Integration of machine learning and genome-wide association study to explore the genomic prediction accuracy of agronomic trait in oats (Avena sativa L.).

Machine learning (ML) has garnered significant attention for its potential to enhance the accuracy of genomic predictions (GPs) in various economic crops with the use of complete genomic information. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are widely used to pinpoint trait-related causal variant loci in genomes. However, the simultaneous integration of both methods for crop genome prediction necessitates further research.

Cascade Selenization Regulated the Electronic Structure and Interface Effect of Transition Metal Sulfides for Enhanced Sodium Storage.

The utilization of cobalt-based sulfides is constrained by their inherently low conductivity and slow sodium ion diffusion kinetics. Modifying the electronic configuration and constructing heterostructures are promising strategies to enhance intrinsic conductivity and expedite the sodium ion diffusion process. In this study, heterogeneous nanoparticles of Se-substituted CoS/CoSe, embedded within heteroatom-modified carbon nanosheet, were synthesized using metal molten salt-assisted dimensionality reduction alongside concurrent sulfurization and selenization techniques.

Prevalence and influencing factors of skin tears in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To systematically evaluate the prevalence and influencing factors of skin tears in older adults.

Methods: The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, PubMed, CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, and CBM databases were searched to collect studies related to the prevalence and influencing factors of skin tears in older adults, and the search period was from inception to October 29, 2024. The examined literature was independently screened, data extracted, and evaluated for risk of bias, and the meta-analysis was performed using Stata17.

Late-Stage Tailoring Steps in the Biosynthesis of β-Rubromycin Involve Successive Terminal Oxidations, a Selective Hydroxyl Reduction, and Distinctive O-Methylations.

β-Rubromycin () has a unique O-methylated naphthoquinone moiety and is an efficient inhibitor of human telomerase. Through and investigations, we elucidated the biosynthetic tailoring steps of compound , which involve the carboxyl terminal via successive oxidizations by RubU and RubO1/RubO2, O-methylation of the carboxyl terminal by RubX, and reduction of C-3' hydroxyl by RubK. The final tautomerization of the naphthoquinone moiety is mediated by RubO, which anchors the transitional intermediate through O-methylation to form the naphthoquinone tautomer.

A general temperature-guided language model to design proteins of enhanced stability and activity.

Designing protein mutants with both high stability and activity is a critical yet challenging task in protein engineering. Here, we introduce PRIME, a deep learning model, which can suggest protein mutants with improved stability and activity without any prior experimental mutagenesis data for the specified protein. Leveraging temperature-aware language modeling, PRIME demonstrated superior predictive ability compared to current state-of-the-art models on the public mutagenesis dataset across 283 protein assays.

Unconventional Heterobidentate Coordination of 4-Hydroxypyridine Leading to Remarkably Strong Second-Harmonic Generation in Zn(CHNO).

Herein, we report an unconventional heterobidentate coordination mode of conventional 4-hydroxypyridine ligand in a novel compound Zn(CHNO). The strong heterobidentate coordination interactions between Zn and 4-hydroxypyridine ligands promote a uniform alignment of the polarization of each [ZnON] tetrahedral building unit, resulting in remarkably strong second-harmonic generation (SHG) with an intensity that is the largest among all UV-transparent Zn-containing metal-organic compounds reaching 13.6×KDP.

Impact of Imperata Cylindrica polysaccharide on liver lipid metabolism disorders caused by hyperuricemia.

Elevated uric acid levels are associated with lipid metabolism disorders. The effects of Imperata cylindrica polysaccharide (ICPC-a) were explored using a hyperuricemia mouse model and a uric acid-induced HepG2 hepatocyte model. ICPC-a significantly improved total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein levels, and hepatic lipid deposition in hyperuricemia mice.

Airway epithelial cells promote in vitro airway smooth muscle cell proliferation by activating the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.

Asthma is a common chronic inflammatory airway disease, imposing a substantial health and economic burden on society and individuals. Current treatments primarily focus on symptom relief and lung function improvement, often failing to address the underlying pathology. Thus, exploring new therapeutic approaches is crucial.

FetusMapV2: Enhanced fetal pose estimation in 3D ultrasound.

Fetal pose estimation in 3D ultrasound (US) involves identifying a set of associated fetal anatomical landmarks. Its primary objective is to provide comprehensive information about the fetus through landmark connections, thus benefiting various critical applications, such as biometric measurements, plane localization, and fetal movement monitoring. However, accurately estimating the 3D fetal pose in US volume has several challenges, including poor image quality, limited GPU memory for tackling high dimensional data, symmetrical or ambiguous anatomical structures, and considerable variations in fetal poses.

SEMQuant: Extending Sipros-Ensemble with Match-Between-Runs for Comprehensive Quantitative Metaproteomics.

Metaproteomics, utilizing high-throughput LC-MS, offers a profound understanding of microbial communities. Quantitative metaproteomics further enriches this understanding by measuring relative protein abundance and revealing dynamic changes under different conditions. However, the challenge of missing peptide quantification persists in metaproteomics analysis, particularly in data-dependent acquisition mode, where high-intensity precursors for MS2 scans are selected.

Breaking Symmetry for SHG Response: Lanthanide Acetate Crystals via Water Molecule Regulation Strategy.

In the field of nonlinear optical (NLO) materials research, the design and synthesis of novel materials are crucial for advancing modern scientific and technological development. This study employs an innovative coordination strategy, building upon the existing structure of [Ln(CHCOO)(HO)]·4HO (Ln = Tb, Sm), to successfully synthesize a series of acetate rare-earth metal compounds [Ln(CHCOO)(HO)] [Ln = Tb(), Er(), Y()] by regulating the number of water molecules. This approach achieved a structural transition from centrosymmetric (CS) to noncentrosymmetric (NCS), endowing these compounds with significant nonlinear optical responses.

Factors contributing to organelle genomes size variation and the intracellular DNA transfer in Polygonaceae.

The use of complete organelle genomes, including chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes, is a powerful molecular method for studying biological evolution and gene transfer. However, in the case of Polygonaceae, an important family with numerous edible, medicinal, and ornamental species, the mitochondrial genomes of only three species have been sequenced and analyzed. In this study, we present the mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes of two important Tibetan medicinal plants, Bistorta viviparum and B.

Design and Fabrication of a C-Band Patch Antenna with Low Loss BaMSiO Microwave Dielectric Ceramics.

Single-phase BaMSiO (M = Yb, Er, Y, Ho) ceramics have been investigated for their crystal structures, microwave dielectric properties, flexural strength, and potential applications in dielectric antennas. Rietveld refinement and TEM analysis revealed that the BaMSiO ceramics exhibit a monoclinic structure (space groups: 2/). The ε of the BaMSiO ceramics was dominated by ionic polarizability and ρ.

Extensive transcriptome data providing great efficacy in genetic research and adaptive gene discovery: a case study of L. (Poaceae, Triticeae).

Genetic markers play a central role in understanding genetic diversity, speciation, evolutionary processes, and how species respond to environmental stresses. However, conventional molecular markers are less effective when studying polyploid species with large genomes. In this study, we compared gene expression levels in 101 accessions of , a widely distributed allotetraploid forage species across the Eurasian continent.

Facilitating integrative and personalized oncology omics analysis with UCSCXenaShiny.

The continuous generation of multi-omics and phenotype data is propelling advancements in precision oncology. UCSCXenaShiny was developed as an interactive tool for exploring thousands of cancer datasets available on UCSC Xena. However, its capacity for comprehensive and personalized pan-cancer data analysis is being challenged by the growing demands.

Exploring Evolutionary Pathways and Abiotic Stress Responses through Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of the Alternative Oxidase (AOX) Gene Family in Common Oat ().

The alternative oxidase (AOX), a common terminal oxidase in the electron transfer chain (ETC) of plants, plays a crucial role in stress resilience and plant growth and development. Oat (), an important crop with high nutritional value, has not been comprehensively studied regarding the AsAOX gene family. Therefore, this study explored the responses and potential functions of the AsAOX gene family to various abiotic stresses and their potential evolutionary pathways.

The molecular regulatory mechanism of reed canary grass under salt, waterlogging, and combined stress was analyzed by transcriptomic analysis.

Background: Reed canary grass has been identified as a suitable species for restoring plateau wetlands and understanding plant adaptation mechanisms in wetland environments. In this study, we subjected a reed canary grass cultivar 'Chuanxi' to waterlogging, salt, and combined stresses to investigate its phenotypic characteristics, physiological indices, and transcriptome changes under these conditions.

Results: The results revealed that the growth rate was slower under salt stress than under waterlogging stress.

TFCP2L1 drives stemness and enhances their resistance to Sorafenib treatment by modulating the NANOG/STAT3 pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a prevalent and aggressive malignancy associated with high risks of recurrence and metastasis. Liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) are increasingly recognized as pivotal drivers of these processes. In our previous research, we demonstrated the involvement of TFCP2L1 in maintaining the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells.

NHZn(HCNO): exceptionally strong second harmonic generation and ultra-long phosphorescence.

The discovery and designed synthesis of multifunctional materials is a leading pursuit in materials science. Herein, we report a novel hydro-isocyanurate, NHZn(HCNO), which combines strong second harmonic generation (SHG) and ultra-long room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP). The SHG intensity is the highest within the cyanurate system (13 × KDP), and RTP lifetime extends up to 448 ms, accompanied by a long-lasting afterglow visible to the naked eye for 1.