Molecular Dynamics Investigation of Metastable Structure and Hybridization Bond Evolution in High-Entropy CoCrFeNi Heterostructured Amorphous Carbon Films.

Heterogeneous element doping in amorphous carbon films can reduce residual stresses and improve plastic deformation. Nevertheless, the effects of dopant content and size on the metastable transition mechanism between sp-C and sp-C atoms during the deformation process are unclear and difficult to be in situ observed and researched, experimentally. In this work, the mechanical properties and the structural evolution during the nanoindentation of amorphous CoCrFeNi sphere-doped carbon heterostructured films with different radii were simulated.

Deep learning in the precise assessment of primary Sjögren's Syndrome based on ultrasound images.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the value of a deep learning (DL) model based on greyscale ultrasound (US) images for precise assessment and accurate diagnosis of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS).

Methods: This was a multicentre prospective analysis. All pSS patients were diagnosed according to 2016 ACR/EULAR criteria.

Multicolor, injectable BSA-based lanthanide luminescent hydrogels with biodegradability.

Protein hydrogels have attracted increasing attention because of their excellent biodegradability and biocompatibility, but frequently suffer from the single structures and functions. As a combination of luminescent materials and biomaterials, multifunctional protein luminescent hydrogels can exhibit wider applications in various fields. Herein, we report a novel, multicolor tunable, injectable, and biodegradable protein-based lanthanide luminescent hydrogel.

Organophosphine as an Alkyl Transfer Shuttle for the Direct β-Alkylation of Chalcones Using Alkyl Halides.

We report an efficient alkyl transfer strategy for the direct β-alkylation of chalcones using commercially available alkyl bromides as alkyl reagents. In this transformation, the -phosphanyl substituent in the chalcones is crucial for controlling their reactivity and selectivity. It also serves as a reliable alkyl transfer shuttle to transform electrophilic alkyl bromides into nucleophilic alkyl species in the form of quaternary phosphonium salts and transfer the alkyl group effectively to the β-position of the chalcones.

Substrate-directed divergent synthesis of fused indole polycycles through Rh(II)-catalyzed cascade reactions of bis(diazo)indolin-2-ones.

Herein, we report a substrate-directed diverse synthetic strategy toward two kinds of structurally intriguing fused indole polycycles through Rh(II)-catalyzed cascade reactions of bis(diazo)indolin-2-ones with enaminones. The subtle structural changes in enaminones lead to different reactivities. Cyclic enaminones produce indolo[2,3-]indoles, whereas acyclic ones afford oxazolo[3,2-]indoles.

Diastereoselective construction of bridged piperidines through an interrupted dearomative reduction.

An interrupted dearomative reduction strategy was developed to transform planar chalcone-based pyridinium salts into structurally intriguing bridged piperidines in a completely regio- and diastereoselective manner. This reaction proceeded successfully by using cheap and easily accessible NaBH as the reductant under mild conditions without exclusion of oxygen or use of special equipment.

A combination of polarity reversal, Diels-Alder cycloaddition and skeletal remodeling to access pyridine-fused nitrones.

An unprecedented cascade strategy consisting of polarity reversal, normal electron-demand Diels-Alder cycloaddition and skeletal remodeling was developed to construct novel pyridine-fused nitrones in up to 82% yield. The key to the success was the umpolung process, which transformed the electron-deficient 3-nitropyridinium ring into a reactive, π-extended cyclic nitroalkene, serving as a rarely reported hetero-diene to participate in normal Diels-Alder cycloadditions.

Color-tunable, self-healing albumin-based lanthanide luminescent hydrogels fabricated by reductant-triggered gelation.

Luminescent hydrogels show extensive applications in many fields because of their excellent optical properties. Although there are many matrixes used to prepare luminescent hydrogels, the synthesis of protein-based luminescent hydrogels is still urgently needed to explore due to their good biodegradability and biocompatibility. In this work, a color-tunable, self-healing protein-based luminescent hydrogel consisting of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lanthanide complexes is prepared via reductant-triggered gelation.

Self-powered and high responsivity photodetector based on a n-Si/p-GaTe heterojunction.

Heterojunction integrated by two-dimensional/three-dimensional materials has shown great potential applications in optoelectronic devices because of its fast response speed, high specific detectivity and broad spectral response. In this work, the vertical n-Si/p-GaTe heterojunction has been designed and fabricated, which shows a high responsivity up to 5.73 A Wand a fast response time of 20s at zero bias benifitting from the high efficiency of light absorption, internal photocurrent gain and strong built-in electrical field.

P-type Doping in Large-Area Monolayer MoS by Chemical Vapor Deposition.

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS) with excellent properties has been widely reported in recent years. However, it is a great challenge to achieve p-type conductivity in MoS because of its native stubborn n-type conductivity. Substitutional transition metal doping has been proved to be an effective approach to tune their intrinsic properties and enhance device performance.

Nitenpyram disturbs gut microbiota and influences metabolic homeostasis and immunity in honey bee (Apis mellifera L.).

Recently, environmental risk and toxicity of neonicotinoid insecticides to honey bees have attracted extensive attention. However, toxicological understanding of neonicotinoid insecticides on gut microbiota is limited. In the present study, honey bees (Apis mellifera L.

Design of a two-layer structure to significantly improve the performance of zinc oxide resistive memory.

Resistive random access memory (RRAM) is considered to be one of the important candidates for the next generation of memory devices. Zinc oxide resistive memory has also been studied for many years, but there are still some controversial topics and problems. Herein, an unusual resistance state has been observed in devices following the measurement and analysis of ZnO resistive memories with different thicknesses, a middle resistance state was speculated to explain the instability of ZnO RRAM.

Flumethrin at sublethal concentrations induces stresses in adult honey bees (Apis mellifera L.).

Flumethrin is a typical pyrethroid varroacide widely used for mite control in beekeeping worldwide. Currently, information on the toxicological characteristics of flumethrin on bees at sublethal concentrations is still lacking. To fill this gap in information, we performed a 48-h acute oral and 14-day chronic toxicity testing of flumethrin in newly emerged adult honey bees under laboratory conditions.

Improvement in the quality of black phosphorus by selecting a mineralizer.

The low-cost synthesis of high-quality black phosphorus (BP) has always been a challenge. Herein, we selected different mineralizers to synthesize high-crystallinity BP by the chemical vapor transport (CVT) method and demonstrated that the use of Pb instead of Sn can lead to higher purity BP. Residual Sn in Sn-BP was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), but no mineralizer impurity was observed in Pb-BP.

HfO-passivated black phosphorus field effect transistor with long-termed stability and enhanced current on/off ratio.

Enhanced on/off ratio, obvious threshold voltage left shift, newly emerging bipolar field effect performance and most importantly, excellent stability in ambient condition have been reported for the HfO-passivated black phosphorus field effect transistors . Both Raman spectra and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) show a thickness reduction effect after HfO passivation, XPS further demonstrates that the formation of P-Hf and P-O chemical bonds contributes to the thinning of layered black phosphorus (BP), in which P-Hf bonds also provide chemical protection for BP flakes from degradation. Atomic force microscopy measures the thickness of the passivation layer and also verifies the stability of the passivated BP flakes.

Metal-assisted exfoliation of few-layer black phosphorus with high yield.

We introduce a metal-assisted exfoliation method to produce few-layer black phosphorus with the lateral size larger than 50 μm and the area 100 times larger than those exfoliated using the normal "scotch-tape" technique. Using a field effect transistor it was found the hole mobility is 68.6 cm V s and the current on/off ratio can reach about 2 × 10.

Surface charge transfer doping of monolayer molybdenum disulfide by black phosphorus quantum dots.

Monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS), consisting of covalently bonded S-Mo-S sandwiched layers, has high carrier mobility and a direct bandgap of 1.8 eV, offering properties for electronic and optoelectronic devices with high performance. Usually, it is essential to modulate the carrier concentrations and conductivities of monolayer MoS for practical applications.