Spermidine attenuates chondrocyte inflammation and cellular pyroptosis through the AhR/NF-κB axis and the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pathway.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent chronic degenerative disease, marked by a complex interplay of mechanical stress, inflammation, and metabolic imbalances. Recent studies have highlighted the potential of spermidine (SPD), a naturally occurring polyamine known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as a promising therapeutic agent for OA. This study delves into the therapeutic efficacy and mechanistic pathways of SPD in mitigating OA symptoms.

Comparative in vitro toxicological effects of water-soluble and insoluble components of atmospheric PM on human lung cells.

Fine particulates in city air significantly impact human health, but the hazardous compositional mechanisms are still unclear. Besides the toxicity of environmental PM to in vitro human lung epithelial cells (A549), the independent cytotoxicity of PM-bound water-soluble (WS-PM) and water-insoluble (WIS-PM) fractions were also compared by cell viability, oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species, ROS), and inflammatory injury (IL-6 and TNF-α). The cytotoxicity of PM varied significantly by sampling season and place, with degrees greater in winter and spring than in summer and autumn, related to corresponding trend of air PM level, and also higher in industrial than urban site, although their PM pollution levels were comparable.

Airborne environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in PM from combustion sources: Abundance, cytotoxicity and potential exposure risks.

As an emerging atmospheric pollutant, airborne environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) are formed during many combustion processes and pose various adverse health effects. In health-oriented air pollution control, it is vital to evaluate the health effects of atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM) from different emission sources. In this study, various types of combustion-derived PM were collected on filters in a partial-flow dilution tunnel sampling system from three typical emission sources: coal combustion, biomass burning, and automobile exhaust.

Tetracycline and sulfadiazine toxicity in human liver cells Huh-7.

As typical antibiotics, tetracycline (TC) and sulfadiazine (SDZ) enter the human body through the food chain. Therefore, it is necessary to understand their individual and combined toxicity. In this study, the effects of TC, SDZ, and their mixture on cell viability, cell membrane damage, liver cell damage, and oxidative damage were evaluated in in vitro assays with human liver cells Huh-7.

Impact of gut microbiota and associated mechanisms on postprandial glucose levels in patients with diabetes.

Diabetes and its complications are serious medical and global burdens, often manifesting as postprandial hyperglycemia. In recent years, considerable research attention has focused on relationships between the gut microbiota and circulating postprandial glucose (PPG). Different population studies have suggested that PPG is closely related to the gut microbiota which may impact PPG via short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), bile acids (BAs) and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO).

The Bcr-Abl inhibitor DCC-2036 inhibits necroptosis and ameliorates osteoarthritis by targeting RIPK1 and RIPK3 kinases.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic progressive degenerative joint disease. Owing to its complex pathogenesis, OA treatment is typically challenging. Necroptosis is a form of programmed cell death mainly mediated by the serine/threonine kinases, RIPK1 and RIPK3, and mixed lineage kinase-like domain (MLKL).

Obesity and Coronavirus Disease 2019.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought severe challenges to global public health. Many studies have shown that obesity plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of COVID-19. Obesity exacerbates COVID-19, leading to increased intensive care unit hospitalization rate, high demand for invasive mechanical ventilation, and high mortality.

Ginsenoside Compound K Ameliorates Osteoarthritis by Inhibiting the Chondrocyte Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated IRE1α-TXNIP-NLRP3 Axis and Pyroptosis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease, and studies have reported that the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in chondrocytes caused by the cartilage tissue damage could mediate the activation of Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes through inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α) and thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP). Ginsenoside compound K (CK) has an inhibitory effect on IRE1α activation. However, the role of IRE1α-TXNIP and its interaction with CK are still unclear.

Role of adiponectin in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a widespread and most common joint disease which leads to social cost increasing accompany with aging population. Surgery is often the final treatment option. The major progression of OA includes cartilage degradation caused by chondrocytes metabolism imbalance.

Effects of contralateral nephrectomy timing and ischemic conditions on kidney fibrosis after unilateral kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Animal models are tools for studying the AKI-CKD progression. Kidney ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) models, especially the unilateral IRI (uIRI) model with delayed contralateral kidney resection, are commonly used to induce fibrotic progression to CKD after AKI.

Modification effects of ambient temperature on ozone-mortality relationships in Chengdu, China.

A multitude of epidemiological studies have demonstrated that both ambient temperatures and air pollution are closely related to health outcomes. However, whether temperature has modification effects on the association between ozone and health outcomes is still debated. In this study, three parallel time-series Poisson generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to examine the effects of modifying ambient temperatures on the association between ozone and mortality (including non-accidental, respiratory, and cardiovascular mortality) in Chengdu, China, from 2014 to 2016.

Supported Pt-Cu bimetallic catalysts: preparation and synergic effects in their catalytic oxidative degradation of aniline.

Catalytic Fenton oxidation is an effective way to remove organic pollutants in water, and the performance of the catalyst is a key issue for the competiveness of this method. In this work, various supported bimetallic Pt-Cu catalysts were prepared by different impregnation methods and their performances for catalytic Fenton oxidation of aniline in water were investigated. In the different impregnation methods employed, factors including the reduction method of the metal precursor, type of catalytic support, and loading of metal were investigated.

[Interactive Effects of the Influencing Factors on the Changes of O Concentrations Based on GAMs Model in Chengdu].

To explore the influence characteristics of the interaction effects between meteorological factors on ozone(O) concentration in Chengdu, daily air pollutants and meteorological data from 2014 to 2019 were collected. Generalized additive models(GAMs) were adopted to explore the effects of different factors on O concentration. The results showed that the relationship between O and maximum temperature, sunshine hours, relative humidity, wind speed, precipitation, maximum mixed depth(MMD), and ventilation coefficient(VC) was non-linear.

JUNB-FBXO21-ERK axis promotes cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis by inhibiting autophagy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous disease that is extremely hard to cure owing to its complex regulation network of pathogenesis, especially cartilage degeneration. FBXO21 is a subunit of ubiquitin E3 ligases that degrades P-glycoprotein and EID1 by ubiquitination and activates the JNK and p38 pathways; however, its role in OA remains unknown. Here, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential effects and mechanism of FBXO21 in OA degeneration, we revealed that FBXO21 is upregulated in the cartilage of patients with OA, aging, and monosodium iodoacetate-induced OA rats, and chondrocytes treated with interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and lipopolysaccharide.

Design a novel integrated screw for minimally invasive atlantoaxial anterior transarticular screw fixation: a finite element analysis.

Purpose: To design a new type of screw for minimally invasive atlantoaxial anterior transarticular screw (AATS) fixation with a diameter that is significantly thicker than that of traditional screws, threaded structures at both ends, and a porous metal structure in the middle. The use of a porous metal structure can effectively promote bone fusion and compensate for the disadvantages of traditional AATSs in terms of insufficient fixation strength and difficulty of bone fusion. The biomechanical stability of this screw was verified through finite element analysis.

Moderate Mechanical Stimulation Protects Rats against Osteoarthritis through the Regulation of TRAIL via the NF-B/NLRP3 Pathway.

The aim of this study was to examine exercise-related genes in articular cartilage identified through bioinformatics analysis to dissect the potential signaling pathway involved in mechanical stimulation in osteoarthritis (OA). To this end, we evaluated the GSE74898 dataset from the Gene Expression Omnibus database for exercise-related differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) using the R software package and predicted potential target genes for these miRNAs using miRTarBase. Functional annotation and pathway enrichment analysis were performed for these potential DE-miRNA targets.

Maresin-1 suppresses IL-1β-induced MMP-13 secretion by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway and inhibiting the NF-κB pathway in synovioblasts of an osteoarthritis rat model with treadmill exercise.

: Maresin-1 is a metabolite of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) that has potential anti-inflammatory effects. To explore whether maresin-1 changes and has a therapeutic effect in osteoarthritis (OA) model rats undergoing treadmill exercise, we examined endogenous maresin-1 in a single-session treadmill experiment and OA model rats were treated with maresin-1, moreover, we examined the effects of maresin-1 on IL-1β induced rat fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) and possible mechanisms.: In single-session treadmill experiment, 48 rats were randomly divided into 3 groups and performed three different intensities of exercise (15.

Temperature inversions in the atmospheric boundary layer and lower troposphere over the Sichuan Basin, China: Climatology and impacts on air pollution.

The Sichuan Basin (SB) is one of the four most severely polluted regions in China in terms of air quality, and the frequent generation of temperature inversions is a key factor. The deep mountain-basin topography and the geographical location adjacent to the Tibetan Plateau combine to make the inversion characteristics of this region unique. Knowledge regarding these characteristics remains limited, however.

Unraveling How the H Treatment Helps Improve the Performances of Cu and Ag Loaded Y Zeolites for Adsorptive Desulfurization.

This work seeks for a better understanding on how the gas treatment process affected the structure of metal loaded zeolite Y (MY, M = Ag, Cu) adsorbants and how the structural changes affected the performances of the adsorbents for adsorptive desulfurization. A series of characterization tools including solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance were employed. Compared to the N treatment, the H treatment on the MY adsorbents led to the reduction of the loaded M components to their metallic state and, consequently, brought several structural changes to the zeolitic framework.

Protectin DX attenuates IL-1β-induced inflammation via the AMPK/NF-κB pathway in chondrocytes and ameliorates osteoarthritis progression in a rat model.

Protectin DX (PDX) has been reported to have extensive anti-inflammatory effects. However, it is unknown whether PDX acts as an anti-inflammatory agent in the context of osteoarthritis (OA). This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of PDX in vitro and in vivo in a model of OA.

Research on braking energy recovery strategy of electric vehicle based on ECE regulation and I curve.

Electric vehicles can convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electric energy for recycling. A reasonable braking force distribution strategy is the key to ensure braking stability and the energy recovery rate. For an electric vehicle, based on the ECE regulation curve and ideal braking force distribution (I curve), the braking force distribution strategy of the front and rear axles is designed to study the braking energy recovery control strategy.

Association of and polymorphisms with voriconazole-induced liver injury.

This study investigated the association between voriconazole-induced liver injury and gene polymorphisms of and . Thirty-eight adult patients who received voriconazole therapy were included in the study. Genotype of was detected using gene chip hybrid analysis.

The effect of the sub-minimal inhibitory concentration and the concentrations within resistant mutation window of ciprofloxacin on MIC, swimming motility and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Objective: To explore the effect of sub-minimal inhibitory concentration (sub-MIC) and concentrations within resistant mutation window (MSW) of ciprofloxacin (CIP) on minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), swimming motility and biofilm formation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and also to investigate the correlation between swimming motility and genes expression of lasI, lasR, rhlI, rhlR and pqsR.

Methods: The collected strains were incubated under four different concentrations for 5 days. The MIC and mutant prevention concentration (MPC) were measured by the agar dilution method.

Mutations in play an important role in ciprofloxacin-resistant .

Purpose: To investigate the main resistance mechanisms to fluoroquinolones (FQs) in and also to investigate the effect of time and concentration on mutations in resistance genes.

Materials And Methods: The clinical isolates of which are sensitive to ciprofloxacin (CIP) or levofloxacin (LEV) were collected. The isolates were incubated with different concentrations of CIP or LEV for 5 days and the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of CIP, LEV and ofloxacin (OFX) were measured.