Pyroptosis associated with immune reconstruction failure in HIV-1- infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) can successfully suppress human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) viral replication and reconstruct immune function reconstruction in HIV-1-infected patients. However, about 15-30% of HIV-1-infected patients still fail to recover their CD4 T cell counts after HAART treatment, which means immune reconstruction failure. Pyroptosis plays an important role in the death of CD4 T cells in HIV-1- infected patients.