Effects of Different Processing on miRNA and Protein in Small Extracellular Vesicles of Goat Dairy Products.

Objectives: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanosized vesicles with biological activities that exist in milk, playing functional roles in immunity, gut balance, and the nervous system. Currently, little is known about the impact of processing on milk sEVs.

Methods: In this study, sEVs were collected from raw goat milk (g-sEV), pasteurized goat milk (pg-sEV), and goat milk powder (-sEV) using a sucrose cushion centrifugation combined with qEV chromatography.

Shark Cartilage-Derived Anti-Angiogenic Peptide Inhibits Corneal Neovascularization.

Corneal neovascularization is a significant cause of vision loss, often resulting in corneal clouding and chronic inflammation. Shark cartilage is widely recognized as a significant natural source of anti-angiogenic compounds. Our previous studies have shown that a polypeptide from white-spotted catshark ( Bonnet) has the potential to inhibit the angiogenesis of breast tumors.

Rationalization design, soluble expression and PEG modification of highly active recombinant human-porcine uricase mutant protein.

Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism in humans due to inactivation of the uricase determined by the mutated uricase gene. Uricase catalyzes the conversion of uric acid into water-soluble allantoin that is easily excreted by the kidneys. Hyperuricemia occurs when the serum concentration of uric acid exceeds its solubility (7 mg/dL).

l-Cysteine and barium titanate co-modified enteromorpha biochar as effective peroxymonosulfate activator for atrazine treatment.

In this study, pyrolysis and hydrothermal methods were used for Enteromorpha biochar that was co-modified with l-cysteine and barium titanate (LBCBa). It has great environmental tolerance and can remove 93.0 % of atrazine (ATZ, 10 mg·L) within 60 mins of ultrasonic treatment.

Revealing the synergistic effect between radical and non-radical species of sulfur-doped carbon nitride for ciprofloxacin removal: Based on density functional theory study.

The distinct characteristics of active species produced during the photocatalytic reaction can result in alterations in the degradation routes of organic pollutants with diverse chemical structures. The relationship between the active species and degradation pathways of organic pollutants lacks a direct experimental or characterization method, so in-depth research is still needed to understand the details of their interactions. In this study, sulfur-doped bulk carbon nitride (SBCN) was prepared based on bulk carbon nitride (BCN), and the process of S-doping enhancing the production of O1 was revealed.

Improved Production of Anti-FGF-2 Nanobody Using Pichia pastoris and Its Effect on Antiproliferation of Keratinocytes and Alleviation of Psoriasis.

Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) is not only an angiogenic factor, but also a mitogen for epidermal keratinocytes. FGF-2 has been shown to be positively immunoreactive in the basal layer of psoriatic lesions. In previous work, we used the Escherichia coli (E.

Piezoelectricity ameliorates high-valent iron oxo species production in peroxymonosulfate activation for refractory atrazine remediation.

Over the past few years, high-valent iron oxo species (Fe(IV)) have shown considerable promise. However, an improved solution is needed for the bottleneck of unsatisfactory electron transfer efficiency in Fe-based catalyst/PMS systems. In this study, Enteromorpha-derived biochar was pyrolyzed with iron and barium titanate (FeBCBa).

Internal electric fields drive dual S-scheme heterojunctions: Insights into the role of the triple interlaced lattice.

The internal electric field induced by the lattice interfaces in a heterojunction can facilitate charge transfer, thereby improving the photocatalytic performance. However, the details of the relationship between the lattice interfaces and the charge transfer mechanism in heterojunctions remain unclear. In this study, a BiWO/BiOCO/CN heterojunction (BBC) with an interlaced lattice was prepared, and the role of the interlaced lattice in charge transfer was revealed.

T cells expressing a HER2-specific chimeric antigen receptor as treatment for breast cancer.

Purpose: Human endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is a leucine kinase receptor that is closely related to cell growth and differentiation. It is very weakly expressed in a few epithelial cells in normal tissue. Abnormal expression of HER2 usually leads to sustained activation of downstream signaling pathways, enabling epithelial cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation; this disturbs normal physiological processes and causes tumor formation.

Assessing whether serum ceruloplasmin promotes non-alcoholic steatohepatitis via regulating iron metabolism.

Background: Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive form of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The diagnostic gold standard for detecting NASH still relies upon an invasive pathological biopsy. There is, therefore, a need to identify non-invasive diagnostic markers.

Twisty C-TiO /PCN S-Scheme Heterojunction with Enhanced n→π * Electronic Excitation for Promoted Piezo-Photocatalytic Effect.

Herein, a twisty C-TiO /PCN (CNT) Step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunction is fabricated and applied to degrade ciprofloxacin (CIP) with the assistance of ultrasonic vibration and visible light irradiation. The nitrogen-rich twisty polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) can not only induce a non-centrosymmetric structure with enhanced polarity for a better piezoelectric effect but also provide abundant lone pair electrons to promote n→π* transition during photocatalysis. Its hybridization with C-TiO particles can construct S-scheme heterojunction in CNT.

Recombinant Expression of Human IL-33 Protein and Its Effect on Skin Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice.

Chronic refractory wounds are one of the complications of diabetes mellitus that require effective therapy. The dermal-wound-healing property of IL-33 in diabetics is little understood. Therefore, this study aimed to express recombinant humanized mature IL-33 (rhmatIL-33) in BL21 (DE3) and demonstrate its efficacy on dermal wounds in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic and nondiabetic mice by the dorsal incisional skin wound model.

Multiscale modification of carbon nitride-based homojunction for enhanced photocatalytic atrazine decomposition.

Herein, PDI-g-CN/g-CN homojunction has been fabricated via the multiscale modification strategy to enhance photocatalytic atrazine degradation. The morphological scale modification was realized by multistep thermal condensation, where the released gas could act as templates to form the porous structure. The molecular scale modification was achieved by the pyromellitic diimide (PDI) decoration, which could distort the planar nanosheet to induce a porous structure and provide more chromophores for better light absorption.

αvβ3-targeted sEVs for efficient intracellular delivery of proteins using MFG-E8.

Background: Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are nanometer-sized membranous particles shed by many types of cells and can transfer a multitude of cargos between cells. Recent studies of sEVs have been focusing on their potential to be novel drug carriers due to natural composition and other promising characteristics. However, there are challenges in sEVs-based drug delivery, one of which is the inefficient loading of drugs into sEVs, especially for large biomolecules.

KdPT alleviates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin lesion in mice via inhibiting proliferation and inflammation response.

Psoriasis is a complex chronic skin inflammatory disease characterized by abnormal proliferation, differentiation of keratinocytes and infiltration of lymphocytes and neutrophils. The tripeptide KdPT, structurally derived from the C-terminal amino acid of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, has shown a significant anti-inflammatory effect on mild-to-moderate active ulcerative colitis in previous reports. In this research, we investigated whether KdPT could consistently ameliorate disease in a mouse model of imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis by inhibiting proliferation and inflammation response.

Ultrafast photodegradation of nitenpyram by Ag/AgPO/Zn-Al LDH composites activated by persulfate system: Removal efficiency, degradation pathway and reaction mechanism.

In this study, an investigation is conducted into the degradation of nitenpyram (NTP) using highly efficient APMMO/PDS/Vis system. As photocatalysts, silver phosphate (AP) and calcined Zn-Al layered double hydroxides (MMO) exhibit high efficiency in achieving charge separation. Besides, the injection of electrons into peroxydisulfate (PDS) from the APMMO can contribute to obtaining the species in the active state with higher efficiency.

Application of natural minerals in photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants: A review.

Photocatalysis is an effective, inexpensive and environmentally friendly technology for the decomposition of various aqueous organic pollutants and plays an increasingly critical role in the degradation of pollutants. Natural minerals are abundant natural resources on Earth and can be obtained directly from nature. Natural minerals are excellent photocatalyst carriers that are environmentally friendly, low in price, and will not cause secondary pollution to the environment.

Effects of dyslipidemia on E antigen seroconversion of patients with chronic hepatitis B treated by nucleoside (acid) analogs.

Background: The prevalence of dyslipidemia in China is increasing annually. Current studies suggest that dyslipidemia affects the antiviral efficacy of hepatitis C virus (HCV) therapies, while recent studies suggest that serum lipids influence the response rates of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving PEGylated interferon-alpha (Peg IFN-α) treatment. However, the role of dyslipidemia in the efficacy of nucleoside (acid) analogues (NAs) in CHB patients remains unclear.

Soluble expression of bioactive recombinant porcine-human chimeric uricase mutant employing MBP-SUMO fusion system.

Urate oxidase is a promising biological medicine for hyperuricemia treatment, but immunogenicity obstructs the development of its clinical application. The recombinant porcine-human chimeric uricase mutant named dHU-wPU is a humanized chimeric uricase based on wild porcine uricase (wPU), which can effectively reduce the limitation of potential immunogenicity with a high homology (92.76%) to deduced human uricase (dHU).

π-π stacking derived from graphene-like biochar/g-CN with tunable band structure for photocatalytic antibiotics degradation via peroxymonosulfate activation.

The severe pollution caused by antibiotics has raised serious concerns in recent decades. In this study, graphene-like Enteromorpha biochar modified g-CN (BC/CN) was synthesized and applied to degrade tetracycline by activating PMS under visible light, obtaining around 90% removal rate within 1 h. The Enteromorpha biochar can provide electron-withdrawing groups to adjust the electronic structure of g-CN, and induces more π-π interaction to decline the recombination of photocarriers.

An NK cell line (NK92-41BB) expressing high levels of granzyme is engineered to express the high affinity chimeric genes CD16/CAR.

Unlabelled: Natural killer (NK) cells are known to play a role in mediating innate immunity and have been implicated in mediating anti-tumor responses via antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) based on the reactivity of CD16 with the Fc region of human IgG1 antibodies. The NK-92 cell line, devoid of CD16 and derived from a lymphoma patient, has been well characterized. The adoptive transfer of irradiated NK-92 cells demonstrated safety and showed preliminary evidence of clinical benefit for cancer patients.

Magnetically modified in-situ N-doped Enteromorpha prolifera derived biochar for peroxydisulfate activation: Electron transfer induced singlet oxygen non-radical pathway.

Herein, in-situ N-doped Enteromorpha prolifera derived magnetic biochar (MBC) was prepared by loading FeO. It can effectively activate peroxodisulfate (PDS) to degrade tetracycline (TC) and easy recycling. The removal rate of TC reached 87.

Facile one-pot magnetic modification of Enteromorpha prolifera derived biochar: Increased pore accessibility and Fe-loading enhances the removal of butachlor.

In this work, Enteromorpha prolifera derived magnetic biochar (MBC) is prepared for the removal of butachlor (BTR) and characterized. The NaOH added during the magnetic loading process has an activating effect and enhancing the accessibility of the pores. Based on the BET result, the importance of pore accessibility rather than the specific surface area has been proposed.

Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitor of SRPKs Alters the Splicing Isoforms of VEGF and Inhibits Angiogenesis.

Serine-arginine (SR) protein kinases (SRPKs) regulate the functions of the SR-rich splicing factors by phosphorylating multiple serines within their C-terminal arginine-serine-rich domains. Dysregulation of these phosphorylation events has been implicated in many diseases, suggesting SRPKs are potential therapeutic targets. In particular, aberrant SRPK1 expression alters the balances of proangiogenic (VEGF) and antiangiogenic (VEGFb) splicing isoforms of the key angiogenesis factor, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), through the phosphorylation of prototypic SR protein SRSF1.