Structural Characteristics of Ziziphus jujuba dates Polysaccharide and Its Protective Effect Against Colitis.

The aim of this study was to comprehensively analyze the structural characteristics of Ziziphus jujuba dates polysaccharide (ZJP-I) and its potential activity against colitis in vivo. A series of advanced analytical techniques, including ion exchange chromatography, gel column chromatography, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), were used to characterize the structure of ZJP-I. The results showed that the molecular weight of ZJP-I was 2.

Structural and in vitro anticancer properties of the kaempferol-lactoferrin complex.

Lactoferrin and polyphenols are common natural functional compounds. Their interactions and the consequential alterations in functional activity have received widespread attention. The work aimed to investigate the interaction between lactoferrin and kaempferol, as well as evaluate the in vitro anticancer properties of the lactoferrin-kaempferol complex.

Enhancing Functional Properties and Protein Structure of Almond Protein Isolate Using High-Power Ultrasound Treatment.

The suitability of a given protein for use in food products depends heavily on characteristics such as foaming capacity, emulsifiability, and solubility, all of which are affected by the protein structure. Notably, protein structure, and thus characteristics related to food applications, can be altered by treatment with high-power ultrasound (HUS). Almonds are a promising source of high-quality vegetable protein for food products, but their physicochemical and functional properties remain largely unexplored, limiting their current applications in foods.

Exogenous 24-Epibrassinolide Enhanced Drought Tolerance and Promoted BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE2 Expression of Quinoa.

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are involved in the regulation of biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. The molecular mechanisms of BRs that alleviate the drought stress in quinoa have rarely been reported. Here, quinoa seedlings were treated with 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) and we transiently transferred to the quinoa seedlings' leaves using VIGS technology to analyze the molecular mechanism of the BR mitigation drought stress.

Novel miRNA-based biomarker panel for detection β-agonists in goats.

miRNA sequencing was applied in this work to screen miRNA biomarkers related to β-agonists from the test and control goat samples. A total of 10 selected miRNAs were proven by qRT-PCR to be able to separate treatment cell groups from the control. With previously reported differentially expressed genes (DEGs), we used target gene prediction to build a miRNA-mRNA regulatory network related to β-agonists, which validated the miRNA biomarkers and provided a reference for identifying the mechanism of β-agonists.

Discovery of potential transcriptional biomarkers in broiler chicken for detection of amantadine abuse based on RNA sequencing technology.

The aim of this study was to identify candidate transcriptional biomarkers so as to provide a new method for monitoring amantadine residues during the feeding of broiler chicken. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatic analyses were conducted to examine the transcriptomic changes and screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in broiler chicken breast muscle and liver tissues treated with amantadine. The results indicated that a total of 170 DEGs were screened from broiler chicken breast muscle tissues after amantadine was fed.

Genetic traceability practices in a large-size beef company in China.

An effective and trustworthy traceability system is important for food safety and quality; however, traditional traceability systems that only rely on the recording method do not completely prevent food fraud. DNA-based traceability techniques facilitate seamless connectivity within the entire food supply chain. A convenient and low-cost ear tag device was invented for collecting animal blood samples as an identity control, and a panel including 12 single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) loci was selected to distinguish individuals with a matching probability of 1.

Identification of meat from yak and cattle using SNP markers with integrated allele-specific polymerase chain reaction-capillary electrophoresis method.

Correct species identification is necessary for meat product quality assurance. Genetic markers are useful tools to accurately determine the animal source of meat products. To better protect yak meat and its products, ten single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) loci from bovine meat-related genes and one positive control primer set were selected to discriminate meat sourced from yak or cattle.

Identification of transcriptional biomarkers by RNA-sequencing for improved detection of β2-agonists abuse in goat skeletal muscle.

In this paper, high-throughput RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to search for transcriptional biomarkers for β2-agonists. In combination with drug mechanisms, a smaller group of genes with higher detection accuracy was screened out. Unknown samples were first predicted by this group of genes, and liquid chromatograph tandem mass spectrometer (LC-MS/MS) was applied to positive samples to validate the biomarkers.

New Analytical Tool for the Detection of Ractopamine Abuse in Goat Skeletal Muscle by Potential Gene Expression Biomarkers.

In this study, quantification of mRNA gene expression was examined as biomarkers to detect ractopamaine abuse and ractopamaine residues in cashmere goats. It was focused on the identification of potential gene expression biomarkers and describing the coreletionship between gene expression and residue level by 58 animals for 49 days. The results showed that administration periods and residue levels significantly influenced mRNA expressions of the β2-adrenergic receptor (β2AR), the enzymes PRKACB, ADCY3, ATP1A3, ATP2A3, PTH, and MYLK, and the immune factors IL-1β and TNF-α.

Comparative study between macrolide regulatory proteins MphR(A) and MphR(E) in ligand identification and DNA binding based on the rapid in vitro detection system.

The macrolide regulatory protein MphR(A) has been widely studied and used in various aspects such as metabolism monitoring, exogenous gene expression, and in vivo and in vitro macrolide antibiotic screening. Another macrolide regulatory protein, MphR(E), has rarely been reported. In this study, in vitro ELISA-type systems were established for MphR(A) and MphR(E) to study their correlation.