Evaluation of Neurovascular Coupling in Early-Onset and Late-Onset Epilepsy of Unknown Etiology.

Background: Previous studies have shown neurovascular coupling (NVC) dysfunction in epilepsy, suggesting its role in the pathological mechanisms. However, it remains unclear whether NVC abnormalities exist in epilepsy of unknown etiology (EU).

Purpose: To integrate multiparametric MRI to assess NVC and its relationship with cognition in early-onset and late-onset EU patients.

Abnormal metabolites in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of female epilepsy patients with migraine without aura.

Epilepsy and migraine without aura (MWoA) are often comorbid, but the exact mechanisms are unclear. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) may help to understand the neurometabolic mechanisms in patients with epilepsy comorbid with MWoA (EWM). In this prospective cross-sectional study, we recruited 64 female patients, including 24 with EWM, 20 with epilepsy, and 20 with MWoA, as well as 20 age-level-matched and educational-level-matched female healthy controls from our hospital between August 2021 and November 2022.

The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Bone Regeneration and Associated Bone Diseases.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale particles with a lipid bilayer membrane structure secreted by various cell types. Nearly all human cells secrete EVs, primarily mediating intercellular communication. In recent years, scientists have discovered that EVs can carry multiple biological cargos, such as DNA, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), proteins, cytokines, and lipids, and mediate intercellular signal transduction.

Early prediction of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis via dynamic changes of leukocyte: A retrospective study.

Background: Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) remains a major concern for clinicians. Hence early identification of PEP is meaningful to minimize medical risks.

Aims: This study aims to explore the value of dynamic leukocyte changes for early prediction of PEP.

A causal effect study of cortical morphology and related covariate networks in classical trigeminal neuralgia patients.

Structural covariance networks and causal effects within can provide critical information on gray matter reorganization and disease-related hierarchical changes. Based on the T1WI data of 43 classical trigeminal neuralgia patients and 45 controls, we constructed morphological similarity networks of cortical thickness, sulcal depth, fractal dimension, and gyrification index. Moreover, causal structural covariance network analyses were conducted in regions with morphological abnormalities or altered nodal properties, respectively.

Structural and functional abnormalities and cognitive profiles in older adults with early-onset and late-onset focal epilepsy.

This study aimed to determine the patterns of changes in structure, function, and cognitive ability in early-onset and late-onset older adults with focal epilepsy (OFE). This study first utilized the deformation-based morphometry analysis to identify structural abnormalities, which were used as the seed region to investigate the functional connectivity with the whole brain. Next, a correlation analysis was performed between the altered imaging findings and neuropsychiatry assessments.

An Augmented Reality Serious Game for Children's Optical Science Education: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Knowledge construction in the context of children's science education is an important part of fostering the development of early scientific literacy. Nevertheless, children sometimes struggle to comprehend scientific knowledge due to the presence of abstract notions.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of augmented reality (AR) games as a teaching tool for enhancing children's understanding of optical science education.

CT based intratumor and peritumoral radiomics for differentiating complete from incomplete capsular characteristics of parotid pleomorphic adenoma: a two-center study.

Objective: Capsular characteristics of pleomorphic adenoma (PA) has various forms. Patients without complete capsule has a higher risk of recurrence than patients with complete capsule. We aimed to develop and validate CT-based intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics models to make a differential diagnosis between parotid PA with and without complete capsule.

Progressive structural damage in sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy.

This study aimed to explore the alterations in gray matter volume (GMV) based on high-resolution structural data and the temporal precedence of structural alterations in patients with sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE). After preprocessing of T1 structural images, the voxel-based morphometry and source-based morphometry (SBM) methods were applied in 60 SHE patients and 56 healthy controls to analyze the gray matter volumetric alterations. Furthermore, a causal network of structural covariance (CaSCN) was constructed using Granger causality analysis based on structural data of illness duration ordering to assess the causal impact of structural changes in abnormal gray matter regions.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Features of Zinc Finger Translocation Associated-RELA Fusion Ependymoma Compared to Its Wild-Type Counterpart.

Objective: To explore the predictive value of quantitative features extracted from conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in distinguishing Zinc Finger Translocation Associated (ZFTA)-RELA fusion-positive and wild-type ependymomas.

Methods: Twenty-seven patients with pathologically confirmed ependymomas (17 patients with ZFTA-RELA fusions and 10 ZFTA-RELA fusion-negative patients) who underwent conventional MRI were enrolled in this retrospective study. Two experienced neuroradiologists who were blinded to the histopathological subtypes independently extracted imaging features using Visually Accessible Rembrandt Images annotations.

An MRI Study Combining Virtual Brain Grafting and Surface-Based Morphometry Analysis to Investigate Contralateral Alterations in Cortical Morphology in Patients With Diffuse Low-Grade Glioma.

Background: The human brain has ability to reorganize itself in response to glioma. However, the mechanism of cortical reorganization remains unclear.

Purpose: To investigate alterations in cortical thickness and local gyration index (LGI) in patients with unilateral frontal lobe diffuse low-grade glioma (DLGG).

Abnormal brain functional network dynamics in sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy.

Aims: This study aimed to use resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) to determine the temporal features of functional connectivity states and changes in connectivity strength in sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE).

Methods: High-resolution T1 and rs-fMRI scanning were performed on all the subjects. We used a sliding-window approach to construct a dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) network.

Rich-club reorganization and related network disruptions are associated with the symptoms and severity in classic trigeminal neuralgia patients.

Background: Alterations in white matter microstructure and functional activity have been demonstrated to be involved in the central nervous system mechanism of classic trigeminal neuralgia (CTN). However, the rich-club organization and related topological alterations in the CTN brain networks remain unclear.

Methods: We simultaneously collected diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data from 29 patients with CTN (9 males, mean age = 54.

The efficient of application of a fine magnetic traction system simplifies colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection: A porcine study.

Background: Sometimes it is difficult to maintain good visualization of the submucosal layer during colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of a novel traction method, the fine magnetic traction system (FMTS), in colorectal ESD.

Methods: ESD was performed 10, 15, or 30 cm from the anus in the colorectums of 10 Bama miniature pigs with or without FMTS.

Two Patterns of White Matter Connection in Multiple Gliomas: Evidence from Probabilistic Fiber Tracking.

Background: Multiple lesions are uncommon in brain gliomas, and their pathophysiology is poorly understood. Invasive growth along white matter tracts is an important clinicopathological characteristic of gliomas, and a major factor in a poor therapeutic outcome. Here, we used probabilistic fiber tracking and cluster analysis to investigate the inter-focal connectivity relationships of multiple gliomas, in order to seek inferential evidence of common origin.

Enhanced release, export, and transport of diffuse nutrients from litter in forested watersheds with climate warming.

Variations in litter decomposition and nutrient migration are constraints to accurately estimate watershed diffuse forest pollution under the combined effects of topographic heterogeneity and climate change. In this study, remote sensing data, decomposition and leaching experiments, and the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) were used to quantify the release, export, and transport characteristics of diffuse nutrients from forest litter under two climate scenarios (the current climate condition [S1] and the future warming and drying climate condition [S2]), and the impacts on aquatic environment were identified. The annual litter decomposition was 27.

Multimodal MR imaging signatures to identify brain diffuse midline gliomas with H3 K27M mutation.

Background: Conventional MR imaging has limited value in identifying H3 K27M mutations. We aimed to investigate the capacity of quantitative MR imaging variables in identifying the H3 K27M mutation status of diffuse midline glioma.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-three patients with H3 K27M mutation and thirty-two wild-type patients were recruited in this retrospective study, all of whom underwent multimodal MR imaging.

1H-MRS reveals metabolic alterations in generalized tonic-clonic seizures before and after treatment.

Aims: To explore the possible metabolic alterations of bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortices (DLPFC) of generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) patients before and after antiepileptic drugs treatment as compared with healthy controls (HCs) using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS).

Methods: We included 23 newly diagnosed and unmedicated GTCS patients and 23 sex- and age-matched HCs. Metabolites including N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), myo-inositol (Ins), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and glutamate + glutamine (Glu + Gln, Glx) concentrations were quantified by using LCModel software and then corrected for the partial volume effect of cerebrospinal fluid.

Gray matter abnormalities in Tourette Syndrome: a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies.

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurobehavioral disorder for which the neurological mechanism has not been elucidated. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies have revealed abnormalities in gray matter volume (GMV) in patients with TS; however, consistent results have not been obtained. The current study attempted to provide a voxel wise meta-analysis of gray matter changes using seed-based d mapping (SDM).

Quantitative 1H-MRS reveals metabolic difference between subcategories of malformations of cortical development.

Purpose: To figure out the spectra features of malformations of cortical development (MCDs) and the differences between MCDs subcategories.

Methods: Twenty patients and 18 controls were studied. The patients included two subcategories: disorders of migration (DOM) and postmigration (DOPM).

Analysis of Risk Factors in Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography-Related Immediate and Delayed Hemorrhage.

Background/aims: Hemorrhage is a serious complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). However, there is a lack of comparative studies on immediate and delayed hemorrhage. The present study aims to explore the relevant risk factors of immediate and delayed hemorrhage of ERCP and compare the similarities and differences.

Evaluation of the effects of an artificial intelligence system on endoscopy quality and preliminary testing of its performance in detecting early gastric cancer: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) is a prerequisite for detecting upper gastrointestinal lesions especially early gastric cancer (EGC). An artificial intelligence system has been shown to monitor blind spots during EGD. In this study, we updated the system (ENDOANGEL), verified its effectiveness in improving endoscopy quality, and pretested its performance in detecting EGC in a multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Automated machine learning to predict the co-occurrence of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations and O -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation in patients with gliomas.

Combining isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation (IDHmut) with O -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase promoter methylation (MGMTmet) has been identified as a critical prognostic molecular marker for gliomas. The aim of this study was to determine the ability of glioma radiomics features from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict the co-occurrence of IDHmut and MGMTmet by applying the tree-based pipeline optimization tool (TPOT), an automated machine learning (autoML) approach. This was a retrospective study, in which 162 patients with gliomas were evaluated, including 58 patients with co-occurrence of IDHmut and MGMTmet and 104 patients with other status comprising: IDH wildtype and MGMT unmethylated (n = 67), IDH wildtype and MGMTmet (n = 36), and IDHmut and MGMT unmethylated (n = 1).

protects intestinal barrier function via upregulation of tight junction proteins and activation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in a mouse model of dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis.

, a probiotic, is a gram-positive obligate anaerobic bacillus with acid and heat resistant properties. Previous studies have reported that has beneficial effects in intestinal diseases and regulates intestinal function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of on the intestinal barrier function.