Ecotoxicological effects of the neonicotinoid insecticide dinotefuran on springtails (Folsomia candida) at soil residual concentration.

Dinotefuran, a third-generation neonicotinoid insecticide, is widely used in agriculture production due to its excellent insecticidal efficacy. Considering its persistence and high toxicity in soil, it is essential to evaluate its low-dose toxic effects on non-target soil organisms such as the springtail (Folsomia candida). The results revealed that the 7-day half lethal concentration (7d-LC) of dinotefuran contact toxicity to springtails was 0.

Toosendanin-induced liver damage through irreparable DNA damage and autophagy flow blockade.

Objective: The fruit of Melia toosendan Sieb. et Zucc. (MT) is known for its efficacy in relieving pain and treating roundworms.

Disorder-assisted real-momentum topological photonic crystal.

Topological defects and disorder counteract each other. Intuitively, disorder is considered detrimental, requiring efforts to mitigate its effects in conventional topological photonics. We propose a counter-intuitive approach that exploits a real-momentum topological photonic crystal that harnesses real-space disorder to generate a Pancharatnam-Berry phase, without disrupting the momentum-space singularity originating from bound states in the continuum.

Landscape analysis of m6A modification reveals the dysfunction of bone metabolism in osteoporosis mice.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a prevalent chronic bone metabolic disorder that affects the elderly population, leading to an increased susceptibility to bone fragility. Despite extensive research on the onset and progression of OP, the precise mechanisms underlying this condition remain elusive. The m6A modification, a prevalent form of chemical RNA modification, primarily regulates posttranscriptional processes, including RNA stability, splicing, and translation.

Consistent RNA expression and RNA modification patterns in cardiotoxicity induced by Matrine and Evodiamine.

Recent research has demonstrated the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and its active compounds in combating cancer, leading to an increasing utilization of TCM as adjunctive therapy in clinical oncology. However, the optimal dosage of TCM remains unclear, and excessive use may result in cardiotoxicity, which poses a significant health concern for patients undergoing systemic treatment. Therefore, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of cytotoxicity induced by TCM can provide valuable insights for clinical management.

D-Histidine modulated chiral metal-organic frameworks for discriminating 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine enantiomers based on a chemiluminescence quenching mode.

Background: Drug enantiomers often display distinguishable or even opposite pharmacological and toxicologic activities. Therefore it is of great necessity to discriminate enantiomers for guaranteeing safetyness and effectiveness of chiral drugs. Facile chiral discrimination has long been a noticeable challenge because of the minimal differences in physicochemical properties of enantiomers.

A sensitive PnpR-based biosensor for p-nitrophenol detection.

A common aromatic and phenolic pollutant, p-nitrophenol (PNP), is widely used in various industry and has serious risk to the environmental health. Biosensors have been extensively employed as an alternative technology for pollutants monitoring. By mining the new sensing elements, more specific biosensors could be characterized for highly sensitive detection.

Spin-Orbit-Locking Vectorial Metasurface Holography.

Vectorial metasurface holography, allowing for independent control over the amplitude, phase, and polarization distribution of holographic images enabled by metasurfaces, plays a crucial role in the realm of optical display, optical, and quantum communications. However, previous research on vectorial metasurface holography has typically been restricted to single degree of freedom input and single channel output, thereby demonstrating a very limited modulation capacity. This work presents a novel method to achieve multi-channel vectorial metasurface holography by harnessing spin-orbit-locking vortex beams.

Chiral Cobalt Nanocluster-Driven Chemiluminescent System for the Facile Discrimination of Carnitine Enantiomers with a Hydrogel-Assisted Strategy.

Facile chiral discrimination without relying on chromatographic techniques has long been a huge challenge due to the minimal differences in the physicochemical properties of enantiomers. Polysaccharide hydrogels with natural chiral selectivity can be promising materials for constructing chiral discrimination platforms. In this study, l-cysteine-induced cobalt nanoclusters (LC-CoNCs) were prepared and utilized as chiral nanozymes for promoting the chemiluminescent (CL) signal of a luminol-HO system.

General and Fast Gas-Solid Synthesis of Functional MXenes and Derivatives on the Scale of Tens of Grams.

The rising of MXenes not only enriches the two-dimensional material family but also brings more opportunities for diverse functional applications. However, the controllable synthesis of MXenes is still unsatisfied via the common liquid-solid etching route, considering the unsolved problems like safety risk, time cost and easy oxidation. Herein, a facile yet efficient gas-solid (G-S) reaction methodology is devised by using hydrogen fluoride gas derived from fluorinated organics as the MAX etchant toward high-efficiency fabrication of multiple MXenes and their derivatives.

Multiomics profiling uncovers curdione-induced reproductive toxicity in HTR-8/SVneo cells.

The assessment of medication toxicity and safety is pivotal during pregnancy. Curdione, a sesquiterpene compound extracted from , displays beneficial properties in terms of anti-inflammatory, tumor growth suppression, and anti-coagulative effects. However, its reproductive toxicity and precise mechanism remain unclear.

Comprehensive Profiling of Transcriptome and m6A Epitranscriptome Uncovers the Neurotoxic Effects of Yunaconitine on HT22 Cells.

Objective: To explore different mRNA transcriptome patterns and RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) alteration in yunaconitine (YA)-treated HT22 mouse hippocampal neuron, and uncover the role of abnormal mRNA expression and RNA m6A modification in YA-induced neurotoxicity.

Methods: HT22 cells were treated with 0, 5, 10, and 50 μM of YA for 72 h to evaluate their viability and GSH content. Subsequently, mRNA-seq and MeRIP-seq analyses were performed on HT22 cells treated with 0 and 10 μM YA for 72 h, and molecular docking was used to simulate interactions between YA and differentially expressed m6A regulators.

The MTR4/hnRNPK complex surveils aberrant polyadenylated RNAs with multiple exons.

RNA surveillance systems degrade aberrant RNAs that result from defective transcriptional termination, splicing, and polyadenylation. Defective RNAs in the nucleus are recognized by RNA-binding proteins and MTR4, and are degraded by the RNA exosome complex. Here, we detect aberrant RNAs in MTR4-depleted cells using long-read direct RNA sequencing and 3' sequencing.

Combining Multiple Omics with Molecular Dynamics Reveals SCP2-Mediated Cytotoxicity Effects of Aflatoxin B1 in SW480 Cells.

Aflatoxins belong to a class of mycotoxins, among which aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) has detrimental effects on the health of both animals and humans. It is associated with long-term exposure-induced carcinogenicity, hepatotoxicity, renal toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunosuppressive properties, resulting in a variety of diseases. The intestine is the first barrier for human exposure to AFB1, but limited investigations have been conducted to clarify the underlying mechanisms of intestinal cytotoxicity.

Exploring Molecular Heteroencoders with Latent Space Arithmetic: Atomic Descriptors and Molecular Operators.

A variational heteroencoder based on recurrent neural networks, trained with SMILES linear notations of molecular structures, was used to derive the following atomic descriptors: delta latent space vectors (DLSVs) obtained from the original SMILES of the whole molecule and the SMILES of the same molecule with the target atom replaced. Different replacements were explored, namely, changing the atomic element, replacement with a character of the model vocabulary not used in the training set, or the removal of the target atom from the SMILES. Unsupervised mapping of the DLSV descriptors with t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) revealed a remarkable clustering according to the atomic element, hybridization, atomic type, and aromaticity.

Pharmacokinetics of trastuzumab and its efficacy and safety in HER2-positive cancer patients.

Trastuzumab is a potent targeted therapy drug for HER2-positive cancer patients. A comprehensive understanding of trastuzumab's mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters, and steady-state exposure in different treatment regimens and administration routes is essential for a thorough evaluation of the drug's safety and effectiveness. Due to the distinctive pharmacokinetics, indications, and administration methods of trastuzumab, this understanding becomes crucial.

Identification and Validation of JAM-A as a Novel Prognostic and Immune Factor in Human Tumors.

Junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A), also known as F11 receptor (F11R), is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is involved in various biological processes, including cancer initiation and progression. However, the functional characteristics and significance of JAM-A in pan-cancer remain unexplored. In this study, we used multiple databases to gain a comprehensive understanding of JAM-A in human cancers.

Point-of-care testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa using PCN-222(Pt) prepared by nanoconfinement-guided protocol to catalyze gas generation reaction.

Background: Pathogenic bacteria are keeping threatening global public health since they can cause many infectious diseases. The traditional microorganism identification and molecular diagnostic techniques are insufficiently sensitive, time-consuming, or expensive. Thus it is of great interest to establish pressure signal-based sensing platforms for point-of-care testing of pathogenic bacteria to achieve timely diagnosis of infectious diseases.

Hybrid Mn Atomic Clusters/Single-Dispersed Atoms with Dual Antioxidant Activities for a Chemiluminescent Immunoassay.

Single-dispersed atoms (SDAs) as catalysts have drawn extensive attention due to their ultimate atom utilization efficiency and desirable catalytic capability. Atomic clusters (ACs) with potential multiple enzyme-like activities also display great practicability in catalysis-based biosensing. In this work, hybrid Mn ACs/SDAs were implanted in the frameworks of defect-engineered MIL 101(Cr) modulated by excess acetic acid, with a high loading capability of 13.

Involvement of autophagy in mesaconitine-induced neurotoxicity in HT22 cells revealed through integrated transcriptomic, proteomic, and m6A epitranscriptomic profiling.

Mesaconitine (MA), a diester-diterpenoid alkaloid extracted from the medicinal herb , is commonly used to treat various diseases. Previous studies have indicated the potent toxicity of aconitum despite its pharmacological activities, with limited understanding of its effects on the nervous system and the underlying mechanisms. HT22 cells and zebrafish were used to investigate the neurotoxic effects of MA both and , employing multi-omics techniques to explore the potential mechanisms of toxicity.

Integrating Epigenetics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics to Reveal the Involvement of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway in Oridonin-Induced Reproductive Toxicity.

Oridonin is the primary active component in the traditional Chinese medicine , displaying anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and antibacterial effects. It is widely employed in clinical therapy for acute and chronic pharyngitis, tonsillitis, as well as bronchitis. Nevertheless, the clinical application of oridonin is significantly restricted due to its reproductive toxicity, with the exact mechanism remaining unclear.

Gelsenicine disrupted the intestinal barrier of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Gelsemium elegans Benth. (G. elegans) is a traditional medicinal herb that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, sedative, and detumescence effects.

Multifunctional Vanadium Nitride-Modified Separator for High-Performance Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are recognized as among the best potential alternative battery systems to lithium-ion batteries and have been widely investigated. However, the shuttle effect has severely restricted the advancement in their practical applications. Here, we prepare vanadium nitride (VN) nanoparticles grown in situ on a nitrogen-doped carbon skeleton (denoted as VN@NC) derived from the MAX phase and use it as separator modification materials for LSBs to suppress the shuttle effect and optimize electrochemical performance.