Real-time lung extraction from synthesized x-rays improves pulmonary image-guided radiotherapy.

Lung tumors can be obscured in X-rays, preventing accurate and robust localization. To improve lung conspicuity for image-guided procedures, we isolate the lungs in the anterior-posterior (AP) X-rays using a lung extraction network (LeX-net) that virtually removes overlapping thoracic structures, including ribs, diaphragm, liver, heart, and trachea. Approach: 73,965 thoracic 3DCTs and 106 thoracic 4DCTs were included.

Predictive Value of Epicardial Adipose Tissue for Hemorrhagic Transformation and Functional Outcomes in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Undergoing Intravenous Thrombolysis Therapy.

Purpose: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a severe complication in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing intravenous thrombolysis therapy (IVT). Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) contributes to the development of AIS and the disruption of the blood-brain barrier. This study aims to investigate the relationship between EAT and the risk of HT, as well as functional outcomes, in AIS patients treated with IVT.

Molecular prevalence and genotype identification of in cattle and goats from Zhejiang Province, China.

Introduction: () is a widespread intracellular fungi that poses a significant zoonotic threat due to its infectivity toward both humans and animals.

Methods: To evaluate the zoonotic transmission potential of this fungi, a molecular investigation was undertaken on in cattle and goats reared across multiple cities in Zhejiang Province, China. A total of 651 fresh samples were collected, consisting of 265 cattle and 386 goats.

Combining APCS-MLR model to evaluate the distribution and sources of rare earth elements in a large catchment.

Rare earth elements (REEs), functioning as indicators for environmental tracking, revealing the impacts of human activities on changes in aquatic ecosystems. However, systematic research on the geochemical characteristics of REEs in large river basins remains relatively scarce. Therefore, this research investigates the geochemical properties of REEs within the Yangtze River basin, analyzing the quantity and spatial distribution of REEs in surface aquatic environments across the upstream, midstream, and downstream segments of the Yangtze River, and quantitatively assessing their sources.

Determining the evaporation and evolution of surface water in a large catchment using isotopes and multiple models.

The evolution and formation mechanisms of chemical components in surface water can reflect changes in the geological background of a basin and the extent of human interference. The Yangtze River basin is the largest water source area in China, yet its main ion sources and formation mechanisms are not fully understood. This study uses a combination of hydrochemistry, stable isotopes (δO, δD), the Craig-Gordon model, and the APCS-MLR model to quantitatively assess the water source replenishment and evaporation intensity of surface water in the Yangtze River.

Insights into the seasonal characteristics of single particle aerosols in Chengdu based on SPAMS.

To investigate the seasonal characteristics in air pollution in Chengdu, a single particle aerosol mass spectrometry was used to continuously observe atmospheric fine particulate matter during one-month periods in summer and winter, respectively. The results showed that, apart from O, the concentrations of other pollutants (CO, NO, SO, PM and PM) were significantly higher in winter than in summer. All single particle aerosols were divided into seven categories: biomass burning (BB), coal combustion (CC), Dust, vehicle emission (VE), K mixed with nitrate (K-NO), K mixed with sulfate and nitrate (K-SN), and K mixed with sulfate (K-SO) particles.

Comprehensively prognostic and immunological analyses of GLP-1 signaling-related genes in pan-cancer and validation in colorectal cancer.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has crucial impact on glycemic control and weight loss physiologically. GLP-1 receptor agonists have been approved for treatment of diabetes and obesity. Emerging evidence suggests that GLP-1 receptor agonists exert anticancer effect in tumorigenesis and development.

Au(I)/Sc(III)-co-catalyzed tandem spiroannulation/cycloisomerization of 3-(2-ethynylaryl)--tosylaziridines with indoles to access 5-benzo[]carbazoles.

An unusual spiroannulation/cycloisomerization cascade of 3-(2-ethynylaryl)--tosylaziridines with indoles enabled by cooperative gold/scandium catalysis is presented, which facilitates the synthesis of 5-benzo[]carbazoles in moderate to excellent yields. This protocol features a broad substrate scope and good functional-group compatibility. Additionally, the resulting 5-benzo[]carbazoles exhibit good fluorescence properties, demonstrating the synthetic practicality of this method.

Embracing the Future of Health Care: Investigating Medical Students' Willingness to Become Online Doctors.

With the rapid advancement of technology, online health care services are becoming increasingly prominent. This study aims to investigate medical students' perceptions, attitudes, and readiness to adopt online health care services. Based on a literature review, this study constructed a conceptual model describing the relationships among medical students' perception, personality traits, and usage intention, grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model and Technology Readiness Index (TRI).

Source-specific probabilistic health risk assessment of heavy metals in surface water of the Yangtze River Basin.

The detrimental effects of heavy metal accumulation on both ecosystems and public health have raised widespread concern. Source-specific risk assessment is crucial for developing effective strategies to prevent and control heavy metal contamination in surface water. This study aims to investigate the contamination characteristics of heavy metals in the Yangtze River Basin, identifying the pollution sources, assessing the risk levels, and further evaluating the health risks to humans.

Characterization of summertime single aerosol particles in Chengdu (China): Interannual evolution and impact of COVID-19 lockdown.

To investigate the interannual evolution of air pollution in summer and the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on local pollution in Chengdu, China, single aerosol particles were continuously measured in three summer periods: the regular period in 2020 (RP2020); the regular period in 2022 (RP2022); and the lockdown period in 2022 (LP2022). It was found that, from RP2020 to RP2022, the mass concentrations of PM, PM, SO and NO decreased by 25.6 %, 24.

The impacts of ship emissions on ozone in eastern China.

Tropospheric ozone (O), which is one of the main pollutants impeding air quality compliance, has received considerable attention in China. As maritime transportation continues to expand, the effect of ship emissions on air quality is becoming increasingly important. In this study, the Weather Research and Forecast model (WRF), the Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ), and the integrated process rate (IPR) module provided in the CMAQ are applied to evaluate the impacts of ship emissions on O concentration at a national scale in China, including the spatiotemporal characteristics and influencing pathways.

Database of human well-being and eco-sustainability under planetary pressures of the Belt and Road 1990-2018.

The Belt and Road (B&R) Initiative is considered as closely aligned with the UN's Sustainable Development Goals by 2030 and could have a huge global impact. Its sustainable development issues have attracted worldwide attention. However, both the existing research and data accumulation on this aspect are seriously insufficient.

Anti-Na/K-ATPase DR antibody attenuates UUO-induced renal fibrosis through inhibition of Na/K-ATPase α1-dependent HMGB1 release.

Reduced Na/K-ATPase (NKA) activity and NKAα1 expression are engaged in the pathologies of renal diseases. NKA-mediated Src activation is not the only reason for NKA-related renal fibrosis. In this study, we found that genetic reduction of NKAα1 exhibited exacerbated tubulointerstitial lesions and fibrosis in the UUO mice model.

Identification of nitrogen pollution sources and transport transformation processes in groundwater of different landforms using C, H, N, and O isotope techniques: an example from the lower Weihe River.

Nitrogen pollution in groundwater is an environmental issue of global concern. Identifying nitrogen pollution sources and determining migration and transformation processes are the major ways to prevent and control nitrogen pollution in the groundwater on a regional scale. In this study, groundwater in the lower Wei River was investigated by combining multi-isotope tracing techniques with the SIAR hybrid model (source resolution) to trace the nitrate sources and their contribution rate to nitrogen pollution in groundwater of different geomorphological units, considering types of geomorphology as the units.

Integration of Bulk RNA Sequencing and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing to Reveal Uveal Melanoma Tumor Heterogeneity and Cells Related to Survival.

Molecular classification based on transcriptional characteristics is often used to study tumor heterogeneity. Human cancer has different cell populations with distinct transcription in tumors, and their heterogeneity is the focus of tumor therapy. Our purpose was to explore the tumor heterogeneity of uveal melanoma (UM) through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq).

Immune classification and identification of prognostic genes for uveal melanoma based on six immune cell signatures.

Cutaneous melanoma could be treated by immunotherapy, which only has limited efficacy on uveal melanoma (UM). UM immunotyping for predicting immunotherapeutic responses and guiding immunotherapy should be better understood. This study identified molecular subtypes and key genetic markers associated with immunotherapy through immunosignature analysis.

Composition and bioactivity of calcium phosphate coatings on anodic oxide nanotubes formed on pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy substrates.

Electronic structure and bioactivity of calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings on Ti-based anodic nanotubes are investigated. Nanotubes on pure Ti and Ti-6Al-4V alloy, respectively, are used as substrates for CaP deposition. The CaP coatings are formed by first growing a seeding CaP layer using alternative immersion (AIM) treatment followed by crystallization in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS).

The impact of ship emissions on nitrogen and sulfur deposition in China.

A large amount of NO and SO emitted from ships may elevate atmospheric N and S and eventually aggravate the deposition of N and S. The understanding of N and S deposition due to ship emissions is still limited, especially for China because it has a long coastline, busy shipping routes, and several large ports. To fill this gap, a comprehensive air quality model was employed in this study to quantify the contributions of ship emissions to N and S deposition on a national scale in China.

Two alternative mechanisms regulate the onset of chaperone-mediated assembly of the proteasomal ATPases.

The proteasome holoenzyme is a molecular machine that degrades most proteins in eukaryotes. In the holoenzyme, its heterohexameric ATPase injects protein substrates into the proteolytic core particle, where degradation occurs. The heterohexameric ATPase, referred to as 'Rpt ring', assembles through six ATPase subunits (Rpt1-Rpt6) individually binding to specific chaperones (Rpn14, Nas6, Nas2, and Hsm3).

Ubiquitin-dependent switch during assembly of the proteasomal ATPases mediated by Not4 ubiquitin ligase.

In the proteasome holoenzyme, the hexameric ATPases (Rpt1-Rpt6) enable degradation of ubiquitinated proteins by unfolding and translocating them into the proteolytic core particle. During early-stage proteasome assembly, individual Rpt proteins assemble into the hexameric "Rpt ring" through binding to their cognate chaperones: Nas2, Hsm3, Nas6, and Rpn14. Here, we show that Rpt ring assembly employs a specific ubiquitination-mediated control.