An Improved Passive Shimming Design Method For Superconducting MRI Based On Distribution Density.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a non invasive medical diagnostic technology which has been widely used in clinical medical diagnosis. Its imaging quality requires extremely high homogeneity of the main magnet. In this paper, focused on the passive shimming technology for superconducting MRI systems, we proposed a rapid spherical harmonic coefficient calculation method based on completely associated legendre functions.

Evaluation of EEG and MEG responses during Fine Motor Imagery from the same limb.

Motor imagery (MI) is an important brain-computer interface (BCI) paradigm. BCI systems based on fine MI can provide an intuitive control pathway of the outer device. Electroencephalography (EEG) is a widely used modality for MI due to its high temporal resolution and portability.

Low-Rank Constrained Reacquired-Navigator Reconstruction of multi-shot DWI.

The Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) requires additional acquisition of phase correction data and parallel imaging prescan data to respectively suppress artifacts caused by odd-even echo errors and motion-induced phase errors. In this study, we propose subtle modifications to the widely used spin-echo DW sequence, wherein an additional 180° radiofrequency refocusing pulse is applied after the completion of image echoes to acquire fully sampled navigator-echo data. Our proposed approach draws parallels with the dual spin-echo DW technique.

A fast co-registration scheme between camera and MRI for MRI-guided surgery.

The co-registration between an optical tracker and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) space is an indispensable step for MRI-guided surgery. In this study, with a focus on RGB cameras as the tracker, we introduce an innovative co-registration scheme for tracker-to-MRI integration. Firstly, we design a cube-shaped registration model that is equipped with an ArUco marker on its exterior for RGB camera detection and houses four water blobs inside for MRI calibration.

Investigating Internal Dynamics in Monkey's Primary Motor Cortex during Reaching.

Neural dynamics are processes that describe how neurons in the brain change their activities through time in a coordinated manner. In motor control, neural dynamics, governed by both local dynamics of the motor cortex as well as inputs from other brain regions, drive the population neural state to evolve from an initial value. A notable feature is the emergence of rotation-like dynamics in neural state space.

Coupling Water Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction for Photocatalytic HO Production over ZnInS/UiO66-NH Heterojunctions via Dual Channel Pathways.

Artificial photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide (HO) from oxygen and water is a promising approach for converting low-density solar energy into versatile chemical energy. However, the generation of HO through a single-channel oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is prevalent, while the water oxidation reaction (WOR) is frequently neglected. Herein, we constructed Z-scheme ZnInS/UiO66-NH (ZIS/UNH) heterojunctions, integrating the ORR and WOR dual pathways for photocatalytic HO generation without noble cocatalysts and sacrificial agents.

Regulation of cancer-associated fibroblasts for enhanced cancer immunotherapy using advanced functional nanomedicines: an updated review.

The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that plays a critical role in cancer progression. It comprises various cell types, including immune cells, tumor cells, and stromal cells. Among these, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) represent a heterogeneous population with diverse origins, phenotypes, and functions.

Decoding dengue's neurological assault: insights from single-cell CNS analysis in an immunocompromised mouse model.

Background: Dengue encephalitis, a severe neurological complication of dengue virus infection, is increasingly recognized for its rising incidence and significant public health burden. Despite its growing prevalence, the underlying mechanisms and effective therapeutic strategies remain poorly understood.

Methods: Cellular atlas of dengue encephalitis was determined by single-nucleus RNA sequencing.

Development of model for identifying homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) status of ovarian cancer with deep learning on whole slide images.

Background: Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) refers to the dysfunction of homologous recombination repair (HRR) at the cellular level. The assessment of HRD status has the important significance for the formulation of treatment plans, efficacy evaluation, and prognosis prediction of patients with ovarian cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to construct a deep learning-based classifier for identifying tumor regions from whole slide images (WSIs) and stratify the HRD status of patients with ovarian cancer (OC).

Gut microbiota, immune cell, colorectal cancer association mediators: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: There have been previously reported associations between the gut microbiota, immune cells, and colorectal cancer; however, the specific mechanisms underlying these relationships remain largely unexplored and require further research. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to unravel the interactions between the gut microbiota, immune cells, and colorectal cancer.

Methods: The analysis used genome-wide association study (GWAS) data encompassing 207 microbial taxa and 205 functional pathways and data on 731 immune cell phenotypes.

YY1/HIF-1α/mROS positive-feedback loop exacerbates glomerular mesangial cell proliferation in mouse early diabetic kidney disease.

Mesangial cells (MCs) are the most active intrinsic cells in the glomerulus. MCs excessively proliferate at the early stage of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), eventually causing glomerular sclerosis and even renal failure; inhibiting glomerular MC proliferation in early DKD is a promising prevention and treatment strategy for early DKD. Our previous study shows that Yin Yang 1 (YY1), a zinc finger protein, is a novel regulator of DKD-induced renal fibrosis.

Study on lightweight strategies for L-YOLO algorithm in road object detection.

With the increasing complexity of urban traffic, object detection has become critical in autonomous driving and intelligent traffic management. The demand for real-time, efficient object detection systems is growing. However, traditional algorithms often suffer from large parameter sizes and high computational costs, limiting their applicability in resource-constrained environments.

Thrombectomy in Stroke Patients with Large Vessel Occlusion and Mild Symptoms: Insights from a Multicenter Observational Study.

To evaluate whether endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) combined with best medical management (BMM) is more effective than BMM alone in treating mild stroke patients (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score < 6) with large vessel occlusion (LVO). A multicentric retrospective cohort of patients with LVO and mild stroke within 24 h from symptom onset was included. Patients were divided into the primary EVT (EVT) group and the primary BMM (BMM) group according to the treatment strategy.

Enhanced immobilization of Cd(II) by successive isomorphic substitution with Ca(II) and Mg(II) from ternary layered double hydroxides.

The challenge with calcium-containing layered double hydroxides (LDHs) for stabilizing Cd(II) lies in the poor release of Ca(II) into solution, which is crucial for isomorphic substitution with Cd(II). To overcome this, we developed a ternary CaMgAl-LDH (OLDH) that enhances cation release and creates more vacant sites for Cd(II). Our findings reveal that OLDH has a significantly higher Cd(II) immobilizing capacity of 5.

Xin-Fu-Kang oral liquid mitigates chronic heart failure through NR4A1-Dependent regulation of endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondrial crosstalk in Cardiomyocytes.

Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is the terminus of a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Xin-Fu-Kang oral liquid (XFK), a natural herbal compound, has been used in CHF treatment for decades. However, further investigation is required to elucidate the fundamental mechanisms.

The effectiveness of immersive virtual reality on the psychology of older adults: A systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The increasing prevalence of psychological issues among older adults is a significant public health concern. Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) is being investigated and tested as a potential intervention tool for addressing these issues.

Objective: This review aims to assess the effectiveness of IVR devices in enhancing the psychological well-being of older adults.

The role of cardiovascular health in the associations between insulin resistance, future cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality.

Background: Whether cardiovascular health (CVH) modifies the associations between insulin resistance (IR) and prognosis remains unclear. This study aims to evaluate the varying relationships between IR, future cardiovascular disease (CVD), and all-cause mortality across different CVH statuses.

Methods: This was a nationwide cohort study using data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey.

Prophylactic antibiotic use is associated with better clinical outcomes in gastric cancer patients receiving immunotherapy.

Background: The relationship between antibiotic treatment and immunotherapy efficacy is complex.

Methods: This study was a single-center study. History of antibiotic use in gastric cancer (GC) patients within 1 or 3 months prior to immunotherapy was collected.

Evolution of sarcopenia status and risk of incident cardiovascular disease.

Aims: Sarcopenia is an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, previous studies did not take into consideration the cardiovascular impact of the changes in sarcopenia status. We investigated the relationship between changes in sarcopenia status and incident CVD.

Greatly Enhancing the Stability and Reversibility of Zn Electrode in the Alkaline Electrolyte by Introducing Lauryl Phosphate Potassium.

Alkaline Zn batteries are currently among the most important energy storage technologies due to their low cost, safety, and high energy density. However, the storage lifespan and reversibility of these batteries are severely restricted by the side reactions of the Zn electrode in the alkaline electrolytes, such as hydrogen evolution, self-corrosion, and uneven Zn deposition. This work addresses these issues by introducing lauryl phosphate potassium (PLP) into the alkaline electrolyte and forming a protective layer adsorbed onto the Zn surface.

Ultrasensitive Homogeneous Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor for -Nitrosodimethylamine Detection Based on Vertically-Ordered Mesoporous Silica Film-Modified Electrode and CRISPR/Cas12a-Driven HRCA with Triple Signal Amplification.

Herein, we present an innovative electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensor for the ultrasensitive detection of -nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA). The biosensor utilizes a triple signal amplification strategy, combining rolling circle amplification (RCA), CRISPR/Cas12a-driven hyperbranched rolling circle amplification (HRCA), and electrostatic repulsion with size exclusion effects from vertically ordered mesoporous silica film (VMSF)/indium tin oxide (ITO) on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)-Ru(phen) complexes. In this system, aptamers and circular DNA undergo RCA reactions, followed by the CRISPR/Cas12a-mediated HRCA process, producing abundant dsDNA.

Multiomics analysis provides insights into musk secretion in muskrat and musk deer.

Background: Musk, secreted by the musk gland of adult male musk-secreting mammals, holds significant pharmaceutical and cosmetic potential. However, understanding the molecular mechanisms of musk secretion remains limited, largely due to the lack of comprehensive multiomics analyses and available platforms for relevant species, such as muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus Linnaeus) and Chinese forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii Flerov).

Results: We generated chromosome-level genome assemblies for the 2 species of muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus Linnaeus) and musk deer (Moschus berezovskii Flerov), along with 168 transcriptomes from various muskrat tissues.

Frontiers and Controversies in De Novo Gastrointestinal Tumors After Organ Transplantation: Current Progress and Future Directions.

The increasing success of organ transplantation has significantly improved survival for patients with end-stage diseases, yet it introduces a complex dilemma: the elevated risk for the development of de novo gastrointestinal (GI) tumors. The sustained immunosuppression required to maintain graft function paradoxically undermines the body's natural defenses against cancer, leading to a higher incidence, aggressive progression, and atypical presentations of GI tumors among transplant recipients compared with the general population. This presents a pressing challenge: balancing the dual imperatives of preventing graft rejection and effectively managing malignancies.

Structure-function insights of natural Ganoderma polysaccharides: advances in biosynthesis and functional food applications.

Ganoderma polysaccharides (GPs), derived from various species of the Ganoderma genus, exhibit diverse bioactivities, including immune modulation, anti-tumor effects, and gut microbiota regulation. These properties position GPs as dual-purpose agents for medicinal and functional food development. This review comprehensively explores the structural complexity of six key GPs and their specific mechanisms of action, such as TLR signaling in immune modulation, apoptosis pathways in anti-tumor activity, and their prebiotic effects on gut microbiota.