Identification and characterization of the auxin-response factor family in moso bamboo reveals that PeARF41 negatively regulates second cell wall formation.

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are key transcriptional factors mediating the transcriptional of auxin-related genes that play crucial roles in a range of plant metabolic activities. The characteristics of 47 PeARFs, identified in moso bamboo and divided into three classes, were evaluated. Structural feature analysis showed that intron numbers ranged from 3 to 14, while Motif 1, 2, 7 and 10 were highly conserved, altogether forming DNA-binding and ARF domains.

A hierarchical ubiquitination-mediated regulatory module controls bamboo lignin biosynthesis.

The lignocellulosic feedstock of woody bamboo shows promising potential as an alternative to conventional wood, attributed to its excellent properties. The content and distribution of lignin serve as the foundation of these properties. While the regulation of lignin biosynthesis in bamboo has been extensively studied at the transcriptional level, its posttranslational control has remained poorly understood.

Biochar amendment alleviates soil microbial nitrogen and phosphorus limitation and increases soil heterotrophic respiration under long-term nitrogen input in a subtropical forest.

Nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) inputs substantially affect soil microbial functions. However, the influences of long-term N and C additions on soil microbial resource limitation and heterotrophic respiration-fundamental microbial functional traits-remain unclear, impeding the understanding of how soil C dynamics respond to global change. In this study, the responses of soil microbial resource limitation and heterotrophic respiration (Rh) to 7-year N and biochar (BC) additions in a subtropical Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) plantation were investigated.

Regulatory networks of senescence-associated gene-transcription factors promote degradation in Moso bamboo shoots.

Bamboo cultivation, particularly Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), holds significant economic importance in various regions worldwide. Bamboo shoot degradation (BSD) severely affects productivity and economic viability. However, despite its agricultural consequences, the molecular mechanisms underlying BSD remain unclear.

Nitrogen fertilization practices alter microbial communities driven by clonal integration in Moso bamboo.

Nitrogen (N) fertilization is crucial for maintaining plant productivity. Clonal plants can share resources between connected ramets through clonal integration influencing microbial communities and regulating soil biogeochemical cycling, especially in the rhizosphere. However, the effect of various N fertilization practices on microbial communities in the rhizosphere of clonal ramets remain unknown.

Mechanism underlying temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon decomposition: A review.

Temperature sensitivity () of soil organic carbon (SOC) decomposition is an important index to estimate the dynamics of soil C budget. However, the spatial variation of and its influencing factors remain largely uncertain. In this study, we reviewed the effects of climate environment, spatial geographic pattern, soil physicochemical property, vegetation type, microbial community composition and function, and global climate change on to summarize the general rule of each factor influencing and compare the relative contribution of each factor to in different ecosystems.

Photosynthetic and physiological responses of different peony cultivars to high temperature.

In order to investigate the causes of the differences in heat tolerance ('Lu He Hong' and 'Zhi Hong'), we studied the physiological changes, photosynthetic properties and regulatory mechanism of the two peony cultivars at high temperature. The results showed that the physiological changed of different peony cultivars varied significantly under high temperature stress. With the extension of high temperature stress time, MDA content of 'Lu He Hong' increased,while 'Zhi Hong' rised first and then decreased, SOD activity of 'Lu He Hong' rised first and then decreased, that of 'Zhi Hong' kept rising, POD activity of 'Lu He Hong' kept decreasing, while 'Zhi Hong' rised.

Spatiotemporal patterns and drivers of stem methane flux from two poplar forests with different soil textures.

In forest ecosystems, the majority of methane (CH4) research focuses on soils, whereas tree stem CH4 flux and driving factors remain poorly understood. We measured the in situ stem CH4 flux using the static chamber-gas chromatography method at different heights in two poplar (Populus spp.) forests with separate soil textures.

An Integrated Regulatory Network of mRNAs, microRNAs, and lncRNAs Involved in Nitrogen Metabolism of Moso Bamboo.

Nitrogen is a key macronutrient essential for plant growth and development, and its availability has a strong influence on biological processes. Nitrogen fertilizer has been widely applied in bamboo forests in recent decades; however, the mechanism of nitrogen metabolism in bamboo is not fully elucidated. Here, we characterized the morphological, physiological, and transcriptome changes of moso bamboo in response to different schemes for nitrogen addition to illuminate the regulation mechanism of nitrogen metabolism.

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Addition on Soil Extracellular Enzyme Activity and Stoichiometry in Chinese Fir () Forests.

Soil extracellular enzymes play an important role in microbial functions and soil nutrient cycling in the context of increasing N deposition globally. This is particularly important for Chinese fir () forests because of the decline in soil fertility induced by successive rotation. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of simulated N deposition (N30: 30 kg ha year; N60: 60 kg ha year) and phosphorus addition (P20: 20 mg kg; P40: 40 mg kg) on the activity and stoichiometry of soil extracellular enzymes related to soil C, N, and P cycling in Chinese fir.

Linking soil carbon availability, microbial community composition and enzyme activities to organic carbon mineralization of a bamboo forest soil amended with pyrogenic and fresh organic matter.

Despite fresh and pyrogenic organic matter have been widely used as amendments to improve soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, mineralization that links to C quality and soil temperature, microbial community composition and enzyme activity remain poorly understood. This study aims to explore the effects of amendments (bamboo leaves and its biochar) and incubation temperature on mineralization, and disentangle the relationships of SOC mineralization with chemical composition of SOC, labile organic C, microbial community composition, and activities of enzymes in a subtropical bamboo forest soil. Results showed that cumulative soil CO emissions ranked as bamboo leaf (Leaf) > bamboo leaf biochar (Biochar) > Control, regardless of the incubation temperature.

Biochar Amendment Alters the Nutrient-Use Strategy of Moso Bamboo Under N Additions.

Nutrient resorption can affect plant growth, litter decomposition, and nutrient cycling. Although the effects of nitrogen (N) and biochar fertilizers on soil nutrient concentrations and plant nutrient uptake have been studied, an understanding of how combined applications of N and biochar affect plant nutrient resorption in plantations is lacking. In this study, we applied N (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg N ha yr defined as N0, N30, N60, and N90, respectively) and biochar (0, 20, and 40 t biochar ha defined as BC0, BC20, and BC40, respectively) to the soil of a Moso bamboo plantation.

Nitrogen addition decreases methane uptake caused by methanotroph and methanogen imbalances in a Moso bamboo forest.

Forest soils play an important role in controlling global warming by reducing atmospheric methane (CH) concentrations. However, little attention has been paid to how nitrogen (N) deposition may alter microorganism communities that are related to the CH cycle or CH oxidation in subtropical forest soils. We investigated the effects of N addition (0, 30, 60, or 90 kg N ha yr) on soil CH flux and methanotroph and methanogen abundance, diversity, and community structure in a Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forest in subtropical China.

Effects of nitrogen deposition and phosphorus addition on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata).

Nitrogen (N) deposition is a key factor that affects terrestrial biogeochemical cycles with a growing trend, especially in the southeast region of China, where shortage of available phosphorus (P) is particularly acute and P has become a major factor limiting plant growth and productivity. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) establish a mutualistic symbiosis with plants, and play an important role in enhancing plant stress resistance. However, the response of AMF to the combined effects of N deposition and P additions is poorly understood.

Nitrogen addition increased CO uptake more than non-CO greenhouse gases emissions in a Moso bamboo forest.

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition affects the greenhouse gas (GHG) balance of ecosystems through the net atmospheric CO exchange and the emission of non-CO GHGs (CH and NO). We quantified the effects of N deposition on biomass increment, soil organic carbon (SOC), and NO and CH fluxes and, ultimately, the net GHG budget at ecosystem level of a Moso bamboo forest in China. Nitrogen addition significantly increased woody biomass increment and SOC decomposition, increased NO emission, and reduced soil CH uptake.

The significant contribution of lake depth in regulating global lake diffusive methane emissions.

Global lakes have been identified as an important component of natural methane (CH) sources. Given that lake CH emissions involve multiple, complex processes influenced by various environmental factors, estimates of global lake CH emissions are largely uncertain. In this study, we compiled global CH emission data on 744 lakes from published studies, and found a significantly negative correlation (R = 0.

Soil GHG fluxes are altered by N deposition: New data indicate lower N stimulation of the N O flux and greater stimulation of the calculated C pools.

The effects of nitrogen (N) deposition on soil organic carbon (C) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in terrestrial ecosystems are the main drivers affecting GHG budgets under global climate change. Although many studies have been conducted on this topic, we still have little understanding of how N deposition affects soil C pools and GHG budgets at the global scale. We synthesized a comprehensive dataset of 275 sites from multiple terrestrial ecosystems around the world and quantified the responses of the global soil C pool and GHG fluxes induced by N enrichment.

Water-Use Characteristics and Physiological Response of Moso Bamboo to Flash Droughts.

Frequent flash droughts can rapidly lead to water shortage, which affects the stability of ecosystems. This study determines the water-use characteristics and physiological mechanisms underlying Moso bamboo response to flash-drought events, and estimates changes to water budgets caused by extreme drought. We analyzed the variability in forest canopy transpiration versus precipitation from 2011-2013.

Ecological stoichiometry of nitrogen and phosphorus in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) during the explosive growth period of new emergent shoots.

The ecological stoichiometry of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) during the "explosive growth period" (EGP) remains unknown. In a previous study, we showed that the carbon (C) required by shoots during the EGP is derived from attached mature bamboos. In this study, we attempted to answer the following two questions: (1) Is the nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) required by shoots during the EGP also derived from attached mature bamboos? (2) Is the ecological stoichiometry of Moso bamboo during the EGP consistent with the growth rate hypothesis (GRH)? We simultaneously investigated changes in the N and P concentrations and N:P ratios of shoots (young bamboos) and attached mature bamboo over an 11-month period.

Nitrogen Deposition Enhances Photosynthesis in Moso Bamboo but Increases Susceptibility to Other Stress Factors.

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition can increase the susceptibility of vascular plants to other stresses, but the physiological basis of such a response remains poorly understood. This study was designed to clarify the physiological mechanisms and to evaluate bioindicators of N deposition impact on vascular plants. We evaluate multiple physiological responses to ~4 years of simulated additional N deposition (30-90 kg N ha year) on three age-classes (1a, 3a, and 5a) of Moso bamboo.

Nitrogen deposition and management practices increase soil microbial biomass carbon but decrease diversity in Moso bamboo plantations.

Because microbial communities play a key role in carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling, changes in the soil microbial community may directly affect ecosystem functioning. However, the effects of N deposition and management practices on soil microbes are still poorly understood. We studied the effects of these two factors on soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and community composition in Moso bamboo plantations using high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.

Dynamic allocation and transfer of non-structural carbohydrates, a possible mechanism for the explosive growth of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla).

Moso bamboo can rapidly complete its growth in both height and diameter within only 35-40 days after shoot emergence. However, the underlying mechanism for this "explosive growth" remains poorly understood. We investigated the dynamics of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs) in shoots and attached mature bamboos over a 20-month period.

Management practices regulate the response of Moso bamboo foliar stoichiometry to nitrogen deposition.

Moso bamboo, well known for its high growth rate, is being subjected to increasing amounts of nitrogen deposition. However, how anthropogenic management practices regulate the effects of N deposition on Moso bamboo stoichiometry remains poorly understood. We observed the effects of two years of simulated N deposition (30, 60 and 90 kg N ha(-1)yr(-1)) on the foliar stoichiometry of Moso bamboo plantations under conventional management (CM) and intensive management (IM).

Chinese Grain for Green Program led to highly increased soil organic carbon levels: a meta-analysis.

The Grain for Green Program (GGP), initiated in 1999, is the largest ecological restoration project in central and western China. Here, for the first time, we performed a meta-analysis and found that the GGP largely increased the soil organic carbon (SOC). The SOC was increased by 48.

[Effect of UV-B radiation on the chemical composition and subsequent decomposition of Cyclobalanopsis glauca leaf litter].

A experiment on leaf litter decomposition was carried out to evaluate the effects of UV-B radiation on the chemical composition and subsequent decomposition of leaf litter in humid subtropical forest systems. The leaf litter was derived from Cyclobalanopsis glauca seedlings exposed to elevated and ambient ultraviolet B (UV-B) radiation treatments during growth for one year. The results showed that UV-B treatment significantly increased the original N, K and P content of leaf litter by 154.