Application of visual feedback and AR-enhanced wheelchair skill training.

Purpose: Manual wheelchair users with spinal cord injury (SCI) face challenges in wheelchair skill training (WSTr) due to the complexity of learning advanced skills and limited access to rehabilitation services. This review aims to summarize existing WSTr methods for individuals with SCI/disabilities and propose the use of Augmented Reality (AR)-enhanced Immediate Visual Feedback (ARe-IVF) learning modules for wheelie and curbing skill training.

Methods: The proposed ARe-IVF learning modules will incorporate AR-enhanced visual feedback, allowing users to visualize spatial and temporal aspects of wheelchair skills and assess their performance through computer vision technology.

Relationship Between Shoulder Pain and Joint Reaction Forces and Muscle Moments During 2 Speeds of Wheelchair Propulsion.

The purpose of this study was to determine shoulder joint reaction forces and muscle moments during 2 speeds (1.3 and 2.2 m/s) of wheelchair propulsion and to investigate the relationship between joints reaction forces, muscle moments, and shoulder pain.

Wheelchair Tai Chi Ball Exercise for Improving Neuromuscular Functions of Older Adults With Disability.

The purposes of this perspective article were to summarize Wheelchair or Seated Tai Chi studies related to neuromuscular functions of older adults with disability; to describe the development of Wheelchair Tai Chi Ball (WTCB) exercise - a concept to combine mind-body exercise with strength training; and to propose a new Telehealth WTCB exercise for improving neuromuscular functions of old adults with spinal cord injury (SCI) and disability. With reference to neuromuscular functions, WTC intervention may have positive effects on simple reaction time, range of motion at the shoulder and trunk, static and dynamic sitting balance, handgrip strength, vagal activity, and sympathetic activity among older adults with disability. The developed WTCB intervention is a feasible and safe exercise which combines the mind-body exercise and strength conditioning into one exercise which possesses aerobic, stretching and strength trainings and may facilitate neuromuscular functions of older adults with disability.