Closer adult child-parent relations the stronger the vaccine hesitancy: A cross-sectional study of adult Children's attitudes toward pneumococcal vaccination of elderly parents and its determinants in Guangzhou, China.

Pneumococcal disease (PD) has a serious effect on older people aged 60 years and above. However, pneumococcal vaccination rates for older people in China remain low. This study aimed to explore adult children's perspectives on the vaccination of their parents and to examine the determinants of vaccine hesitancy.

The work challenges faced by primary healthcare workers in Guangzhou during the COVID-19 pandemic prevention and control period of 2021-2022: a qualitative study.

Background: Primary healthcare workers in China were vital in controlling COVID-19, facing unprecedented challenges due to the pandemic's suddenness and transmissibility. This paper analyzed their work in Guangzhou, highlighting key difficulties in past epidemic control efforts.

Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with selected primary healthcare workers in Guangzhou City and audio-recorded until saturation of themes was reached.

Unraveling the drivers of inequality in primary health-care resource distribution: Evidence from Guangzhou, China.

Background: Primary health-care (PHC) resource plays a critical role in addressing challenges related to healthcare accessibility and costs, as well as implementing a graded diagnosis and treatment system. This study aims to analyze the extent and components of inequality in PHC resource allocation in Guangzhou.

Methods: By utilizing data from the Annual Report on Healthcare Institutions for community and township health centers in Guangzhou from 2012 to 2020, this paper analyses the distribution of human, material and financial resources.

Job burnout and its influencing factors among primary healthcare workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in Guangzhou, China, 2021-2022: from the perspective of institutional operation and management.

Background: The purpose of this study was to explore the job burnout of primary healthcare workers in Guangzhou during the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic and its influencing factors from the perspective of institutional operation and management in 2021-2022.

Methods: A cross-sectional study involved 866 primary healthcare workers from different districts of Guangzhou, China. The Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS) was utilized to assess job burnout.

Modulation of Charge Transport from Two-Dimensional Perovskites to Industrial Charge Transport Layers by the Organic Spacer-Dependent Exciton-Phonon Interactions.

In the past decade, two-dimensional (2D) perovskite surface treatment has emerged as a promising strategy to improve the performance of three-dimensional (3D) perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, systematic studies on the impact of organic spacers of 2D perovskites on charge transport in 2D/3D PSCs are still lacking. Here, using 2D perovskite film/C heterostructures with different organic spacers [butylamine (BA), phenylethylamine (PEA), and 3-fluorophenethylamine (m-F-PEA)], we systematically investigated the carrier diffusion and interfacial transfer process.

"Low-risk groups" deserve more attention than "high-risk groups" in imported COVID-19 cases.

Objective: To estimate the optimal quarantine period for inbound travelers and identify key risk factors to provide scientific reference for emerging infectious diseases.

Methods: A parametric survival analysis model was used to calculate the time interval between entry and first positive nucleic acid test of imported cases in Guangzhou, to identify the influencing factors. And the COVID-19 epidemic risk prediction model based on multiple risk factors among inbound travelers was constructed.

Insufficient epitope-specific T cell clones are responsible for impaired cellular immunity to inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in older adults.

Aging is a critical risk factor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine efficacy. The immune responses to inactivated vaccine for older adults, and the underlying mechanisms of potential differences to young adults, are still unclear. Here we show that neutralizing antibody production by older adults took a longer time to reach similar levels in young adults after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

Challenges of epidemiological investigation work in the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study of the epidemiology workforce in Guangdong Province, China.

Objectives: This study sought to identify the epidemiological investigation challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic and offer insights into the underlying issues.

Design: An exploratory qualitative study used thematic analysis of semistructured and in-depth individual interviews.

Setting: This study was conducted in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Guangdong Province.

Identification of the prognostic, diagnostic, and biological significance of the miR-148a-3p/cathepsin A axis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

A comprehensive analysis of the prognostic, diagnostic, and biological significance of miR-148a-3p and cathepsin A (CTSA) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was performed using bioinformatics algorithms with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. miR-148a-3p and CTSA gene expression in HCC tissues and nontumor specimens was analyzed using TCGA database with R software. CTSA staining analysis was validated using the Human Protein Atlas database.

SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.1.7 caused HLA-A2 CD8 T cell epitope mutations for impaired cellular immune response.

Here, we evaluated the immune properties of the HLA-A2 restricted CD8 T cell epitopes containing mutations from B.1.1.

CD8 T-Cell Epitope Variations Suggest a Potential Antigen HLA-A2 Binding Deficiency for Spike Protein of SARS-CoV-2.

We identified SARS-CoV-2 specific antigen epitopes by HLA-A2 binding affinity analysis and characterized their ability to activate T cells. As the pandemic continues, variations in SARS-CoV-2 virus strains have been found in many countries. In this study, we directly assess the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 epitope variants.

Vaccine hesitancy among parents and its influencing factors: a cross-sectional study in Guangzhou, China.

Vaccine hesitancy is a major obstacle to the achievement of universal child vaccination, which has been studied extensively in Western countries but much less so in Asian countries, especially China. This cross-sectional survey is aimed to assess the prevalence of vaccine hesitancy and to explore the reasons for vaccine hesitancy among parents in Guangzhou. In January 2020, a questionnaire adapted to the Chinese setting from a widely-used hesitancy scale was administered to a sample of parents who brought their children aged <13 years to Community Health Service Centers for vaccination in Guangzhou.

Rapid detection of sulfamethazine and ofloxacin residues in duck meat using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with chemometric methods.

Rapid detection of antibiotic residues in duck meat is of great significance for strengthening food safety and quality supervision of duck meat and fighting against inferior products in the duck meat market. The objective of the current paper was to evaluate the potential of synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) coupled with chemometric methods for the rapid detection of sulfamethazine (SM2) and ofloxacin (OFL) residues in duck meat.The SFS spectral data from duck meat containing different concentrations of SM2 and OFL were preprocessed by baseline offset.

Mahjong Playing and Leisure Physical Activity Alleviate Cognitive Symptoms in Older Community Residents.

Leisure activities, particularly physically and cognitively stimulating leisure activities, mitigate cognitive decline. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between mahjong playing, leisure physical activity, and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Older adults with and without MCI were recruited (n = 489, healthy group; and n = 187, MCI group).

Development and Implementation of Couple-Based Collaborative Management Model of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for Community-Dwelling Chinese Older Adults: A Pilot Randomized Trial.

To mobilize family's positive involvement in improving and sustaining self-management activities of older adults with diabetes, we developed a couple-based collaborative management model (CCMM) for community-dwelling older Chinese. The model was developed stepwise through applying theoretical models, interviewing older couples and community healthcare workers, as well as incorporating expert reviews. A 3-month pilot study was conducted to test the model's feasibility and its treatment effects by linear regression on 18 pairs of older couples aged 60 years+, who were equally divided into a couple-based intervention arm and a patient-only control arm.

FXYD6 overexpression in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma with cirrhosis.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator 6 (FXYD6) mRNA and protein in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues with cirrhosis, the corresponding paracancerous tissues and the normal liver tissues, and to explore the clinical significance of FXYD6 expression in HBV-related HCC with cirrhosis.

Methods: The FXYD6 mRNA and protein were examined by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, respectively.

Results: The FXYD6 mRNA in HBV-related HCC tissues was significantly higher than that in the cirrhosis tissues or that in the normal liver tissues.

Executive Control, Alerting, Updating, and Falls in Cognitively Healthy Older Adults.

Background: Cognitive impairment represents a risk factor for falls in older adults. However, cognition is a complex construct comprising several functional domains. The relationship between specific cognitive domain and falls in cognitively healthy older adults is unclear.

Knockdown of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 inhibited proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and suppressed MAPK signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells.

Pancreatic cancer (PC), highly malignant, is one of the most lethal cancers. Interferon-induced transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) has recently been regarded as a new molecular marker in human cancers. However, the role of IFITM1 in PC remains unclear.

Couple-based collaborative management model of type 2 diabetes mellitus for community-dwelling older adults in China: protocol for a hybrid type 1 randomized controlled trial.

Background: China's limited health care resources cannot meet the needs of chronic disease treatment and management of its rapid growing ageing population. The improvement and maintenance of patient's self-management is essential to disease management. Given disease management mainly occurs in the context of family, this study proposes to validate a Couple-based Collaborative Management Model of chronic diseases that integrates health professionals and family supporters; such as to empower the couples with disease management knowledge and skills, and to improve the couples' health and quality of life.

Examining income-related inequality in health literacy and health-information seeking among urban population in China.

Background: Health literacy and health-information seeking behaviour (HISB) play vital roles in health outcome improvements. This study examines the extent of income-related inequality in health literacy and health-information seeking as well as the contributions of the main socioeconomic determinants in China.

Methods: We analysed representative data of participants aged over 18 years as well as older adults from the Guangzhou Community Health Survey.

The Risk of Hypertension Doubles Every 10 Years in China: Age, Period, and Birth Cohort Effects on the Prevalence of Hypertension From 2004 to 2013.

Background: Hypertension is a growing problem worldwide and can often result in a variety of negative health outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of age at diagnosis, calendar period, and birth cohort on the change in the prevalence rate of hypertension in Guangzhou from 2004 to 2013.

Methods: We used data from the Guangzhou Community Health Survey, a population-based study designed by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the PRC every 5 years.

Analysis of Diethylstilbestrol Residues in Chicken Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Coupled with Multivariate Analysis.

Estrogen residues, including diethylstilbestrol in chicken, are one of the main food safety concerns all over the world owing to a series of negative effects on the human body. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with multivariate analysis was applied to detect rapidly diethylstilbestrol residues in chicken. The detection conditions, including the sizes of colloidal gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and the additional amounts of Au NPs, chicken extract containing diethylstilbestrol, and magnesium sulfate solution, as well as the adsorption time, were optimized by a single factor experiment to obtain a better detection effect of diethylstilbestrol residues in chicken.

HIV-related stigma and discrimination amongst healthcare providers in Guangzhou, China.

Background: HIV-related discrimination amongst healthcare providers is one of the strongest obstacles to effectively responding to HIV. This study was conducted to explore the occurrence of and other factors related to discrimination against people living with HIV/AIDS amongst healthcare providers in Guangzhou, China.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, conducted between July and October 2016, that enrolled healthcare providers from 9 healthcare institutions in Guangzhou, China.

Trends and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Residents Aged ≥15 Years in Guangzhou, China, 2004-2013.

Background: We aimed to describe the trends and associated factors of hypertension among residents aged ≥15 yr in Guangzhou, China.

Methods: Three standardized cross-sectional health surveys were conducted in 2004, 2009 and 2013 using a multi-stage cluster sampling method, and a total of 69128 qualified participants were included in the study. The data were obtained through physical health examination and questionnaire survey.

Time-Dependent Changes in Increased Levels of Plasma Irisin and Muscle PGC-1α and FNDC5 after Exercise in Mice.

Exercise induces the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1-α (PGC-1α) in skeletal muscle, which promotes the cleavage of fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5 (FNDC5) to irisin. To explore the relationship between irisin and its regulators, we analyzed the plasma irisin levels and the muscle levels of FNDC5 and PGC-1α after exercise. Male C57BL/6J mice underwent a treadmill exercise (60% of VO) for 30 min or one hour (h), and blood and gastrocnemius samples were collected before exercise (pre-exercise), immediately after exercise, and during 24-h recovery after 1-h exercise.