Nanotechnology-leveraged CRISPR/Cas systems: icebreaking in trace cancer-related nucleic acids biosensing.

As promising noninvasive biomarkers, nucleic acids provide great potential to innovate cancer early detection methods and promote subsequent diagnosis to improve the survival rates of patient. Accurate, straightforward and sensitive detection of such nucleic acid-based cancer biomarkers in complex biological samples holds significant clinical importance. However, the low abundance creates huge challenges for their routine detection.

IRF8 aggravates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via BMAL1/PPARγ axis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a hepatic metabolic syndrome arising from lipid metabolic imbalance, with its prevalence increasing globally. In this study, we observed a significant up-regulation of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) in the liver of NAFLD model mice and patients. Overexpression of IRF8 induced lipid accumulation in the mouse primary hepatocytes.

Exploring the Protective Effects of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B Against Diabetic Cardiomyopathy With a Possible Mechanism Involving Complement Inhibition.

Schisandra berry, an edible fruit of the Schisandra genus, produces two main lignans known as Schisandrin A (SchA) and Schisandrin B (SchB). These compounds have garnered significant attention for their beneficial effects in alleviating diabetes and its complications, such as diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy. However, their protective effects and mechanisms of action against diabetic cardiomyopathy remained largely unknown.

Two new cyclopentanoid monoterpenes from the fruits of .

Two new cyclopentanoid monoterpenes, catalpovatins A-B (-), together with nine known compounds (-), were isolated from the fruits of G. Don. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on their spectroscopic data.

Gut metabolites and functional recovery after ischemic stroke: a genetic perspective.

The current study explores the relationship between genetically predicted gut metabolites and functional outcomes following ischemic stroke, utilizing the Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework. Genetic information regarding gut microbiota-derived metabolites was sourced from 2076 participants of European descent participating in the Framingham Heart Study. Data on functional outcomes 90 days post-ischemic stroke were acquired from the Genetics of Ischemic Stroke Functional Outcomes Network (n = 6,021).

TGR5 Activation by Dietary Bioactives and Related Improvement in Mitochondrial Function for Alleviating Diabetes and Associated Complications.

Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5), also known as G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1 (GPBAR1), is a cell surface receptor involved in key physiological processes, including glucose homeostasis and energy metabolism. Recent research has focused on the role of TGR5 activation in preventing or treating diabetes while also highlighting its potential impact on the progression of diabetic complications. Functional foods and edible plants have emerged as valuable sources of natural compounds that can activate TGR5, offering potential therapeutic benefits for diabetes management.

Spatio-Temporal Transformer with Hypergraph in Nursing Activity Recognition.

In today's aging population, the safety of elderly patients is a concern for society, which increases the demand for nurse care. By recognizing nursing activities, we may not only relieve nurses of the burden of maintaining manual records, but also provide more advanced educational methods for the field of nurse training, as well as technical support for the development of nursing robots in the future. In this work, we present a hypergraph transformer-based network, which extracts features from skeletal joints to perform nursing action recognition.

Biodegradation of Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanomaterials by Neutrophils.

The biodegradation of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) nanomaterials by neutrophils was investigated. After incubation for 36 h, h-BN nanosheets are taken up by neutrophils, and their structure is highly disrupted, as observed via high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and confocal Raman imaging. Among the three degradation pathways, the release of neutrophil extracellular traps from neutrophils is the dominant, with myeloperoxidase (MPO) playing an important role.

Electricity-powered cryptic CO fixation pathway in heterotrophic Shewanella oneidensis for acetate synthesis.

Microbial electrosynthesis of CO is a sustainable carbon neutral technology. Although known for its diverse and efficient extracellular electron transfer (EET) characteristics, the bacteria of Shewanella genus have never been reported for use in electrosynthesis of multi-carbon chemicals. Herein, the electricity-powered conversion of CO to acetate was achieved under ammonium regulation for the first time in the model strain (Shewanella oneidensis MR-1), due to the activation of its intrinsic reductive glycine pathway.

Balancing accuracy and user satisfaction: the role of prompt engineering in AI-driven healthcare solutions.

Introduction: The rapid evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) has opened new possibilities for public healthcare. Effective integration of these technologies is essential to ensure precise and efficient healthcare delivery. This study explores the application of IoT-enabled, AI-driven systems for detecting and managing Dry Eye Disease (DED), emphasizing the use of prompt engineering to enhance system performance.

The Impact of AI Negative Feedback vs. Leader Negative Feedback on Employee Withdrawal Behavior: A Dual-Path Study of Emotion and Cognition.

In the workplace, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) is becoming increasingly widespread, including in employee performance management where AI feedback is gaining importance. Some companies are also using AI to provide negative feedback to employees. Our research compares the impact of AI negative feedback and leader negative feedback on employees.

Post-stroke dysphagia: Neurological regulation and recovery strategies.

Swallowing is a complex process requiring precise coordination of numerous muscles in the head and neck to smoothly guide ingested material from the mouth to the stomach. Animal and human studies have revealed a complex network of neurons in the brainstem, cortex, and cerebellum that coordinate normal swallowing. The interactions between these regions ensure smooth and efficient swallowing.

AlO porous ceramics with high strength by protein foaming method.

This study explores a novel technique of preparing porous ceramics using egg white protein foaming method, in which hydrophobically modified AlO particles self-assembly on the surface of protein bubbles to form a stable foam slurry, which is ultimately discharged and sintered to make porous AlO ceramics. And egg white protein was a non-toxic and harmless natural substance that functions simultaneously as a foaming agent, a binder, and a gelling agent, has a significant advantage over ordinary foaming agents. The effect of protein foam content on the microscopic morphology, pore distribution, and strength of the porous ceramics was investigated.

Non-pharmacological interventions of traditional Chinese medicine in treating polycystic ovary syndrome: a group consensus.

Background: To make a group consensus about non-pharmacological interventions of traditional Chinese medicine in treating polycystic ovary syndrome based on the previous guidelines, literature, and expert viewpoints.

Methods: Organized by Chinese Integrative Medicine & Traditional Chinese Medicine Academy, Chinese Maternal and Child Health Association, China, 29 experts from 18 Chinese provinces and 2 international experts, who specialize in gynecology, obstetrics, pediatrics, endocrinology, cardiovascular, psychology, reproductive genetics, nursing, acupuncture and tuina, traditional Chinese medicine, integrative medicine, and other disciplines, discussed and revised the recommendations one by one through in-person or online communication. Each recommendation was approved by ≥90% of the experts before it could be established.

Effect of Acupuncture on Dysphagia After Stroke: A Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: Post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) is a highly prevalent dysfunction after stroke, characterized by high mortality and seriously affecting the quality of life of patients. Previous studies have shown that acupuncture improves symptoms of PSD. However, repeated tests of significance may exaggerate Type I errors.

[Electroacupuncture of "Gongsun" (SP4) alleviates oxidative stress injury and promotes normal follicle development by regulating keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in rats with premature ovarian insufficiency].

Objectives: Based on the theory of "Gongsun (SP4) connects the Thoroughfare Vessel" of the "eight confluence acupoints", the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at SP4 on Kelch-like epichlorohydrin associated protein factor 1 (Keap1)/ nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2)/ heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) signaling pathway was observed in rats with premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) for exploring its underlying mechanisms in treating POI.

Methods: Thirty-two female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:blank, model, EA and medication, with 8 rats in each group. The POI model was established by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide.

Dietary herbs that interact with gut microbiota: roles as anti-stroke agents.

Unlabelled: Growing evidence suggests that dietary herbs can prevent stroke by regulating the composition and structure of gut microbiota. The components of dietary herbs can also be metabolized or converted into bioactive molecules for treating stroke by gut microbiota, and exert therapeutic effects by inhibiting inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and other processes caused by stroke. A deep understanding of the mechanism of gut microbiota-mediated dietary herbal intervention in stroke is of great significance for the treatment and drug screening of stroke diseases.

Multifunctional Injectable Bioadhesive with Toll-like Receptor 4 and Myeloid Differentiation Factor 2 Antagonistic Anti-inflammatory Potential for Periodontal Regeneration.

Effectively addressing inflammation in periodontitis is challenging as conventional injectable hydrogels typically require the addition of drugs to provide sufficient anti-inflammatory effects. To overcome this limitation, we developed a multifunctional injectable hydrogel with inherent properties that antagonize the Toll-like receptor 4 and myeloid differentiation factor 2 complex (TLR4-MD2). This hydrogel allows for direct inhibition of inflammatory pathways without the need for additional drugs.

Optimal immunotherapy duration in advanced NSCLC: defining the ideal treatment window.

Objective: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated substantial efficacy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the optimal duration of ICI therapy remains unclear, and limited real-world data are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between ICI therapy duration and overall survival (OS) in patients who achieved varying best overall response (BOR) during ICI treatment, and to compare patients treated for 6 to 18 months at least 18 months.

SUMOylation regulates GSDMD stability and pyroptosis.

Various post-translational modifications (PTMs), such as palmitoylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, have been shown to regulate pyroptosis. However, the role of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) modification, known as SUMOylation, in regulating GSDMD activity and pyroptosis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that inhibition of SUMOylation reduces inflammatory pyroptosis by downregulating GSDMD expression.

Efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation interventions on cognitive impairment: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The impact of noninvasive brain stimulation (NIBS) on cognitive and mental outcomes in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) remains under debate due to contradictory findings from systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs). To synthesize evidence from SRMAs assessing the effectiveness of NIBS techniques on cognitive and mental outcomes in AD and MCI populations. By comparing our findings to recent reviews and clinical guidelines, we highlight how this study addresses current limitations in the literature, provides a more holistic perspective on NIBS interventions, and guides future research and clinical practice.

Silica Nanoparticles Induce SH-SY5Y Cells Death Via PARP and Caspase Signaling Pathways.

A growing stream of research indicates that exposure to Silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) can cause nervous system damage, leading to the occurrence of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. However, the specific mechanism by which SiNPs cause neuroblast injury remains unclear and requires further research. This study established an in vitro experimental model of SH-SY5Y cells exposed to SiNPs and observed cell growth through an inverted fluorescence microscope.

Molecular and Transmission Characteristics of Strains Among College Students in Beijing, China.

Background: College students are a crucial link in curbing the epidemic. The aim of this study is to analyze the genetic diversity and drug resistance of strains in college students with tuberculosis in Beijing, revealing the lineage structure and transmission patterns specific to this group.

Methods: This study used the hospital's electronic management system to screen for tuberculosis among college students in Changping District, Beijing, from January 2004 to December 2023.

Emerging of Ultrafine Membraneless Organelles as the Missing Piece of Nanostress: Mechanism of Biogenesis and Implications at Multilevels.

Understanding the interaction between nanomaterials and cellular structures is crucial for nanoparticle applications in biomedicine. We have identified a subtype of stress granules, called nanomaterial-provoked stress granules (NSGs), induced by gold nanorods (AuNRs). These NSGs differ from traditional SGs in their physical properties and biological functions.