Effects of volatile anaesthetics on incidence of postoperative depression and anxiety symptoms in elderly patients: A retrospective analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Studies have suggested volatile anaesthetics may alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms in patients. However, there is a paucity of research in this area. We wanted to determine the association between volatile anaesthetics and depression/anxiety symptoms in elderly patients within 7 days after surgery.

A plateau freshwater shallow lake as a significant CO sink during the ice-covered period: A case study of Lake Wuliangsuhai, China.

Lakes are essential for estimating the global CO budget. However, approximately 50 % of lakes undergo periodic freezing, and there is limited research on the factors influencing the CO cycle and ice formation in freshwater lakes located in middle- and high-latitude plateaus during ice-covered periods. Using high-frequency meteorological-flux data collected over six consecutive months during the 2018-2019 freezing period of Lake Wuliangsuhai, this study explored the diurnal variation, daily accumulation, and monthly accumulation of the CO cycle and its influencing mechanisms at a half-hour scale.

Ranking attention multiple instance learning for lymph node metastasis prediction on multicenter cervical cancer MRI.

Purpose: In the current clinical diagnostic process, the gold standard for lymph node metastasis (LNM) diagnosis is histopathological examination following surgical lymphadenectomy. Developing a non-invasive and preoperative method for predicting LNM is necessary and holds significant clinical importance.

Methods: We develop a ranking attention multiple instance learning (RA-MIL) model that integrates convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and ranking attention pooling to diagnose LNM from T2 MRI.

CMTM4 inhibits gastric tumorigenesis and metastasis.

Background: CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing 4 (CMTM4) is involved in immune regulation and tumor progression; however, its role in gastric cancer (GC) remains unclear. This study explored the role and mechanism of CMTM4 in GC.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze CMTM4 expression in human gastric biopsied cells from patients with GC (N=23) or chronic superficial gastritis (N=23).

SIRT6 alleviates senescence induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis in human gingival fibroblasts.

Objective: Bidirectional influences between senescence and inflammation are newly discovered. This study aimed to clarify the roles and mechanism of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in exacerbating senescence in human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).

Dispersion and Lubrication of Zinc Stearate in Polypropylene/Sodium 4-[(4-chlorobenzoyl) amino] Benzoate Nucleating Agent Composite.

Zinc stearate (Znst) was physically blended with the sodium 4-[(4 chlorobenzoyl) amino] benzoate (SCAB) to obtain the SCAB-Znst composite nucleating agent. Znst was used to improve the dispersion property of SCAB and exert a lubricating effect on the PP matrix. The scanning electron microscopy and the fracture surface morphology of the PP/SCAB composite illustrated that the addition of Znst greatly reduced the aggregation phenomenon of SCAB in the PP matrix.

Lattice Matching and Microstructure of the Aromatic Amide Fatty Acid Salts Nucleating Agent on the Crystallization Behavior of Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate.

To solve the decrease in the crystallization, mechanical and thermal properties of recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET) during mechanical recycling, the aromatic amide fatty acid salt nucleating agents Na-4-ClBeAmBe, Na-4-ClBeAmGl and Na-4-ClAcAmBe were synthesized and the rPET/nucleating agent blend was prepared by melting blending. The molecular structure, the thermal stability, the microstructure and the crystal structure of the nucleating agent were characterized in detail. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) result indicated that the addition of the nucleating agent improved the crystallization temperature and accelerated the crystallization rate of the rPET.

Age-dependent coupling characteristics of bilateral frontal EEG during desflurane anesthesia.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the age dependence of bilateral frontal electroencephalogram (EEG) coupling characteristics, and find potential age-independent depth of anesthesia monitoring indicators for the elderlies.We recorded bilateral forehead EEG data from 41 patients (ranged in 19-82 years old), and separated into three age groups: 18-40 years (= 12); 40-65 years (= 14), >65 years (= 15). All these patients underwent desflurane maintained general anesthesia (GA).

Cmtm4 deficiency exacerbates colitis by inducing gut dysbiosis and S100a8/9 expression.

The dysfunction of innate immunity components is one of the major drivers for ulcerative colitis (UC), and increasing reports indicate that the gut microbiome serves as an intermediate between genetic mutations and UC development. Here, we find that the IL-17 receptor subunit, CMTM4, is reduced in UC patients and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. The deletion of CMTM4 (Cmtm4) in mice leads to a higher susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis than in wild-type, and the gut microbiome significantly changes in composition.

Prelimbic cortical pyramidal neurons to ventral tegmental area projections promotes arousal from sevoflurane anesthesia.

Aims: General anesthesia has been used in surgical procedures for approximately 180 years, yet the precise mechanism of anesthetic drugs remains elusive. There is significant anatomical connectivity between the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the prelimbic cortex (PrL). Projections from VTA dopaminergic neurons (VTA ) to the PrL play a role in the transition from sevoflurane anesthesia to arousal.

Efficient caproic acid production from lignocellulosic biomass by bio-augmented mixed microorganisms.

Producing caproic acid via carboxylate platform is an environmentally-friendly approach for treating lignocellulosic agricultural waste. However, its implementation is still challenged by low product yields and selectivity. A microbiome named cellulolytic acid-producing microbiome (DCB), proficient in producing cellulolytic acid, was successfully acquired and shows promise for producing high-level caproic acid.

Sevoflurane exerts antidepressant-like effects via the BDNF-TrkB pathway.

Depression has emerged as the predominant psychiatric affliction affecting individuals. Prior research has substantiated the antidepressant properties exhibited by numerous anesthetics. Sevoflurane, a widely utilized inhalant anesthetic in clinical practice, remains relatively uncharted in terms of its specific antidepressant effects.

AgPO enables the generation of long-lived radical cations for visible light-driven [2 + 2] and [4 + 2] pericyclic reactions.

Photocatalytic redox reactions are important for synthesizing fine chemicals from olefins, but the limited lifetime of radical cation intermediates severely restricts semiconductor photocatalysis efficiency. Here, we report that AgPO can efficiently catalyze intramolecular and intermolecular [2 + 2] and Diels-Alder cycloadditions under visible-light irradiation. The approach is additive-free, catalyst-recyclable.

Efficacy of non-pharmacological interventions for primary dysmenorrhoea: a systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Objectives: To assess the relative benefits of various non-pharmacological interventions on treating primary dysmenorrhoea within a network meta-analysis.

Study Design: Systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Inclusion Criteria: Randomised controlled trial involving patient with primary dysmenorrhoea and received non-pharmacological interventions.

Symptom clusters and characteristics of cervical cancer patients receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy: A cross-sectional study.

Background: Cervical cancer patients have a high symptom burden during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and urgently need precise symptom management strategies. Nonetheless, the symptom profile and influencing factors are unclear.

Methods: A total of 234 patients with cervical cancer who underwent CCRT in a tertiary care hospital clinical oncology center in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from March 2022 to March 2023 were included in the study.

Predicting pathological complete response based on weakly and semi-supervised joint learning from breast cancer MRI.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is the standard treatment for breast cancer patients. Patients achieving complete pathological response (pCR) after NAC usually have a good prognosis. However, automatic pCR prediction has been a challenging problem due to lacking well annotations in 3D MRI.

Transcranial alternating current stimulation ameliorates emotional attention through neural oscillations modulation.

Background: Numerous clinical reports have suggested that psychopathy like schizophrenia, anxiety and depression is accompanied by early attentional abnormalities in emotional processing. Recently, the efficacy of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) in changing emotional functioning has been repeatedly observed and demonstrated a causal relationship between endogenous oscillations and emotional processing.

Aims: Up to now, tACS effects on emotional attention have not yet been tested.

Numerical prediction of glass molding process for 3D curved screen.

With the rapid development of consumer electronics industry, the demand for 3D curved screen in industry is also growing. At present, 3D curved screen is mass produced through glass molding process. However, due to the complex rheological properties of glass melt and the intricate deformation mechanism of glass molding process, the final geometry of the screen is difficult to predict.

Ventrolateral periaqueductal gray GABAergic neurons promote arousal of sevoflurane anesthesia through cortico-midbrain circuit.

The mechanism of general anesthesia remains elusive. The ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG) in the midbrain regulates sleep and awake states. However, the role of vlPAG and its circuits in anesthesia is unclear.

Mental health changes in elderly patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has a heavy impact on the mental health of elderly surgical patients worldwide. In particular, the elderly patients faced considerable psychological stress due to various environmental and medical factors during the outbreak. This study aims to examine changes in mental health trends among non-cardiac surgical patients aged 65 and above in China during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Improved Optimization of a Coextrusion Die with a Complex Geometry Using the Coupling Inverse Design Method.

The main challenge in a polymer coextrusion process is to have a good die design prior to the process, which can minimize the geometric errors that are caused by extrusion swell and interface motion. For this purpose, a coupling method of optimization and inverse design for a coextrusion die was studied for a medical striped catheter. In the study, the main material was thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and the auxiliary material was TPU filled with 30 wt% barium sulfate.