A Sweet Almond Globulin Multifunctional Peptide: Identification, In Silico Screening, Restraint Mechanisms to Keap1 and ACE, and Antihypertensive and Ferrous Transport Efficiency.

Sweet almond expeller is an abundant protein resource, but there are few studies on multifunctional peptides. The purpose of this study is to improve its application in food and medical industries. This study investigated the identification, screening, and action mechanisms of antihypertensive peptides with antioxidant and ferrous binding activities derived from sweet almond globulin hydrolysates using intergrade in vitro and in silico methods and an animal model.

Microglial repopulation alleviates surgery-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in a ZEB1-dependent manner.

Microglia play a crucial role in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). This study investigated the effects of microglial depletion and subsequent repopulation on POCD and its underlying mechanisms. An aged mouse model of POCD was induced by partial hepatectomy, and the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R) inhibitor PLX5622 was administered to facilitate microglial depletion and repopulation.

Diffusing diffusivity model of a polymer moving on a spherical surface.

The movement of a polymer is modeled by Brownian motion accompanied with a fluctuating diffusion coefficient when the polymer is in contact with a chemostatted monomer bath triggering the chain polymerization, which is called a diffusing diffusivity (DD) model. In this paper, we extend the DD model from three dimensional Euclidean space to a two dimensional spherical surface. The DD model on the spherical surface is described by a coupling Langevin system in the directions of longitude and latitude, while the diffusion coefficient is characterized by the birth and death chain.

Integrating genome-wide association studies and transcriptomics prioritizes drug targets for meningioma.

Meningioma, a prevalent central nervous system tumour, presents a significant challenge in neuro-oncology. This study harnesses genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and transcriptomic analysis to illuminate the pathological underpinnings of meningioma and spearhead the discovery of novel drug targets. By employing summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR), colocalization analyses and Mendelian randomization, we pinpointed four genes as pivotal therapeutic targets.

GSFM: A genome-scale functional module transformation to represent drug efficacy for drug discovery.

Pharmacotranscriptomic profiles, which capture drug-induced changes in gene expression, offer vast potential for computational drug discovery and are widely used in modern medicine. However, current computational approaches neglected the associations within gene‒gene functional networks and unrevealed the systematic relationship between drug efficacy and the reversal effect. Here, we developed a new genome-scale functional module (GSFM) transformation framework to quantitatively evaluate drug efficacy for drug discovery.

The response of chlorophyll a to nutrient and hydro-meteorological factors in Lake Taihu.

Chlorophyll a (Chla) concentration is a key indicator of the biomass of phytoplankton such as algae in freshwater ecosystems. Understanding its response to nutrient and hydro-meteorological factors is vital for managing eutrophication in Lake Taihu, one of China's largest freshwater lakes. This study investigates Chla dynamics in relation to nutrient levels (nitrogen, phosphorus, etc.

COVID-19 patient serum-derived extracellular vesicles deliver miR-20b-5p induces neutrophil extracellular traps.

Background: Severe cases of COVID-19 are characterized by an excessive presence of neutrophils. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), released by activated neutrophils due to SARS-CoV-2 infection, contribute to lung epithelial cell death and are key drivers in COVID-19-associated immunothrombosis. However, the mechanism underlying NET formation in COVID-19 remain unclear.

Single-Cell Landscape of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Identifies Specific Neutrophils during Septic Immunosuppression.

Sepsis-induced immunosuppression is related to increased susceptibility to secondary infections and death. Lung is the most vulnerable target organ in sepsis, but the understanding of the pulmonary immunosuppression state is still limited. Here, single-cell RNA sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) is performed to map the landscape of immune cells, revealing a neutrophil-driven immunosuppressive program in the lungs of patients with immunosuppressive sepsis.

Phytobezoar-induced intestinal obstruction relieved via enteroscopy.

Phytobezoar-induced intestinal obstruction is a rare condition caused by previous gastric surgery and consumption of tannin-containing foods. Laparoscopy used to be a common treatment to relieve intestinal obstruction due to phytobezoars. We reported a rare case of phytobezoar-induced intestinal obstruction caused by over-consuming fresh hawthorns, and successfully treated with enteroscopy.

Angiotensin (1-7) Improves Pancreatic Islet Function via Upregulating PDX-1 and GCK: A Dose-Dependent Study in Mice.

This study aimed to verify the effect of angiotensin (1-7) on improving islet function and further explore the signaling pathway that may be involved in this improvement. It also aimed to explore the effects of angiotensin (1-7) on blood glucose levels, islet function, and morphological changes in db/db mice and its potential signal pathway. Forty-five db/db mice were divided randomly into a model control group and different doses of angiotensin (1-7) intervention groups (0, 150, 300, and 600 g/kg/d), while seven db/m mice were assigned as the normal control group.

DMEDH: diffusion model-boosted multiplane extrapolation for digital holographic reconstruction.

Digital holography can reconstruct the amplitude and phase information of the target light field. However, the reconstruction quality is largely limited by the size of the hologram. Multi-plane holograms can impose constraints for reconstruction, yet the quality of the reconstructed images continues to be restricted owing to the deficiency of effective prior information constraints.

Planting Enhances Soil Resistance to Microplastics: Evidence from Carbon Emissions and Dissolved Organic Matter Stability.

Microplastics (MPs) have become a global hotspot due to their widespread distribution in recent years. MPs frequently interact with dissolved organic matter (DOM) and microbes, thereby influencing the carbon fate of soils. However, the role of plant presence in regulating MPs-mediated changes in the DOM and microbial structure remains unclear.

A Rat Model of Compound Acne.

Acne vulgaris is a prevalent chronic skin condition characterized by the presence of comedones, papules, and pustules on the face, neck, and chest. To simulate the inflammation of acne vulgaris, this protocol details an approach to establish a compound acne rodent model by inducing acne inflammation in rat ears using oleic acid and Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes).

Development and internal validation of a clinical prediction model for individualized dosing of BAY 81-8973, A full-length recombinant factor VIII, in pediatric patients with haemophilia A.

Background: As the most commonly used coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) concentrate in China, the individualized dosing prediction model of Kovaltry (BAY81-8973) is not fully investigated in pediatric patients. The prophylaxis tailored by population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model can optimize dosing regimens.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop PopPK models of BAY 81-8973 in pediatric patients, identify quantitative relationships of blood type (as a substitution for von Willebrand factor) on FVIII clearance and provide model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) procedures.

Histopathologic pattern and molecular risk stratification are associated with prognosis in patients with stage IB lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The benefit of adjuvant therapy remains controversial in completely resected (R0) stage IB non-small cell lung cancer (NCLSC) patients. In this study, we aimed to explore potential prognostic factors in stage IB NSCLC patients.

Methods: This study included 215 patients with R0 stage IB lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) (tumor size: 3-4 cm).

Transcriptomic analysis reveals transcription factors implicated in radon-induced lung carcinogenesis.

Background: Radon, a potent carcinogen, is a significant catalyst for lung cancer development. However, the molecular mechanisms triggering radon-induced lung cancer remain elusive.

Methods: Utilizing a radon exposure concentration of 20,000 Bq/m3 for 20 min/session, malignant transformation was induced in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B).

Construction of tissue engineered cornea with skin-derived corneal endothelial-like cell and mechanism research for the cell differentiation.

Introduction: Corneal endothelial transplantation accounts for most of corneal transplantation for treating corneal diseases, however severe shortage of corneal donors is the biggest obstacle. In our previous study, we differentiated human skin-derived precursors (SKPs) into corneal endothelial cell (CEC)-like cells with a co-culture system. In this study, we aimed to investigate cell differentiation molecular mechanism and evaluate the function of CEC-like cells by developing tissue-engineered corneas in order to improve cell production efficiency and provide basic research for clinical transformation.