function with GDM and the mediating role of carnitine metabolites.

Acupuncture as an Adjunct to Lifestyle Interventions for Weight Loss in Simple Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture as an adjunct to lifestyle interventions on weight loss in simple obesity.

Methods: Potentially eligible studies that assessed anthropometric outcomes as well as glucose and lipid metabolism following acupuncture combined with lifestyle interventions in simple obesity patients were searched from eight databases from inception to October 2023. All analyses were performed using the Review Manager software v5.

Acupuncture for obesity：study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Obesity is a major public health issue in China and around the world. While acupuncture is often used in clinical practice, there is a lack of conclusive evidence for its weight-loss effect. Thus we will conduct a parallel, randomised, sham-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for treating obesity.

Gut antibiotic resistome during pregnancy associates with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: New evidence from a prospective nested case-control study.

Antibiotic resistome has emerged as a global threat to public health. However, gestational antibiotic resistome and potential link with adverse pregnancy outcomes remains poorly understood. Our study reports for the first time an association between gut antibiotic resistome during early pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on a prospective nested case-control cohort including 120 cases and 120 matched controls.

Relationship between first trimester physical activity and premature rupture of membranes: a birth cohort study in Chinese women.

Objective: This study aimed to examine prospective associations of different intensity levels and types of physical activity (PA) in early pregnancy with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) among Chinese pregnant women.

Methods: A total of 6284 pregnant women were included from the Tongji-Shuangliu Birth Cohort. Household/caregiving, occupational, sports/exercise and transportation activities during early pregnancy were investigated by the pregnancy physical activity questionnaire (PPAQ), and the diagnosis of PROM was ascertained during the whole pregnancy.

Association of trajectories and cumulative exposure of antenatal depression with high birth weight.

Background: Inconsistent associations between antenatal depression and fetal birth weight were reported previously, and little is known about the dynamic changes and long-term cumulative effect of antenatal depression during pregnancy.

Methods: Participants were from the Tongji-Huaxi-Shuangliu Birth Cohort. Depressive symptoms were measured using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale in early, middle, and late pregnancy respectively.

Association of cardiovascular health metrics with all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in chronic kidney disease: A cohort study.

Background And Aims: Since the global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising rapidly, the study aimed to assess the association of cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality among individuals with CKD.

Methods And Results: The cohort study included 5834 participants with CKD from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2018. A composite CVH score was calculated based on smoking status, physical activity, body mass index, blood pressure, total cholesterol, diet quality, and glucose control.

Blood Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Apolipoproteins With Risk of Coronary Heart Disease: A Prospective Study Among Racially Diverse Populations.

Background: Comprehensive blood lipoprotein profiles and their association with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) among racially and geographically diverse populations remain understudied.

Methods And Results: We conducted nested case-control studies of CHD among 3438 individuals (1719 pairs), including 1084 White Americans (542 pairs), 1244 Black Americans (622 pairs), and 1110 Chinese adults (555 pairs). We examined 36 plasma lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins, measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, with incident CHD among all participants and subgroups by demographics, lifestyle, and metabolic health status using conditional or unconditional logistic regression adjusted for potential confounders.

Landscape of the gut mycobiome dynamics during pregnancy and its relationship with host metabolism and pregnancy health.

Objective: The remodelling of gut mycobiome (ie, fungi) during pregnancy and its potential influence on host metabolism and pregnancy health remains largely unexplored. Here, we aim to examine the characteristics of gut fungi in pregnant women, and reveal the associations between gut mycobiome, host metabolome and pregnancy health.

Design: Based on a prospective birth cohort in central China (2017 to 2020): Tongji-Huaxi-Shuangliu Birth Cohort, we included 4800 participants who had available ITS2 sequencing data, dietary information and clinical records during their pregnancy.

Association between nighttime sleep duration, midday napping, and sleep quality during early pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study in China.

Aim: To evaluate the prospective associations of nighttime sleep duration, midday napping, and sleep quality during early pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk among Chinese pregnant women.

Methods: Sleep-related information was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in baseline surveys during the 6-15 (mean 10.3) gestational weeks.

Cost-Effectiveness of a Workplace-Based Hypertension Management Program in Real-World Practice in the Kailuan Study.

Background: In 2009, a workplace-based hypertension management program was launched among men with hypertension in the Kailuan study. This program involved monitoring blood pressure semimonthly, providing free antihypertensive medications, and offering personalized health consultations. However, the cost-effectiveness of this program remains unclear.

Association between Biomarkers of Phthalate Exposure and Serum Folate Concentrations in Children: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study of the NHANES from 2011 to 2016.

Background: Although adverse health effects of phthalates have been reported, very few studies have assessed the associations between biomarkers of phthalate exposure and serum folate concentrations in children.

Objectives: We aimed to examine the association between urinary phthalate metabolites, as biomarkers of exposure to phthalates, and total serum folate concentrations in children using national data from the United States.

Methods: We conducted cross-sectional analyses of 2100 individuals aged 6-18 y enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2016.

Exposure to Trihalomethanes and Bone Mineral Density in US Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Study (NHANES).

Animal and human studies have suggested that trihalomethane (THM) has toxicity to bone. In this study, we included adolescents from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey who had quantified blood and tap water THM concentrations [chloroform (TCM), bromodichloromethane (BDCM), dibromochloromethane (DBCM), and bromoform (TBM)] and lumbar spine or total body less head (TBLH) bone mineral density (BMD). A 2.

Sex-specific associations between skeletal muscle mass and incident diabetes: A population-based cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the sex-specific associations between predicted skeletal muscle mass index (pSMI) and incident type 2 diabetes in a retrospective longitudinal cohort of Chinese men and women.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled Chinese adults without diabetes at baseline from WATCH (West chinA adulT health CoHort), a large health check-up-based database. We calculated pSMI to estimate skeletal muscular mass, and measured blood glucose variables and assessed self-reported history to identify new-onset diabetes.

Effects of Sample Dilution on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Derived Metabolic Profiles of Human Urine.

Traditionally, a relatively big urine volume (e.g., 500 μL) is used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based human metabolomics, which is not feasible for studies with limited/precious samples.

Metal Exposure during Early Pregnancy and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Mixture Effect and Mediation by Phospholipid Fatty Acids.

Despite existing studies exploring the association between metal exposure and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), most of them have focused on a single metal or a small mixture of metals. Our prospective work investigated the joint and independent effects of early gestational exposure to 17 essential and nonessential metals on the GDM risk and potential mediation by plasma phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) based on a nested case-control study established with 335 GDM cases and 670 randomly matched healthy controls. The Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) and quantile g-computation analyses demonstrated a joint effect from metal co-exposure on GDM risk.

Target Exposome for Characterizing Early Gestational Exposure to Contaminants of Emerging Concern and Association with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Characterization of gestational exposure to complex contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) is critical to the identification of environmental risk factors for pregnancy complications. However, determination of various CECs with diverse physicochemical properties in biological fluids is technically challenging. In the present study, we developed a target exposome protocol, consisting of simple liquid-liquid extraction-based sample preparation and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, to determine 325 CECs covering 11 subclasses, including poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances, organophosphate esters, ultraviolet (UV) stabilizers, synthetic antioxidants, phthalate esters, and several others.

Consumption of ultra-processed foods and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the Southern Community Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: Higher intake of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has been linked with higher risks of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, as well as all-cause mortality. However, studies on UPF and cause-specific mortality remain limited, especially among disadvantaged populations. We aimed to examine associations of UPF intake with all-cause and cause-specific mortality among low-income Americans.

Blood Cell Parameters From Early to Middle Pregnancy and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

Context: Chronic low-grade inflammation may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, prospective studies on the relations of inflammatory blood cell parameters during pregnancy with GDM are lacking.

Objective: To prospectively investigate the associations of inflammatory blood cell parameters in both early and middle pregnancy, and their change patterns from early to middle pregnancy, with GDM risk.

Combined healthy lifestyle in early pregnancy and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: To examine the association of a combined healthy lifestyle in early pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk.

Design, Setting And Population: A Chinese prospective cohort study with 6980 pregnant women.

Methods: Individual modifiable lifestyle factors were assessed in early pregnancy and a combined lifestyle score was derived from the sum of the lifestyle factors, with a higher score indicating a healthier lifestyle.

High quality diet attenuated the positive association between polychlorinated biphenyls and premature mortality among middle-aged and older adults.

Objective: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been reported to be a risk factor for premature death, while a high diet quality is thought to lower mortality risk. We aimed to examine whether PCBs were associated with higher all-cause and cause-specific mortality risk and whether such associations could be modified by the diet quality among US middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: Included were 1259 participants aged 40 years or older from the 1999-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination surveys.