SCARB1 links cholesterol metabolism-mediated ferroptosis inhibition to radioresistance in tumor cells.

Introduction: Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of cell death triggered by the excessive accumulation of lipid peroxides. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis and developing strategies to target this process hold significant clinical applications in tumor therapy.

Objective: Our study aims to search for novel candidate genes involved in the regulation of ferroptosis and to investigate their mechanism of action in ferroptosis and tumor therapy.

A study on sleep quality under the shadow of school bullying: The interwoven effects of depressed mood, low self-esteem, and negative parenting practices.

Objective: The aim of this study was to reveal the relationship between school bullying and sleep quality in adolescents. It proposes a theoretical model where depressed mood, low self-esteem, and negative parenting practices serve as mediating variables, providing new directions and measures for preventing and treating school bullying and sleep disorders.

Methods: In this study, a total of 4483 middle school students from Anhui Province in China were selected anonymously to participate in a questionnaire survey.

A novel approach for target deconvolution from phenotype-based screening using knowledge graph.

Deconvoluting drug targets is crucial in modern drug development, yet both traditional and artificial intelligence (AI)-driven methods face challenges in terms of completeness, accuracy, and efficiency. Identifying drug targets, especially within complex systems such as the p53 pathway, remains a formidable task. The regulation of this pathway by myriad stress signals and regulatory elements adds layers of complexity to the discovery of effective p53 pathway activators.

Efficient Nitrate to Ammonia Conversion on Bifunctional IrCu Alloy Nanoparticles.

Electrochemical nitrate reduction (NORR) to ammonia presents a promising alternative strategy to the traditional Haber-Bosch process. However, the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) reduces the Faradaic efficiency toward ammonia, while the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) increases the energy consumption. This study designs IrCu alloy nanoparticles as a bifunctional catalyst to achieve efficient NORR and OER while suppressing the unwanted HER.

Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum vitamin D and continuous metabolic syndrome score among children and adolescents: roles of levels of inflammation in peripheral blood.

Background: Serum vitamin D deficiency is intricately linked to metabolic disorders, however, evidence on its association with continuous metabolic risk in children and adolescents remains insufficient. This study aims to elucidate the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and continuous metabolic risk.

Methods: The cross-sectional analysis involved 4490 participants aged 6 ~ 18, and the longitudinal investigation included 1398 individuals aged 6 ~ 12 years.

SLC13A2 promotes hepatocyte metabolic remodeling and liver regeneration by enhancing de novo cholesterol biosynthesis.

Metabolic requirements of dividing hepatocytes are prerequisite for liver regeneration after injury. In contrast to transcriptional dynamics during liver repair, its metabolic dependencies remain poorly defined. Here, we screened metabolic genes differentially regulated during liver regeneration, and report that SLC13A2, a transporter for TCA cycle intermediates, is decreased in rapid response to partial hepatectomy in mice and recovered along restoration of liver mass and function.

Cross-trait multivariate GWAS confirms health implications of pubertal timing.

Pubertal timing is highly variable and is associated with long-term health outcomes. Phenotypes associated with pubertal timing include age at menarche, age at voice break, age at first facial hair and growth spurt, and pubertal timing seems to have a shared genetic architecture between the sexes. However, puberty phenotypes have primarily been assessed separately, failing to account for shared genetics, which limits the reliability of the purported health implications.

Enhancing Catalytic Removal of Autoexhaust Soot Particles via the Modulation of Interfacial Oxygen Vacancies in Cu/CeO Catalysts.

The purification efficiency of autoexhaust carbon strongly depends on the heterogeneous interface structure between active metal and oxide, which can modulate the local electronic structure of defect sites to promote the activation of reactant molecules. Herein, the high-dispersion CuO clusters supported on the well-defined CeO nanorods were prepared using the complex deposition slow method. The formation of heteroatomic Cu-O-Ce interfacial structural units as active sites can capture electrons to achieve activation of the NO and O molecules.

Polyaniline-ZnTi-LDH heterostructure with d-π coupling for enhanced photocatalysis of pollutant removal.

Heterointerface engineering is an effective strategy to design and construct high-performance photocatalysts. Herein, polyaniline (PANI) nanoparticles and ZnTi layered double hydroxide (ZnTi-LDH) nanosheets were integrated to form organic-inorganic heterostructure (PANI/LDH) via d-π electronic coupling using in-situ polymerization for photocatalytic oxidation/reduction towards tetracycline (TC) and Cr(VI). The photocatalytic activity was closely related to feed amount of aniline (Ani) in the polymerization process, which the abundant PANI nanoparticles were evenly distributed on the surface of ZnTi-LDH nanosheets at the proper Ani feed amount, and thus reinforced d-π electronic coupling at the organic-inorganic interfaces more efficiently.

Engineering a wirelessly self-powered neural scaffold based on primary battery principle to accelerate nerve cell differentiation.

Electrical stimulation displayed tremendous potential in promoting nerve regeneration. However, the current electrical stimulation therapy required complex traversing wires and external power sources, which significantly limited its practical application. Herein, a self-powered nerve scaffold based on primary battery principle was gradient printed by laser additive manufacturing technique.

Risk Factors for Symptoms in Patients With Heterotopic Gastric Mucosa in the Upper Esophagus.

This study is aimed at comparing the clinical characteristics and histological types of symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with heterotopic gastric mucosa in the upper esophagus (HGMUE) and exploring the factors influencing the occurrence and severity of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) symptoms in these patients. HGMUE is a potential cause of LPR symptoms. This retrospective analysis evaluated 70 patients with HGMUE using a detailed questionnaire.

Identification of candidate genes for leaf size by QTL mapping and transcriptome sequencing in Brassica napus L.

Leaf is the main photosynthetic organ at the seedling stage of rapeseed and leaf size is a crucial agronomic trait affecting rapeseed yield. Understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying leaf size is therefore important for rapeseed breeding. In this study, QTL mapping for three traits related to leaf size, i.

Myristoylated Eepd1 Enhances Lipolysis and Thermogenesis through PKA Activation to Combat Obesity.

Middle-aged obesity, characterized by excessive fat accumulation and systemic energy imbalance, often precedes various health complications. Recent research has unveiled a surprising link between DNA damage response and energy metabolism. Here, we explore the role of Eepd1, a DNA repair enzyme, in regulating adipose tissue function and obesity onset.

Polysaccharides-Directed Biomineralization of Enzymes in Hierarchical Zeolite Imidazolate Frameworks for Electrochemical Detection of Phenols.

Biomineralization of enzymes inside rigid metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is appealing due to its biocompatibility and simplicity. However, this strategy has hitherto been limited to microporous MOFs, leading to low apparent enzymatic activity. In this study, polysaccharide sodium alginate is introduced during the biomineralization of enzymes in zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) to competitively coordinate with metal ions, which endows the encapsulated enzyme with a 7-fold higher activity than that in microporous ZIFs.

Targeted Theranostic Nanoprobes Assisted NIR-II Fluorescence Imaging-Guided Surgery Therapy for Alveolar Echinococcosis.

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a serious parasitic infectious disease that is highly invasive and destructive to the liver and has a high mortality rate. However, currently, there is no effective targeted imaging and treatment method for the precise detection and therapy of AE. We proposed a new two-step targeting strategy (TSTS) for AE based on poly(lactic--glycolic acid) (PLGA).

Standard: Human gastric organoids.

Organoid technology provides a transformative approach to understand human physiology and pathology, offering valuable insights for scientific research and therapeutic development. Human gastric organoids, in particular, have gained significant interest for applications in disease modeling, drug discovery, and studies of tissue regeneration and homeostasis. However, the lack of standardized quality control has limited their extensive clinical applications.

Porous polymers: structure, fabrication and application.

The porous polymer is a common and fascinating category within the vast family of porous materials. It offers valuable features such as sufficient raw materials, easy processability, controllable pore structures, and adjustable surface functionality by combining the inherent properties of both porous structures and polymers. These characteristics make it an effective choice for designing functional and advanced materials.

NIR Triggered Bionic Bilayer Membrane-Encapsulated Nanoparticles for Synergistic Photodynamic, Photothermal and Chemotherapy of Cervical Cancer.

Purpose: A synergistic treatment strategy of phototherapy and chemotherapy has been shown to improve efficacy and offer unique advantages over monotherapy. The purpose of this study is to explore a new nanocarrier system with liposome as the inner membrane and erythrocyte membrane as the outer membrane, which aims to realize the leak-free load of phototherapy drug indocyanine green (ICG) and chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX), prolong the circulation time in vivo and improve the therapeutic effect.

Patients And Methods: In this study, bilayer membrane-loaded ICG and DOX nanoparticles (RBC@ICG-DOX NPs) were prepared and characterized.

Non-Volatile Multifunctional Dipole Molecules Enable 19.2% Efficiency for Printable Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells.

Dipole molecules (DMs) show great potential in defect passivation for printable mesoscopic perovskite solar cells (p-MPSCs), although the crystallization process of p-MPSCs is more intricate and challenging than planar perovskite solar cells. In this work, a series of non-volatile multifunctional DMs are employed as additives to enhance the crystallization of perovskites and improve both the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and stability of the devices. This enhancement is achieved by regulating the side groups of benzoic acid molecules with the electron-donating groups such as guanidine (─NH─C(═NH)─NH), amino (─NH) and formamidine (─C(═NH)─NH).

Genetic correlation, pleiotropic loci and shared risk genes between major depressive disorder and gastrointestinal tract disorders.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders, while genetic correlation, pleiotropic loci and shared risk genes remain to be explored.

Methods: Leveraging genome-wide association study statistics for MDD (n = 170,756), peptic ulcer disease (PUD; n = 16,666), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD; n = 54,854), PUD and/or GORD and/or medications (PGM; n = 90,175), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS; n = 28,518), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD; n = 7045), we determined global and local genetic correlations, identified pleiotropic loci, performed gene-level evaluations, and inferred causal associations using bidirectional Mendelian randomization.

Results: We found global correlation of MDD with PUD (r = 0.

Machine learning-based 28-day mortality prediction model for elderly neurocritically Ill patients.

Background: The growing population of elderly neurocritically ill patients highlights the need for effective prognosis prediction tools. This study aims to develop and validate machine learning (ML) models for predicting 28-day mortality in intensive care units (ICUs).

Methods: Data were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV(MIMIC-IV) database, focusing on elderly neurocritical ill patients with ICU stays ≥ 24 h.

Surrogate-assisted global and distributed local collaborative optimization algorithm for expensive constrained optimization problems.

This paper presents a surrogate-assisted global and distributed local collaborative optimization (SGDLCO) algorithm for expensive constrained optimization problems where two surrogate optimization phases are executed collaboratively at each generation. As the complexity of optimization problems and the cost of solutions increase in practical applications, how to efficiently solve expensive constrained optimization problems with limited computational resources has become an important area of research. Traditional optimization algorithms often struggle to balance the efficiency of global and local searches, especially when dealing with high-dimensional and complex constraint conditions.

Highly selective copper recovery from industrial wastewater via electric field-enhanced ultrafiltration assisted with a picolyl-modified polyelectrolyte.

Copper-containing industrial wastewater, characterized by strong acidity, high ionic strength, and various competing metals, presents significant challenges for Cu(II) recovery. To address these issues, an electric field-enhanced ultrafiltration process was developed, assisted with a functional polyelectrolyte with high selectivity for Cu(II). The polyelectrolyte, termed PPEI, was synthesized by grafting picolyl groups onto polyethyleneimine (PEI), enhancing its affinity for Cu(II).

Glyphosate and spinetoram alter viral communities with different effects on antibiotic resistance genes in the bumblebee gut.

Limited research investigating the impact of pesticides on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and viral community in the gut of wild animals. In this study, we employed metagenomic to investigate the effects of glyphosate and spinetoram on the gut viral communities, ARGs, and their interactions in a key wild pollinator, bumblebees. The results showed that both 2.

A combination of genome mining with OSMAC strategy facilitates the discovery of bioactive metabolites produced from termite-associated Streptomyces tanashiensis BYF-112.

Background: Previously, eight new alkaloids were obtained from the fermentation extract of termite-associated Streptomyces tanashiensis BYF-112. However, genome analysis indicated the presence of many undiscovered secondary metabolites in S. tanashiensis BYF-112.