The Photothermal Synergistic Mechanism of Rock Varnish Photoconductance Under Laser Irradiation.

Rock varnishes, complex structures formed by long-term deposition on rocks, exhibit unique light absorption characteristics and are widely distributed across arid environments on Earth's surface. The varnishes possess the ability to absorb and convert photons from solar radiation into electrons, which represents a newly discovered fundamental energy form in nature, with further elucidation required regarding the underlying mechanism of how semiconductor minerals respond to light radiation. The regulations governing the photoconductive responses of samples from the Alashan region in Gobi, China, and the mechanisms exhibited by rock rock varnishes under various bias voltages and irradiation wavelengths (532 nm, 808 nm, and 1064 nm) were studied.

Laser-induced voltage of table salt for deep ultraviolet pulsed laser detection.

To meet the requirements of fast response and simple process of deep ultraviolet (UV) pulsed laser detector, table salt (TS) was used as laser detection material in combination with a variable resistor to achieve single-pulse laser detection. Under the irradiation of a KrF excimer laser, the laser-induced voltage (LIV) of TS was influenced by the dynamic process of laser-induced plasma, and the whole process was well fitted with the sum of the three exponential functions. As the applied bias voltage (V) and incident laser energy (E) increased, the LIV amplitude (V) increased and the response time decreased.

Potential of ultraviolet laser pulse-induced current for characterizing the grain size of table sugar.

In this work, we proposed a laser-induced current (LIC) method to investigate the grain-size dependence of the plasma of table sugar induced by a nanosecond (ns) pulsed ultraviolet laser in the size range of <180 μm->550 μm and achieve the lower power consumption in measurement. Under multiple laser irradiations and an external electric field (V) of 200 V, the LIC variation's (ΔI) standard deviation and variance were 0.53 nA and 0.

Examining the Differential Role of General and Specific Processing Speed in Predicting Mathematical Achievement in Junior High School.

Processing speed is divided into general (including perceptual speed and decision speed) and specific processing speed (including reading fluency and arithmetic fluency). Despite several study findings reporting the association between processing speed and children's mathematical achievement, it is still unclear whether general or specific processing speed differentially predicts mathematical achievement. The current study aimed to examine the role of general and specific processing speed in predicting mathematical achievements of junior high school students.

Dyscalculia and dyslexia in Chinese children with idiopathic epilepsy: Different patterns of prevalence, comorbidity, and gender differences.

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the prevalence of dyscalculia, dyslexia, and their comorbidity rates in a large population-based sample of children with idiopathic epilepsy (N = 2282) and a comparison sample of typically developing schoolchildren (N = 2371).

Methods: Both groups of children were screened using an arithmetic fluency test for dyscalculia and a reading fluency test for dyslexia. Their comorbidity rates were assessed.

Ultrafast Deep-Ultraviolet Laser-Induced Voltage Response of Pyrite.

Ultrafast, high-sensitivity deep-ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors are crucial for practical applications, including optical communication, ozone layer monitoring, flame detection, etc. However, fast-response UV photodetectors based on traditional materials suffer from issues of expensive production processes. Here, we focused on pyrite with simultaneously cheap production processes and ultrafast response speed.

Tuning Irreversible Magnetoresistance in PrSrMnO Film via Octahedral Rotation.

The oxygen octahedral rotation around the out-of-plane axis is explored to study its effect on metastable status, magnetic cluster glass in manganite. The antiphase rotation around the out-of-plane axis (TiO ) of SrTiO enhances the Mn-O bond anisotropy along in-plane and out-of-plane directions and weakens the ferromagnetic interactions in a 12 nm PrSrMnO film on the (001) SrTiO substrate, which together promote the formation of magnetic cluster-glassiness and enlarges the irreversible magnetoresistance (MR) effect with enhanced relaxation time of charge carriers. The effect of TiO in the SrTiO substrate on material properties is obvious with a large irreversible MR effect for thin films, which fades away with the increase in film thickness.

Determining the Humidity-Dependent Ortho-to- Para Ratio of Water Vapor at Room Temperature Using Terahertz Spectroscopy.

The origin of the water spin isomers observed under various physico-chemical conditions is of great interest, including that of HO molecules in the gas phase. Here, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) was used to study the humidity-dependent ortho-to- para (O/P) ratio of water vapor at room temperature. The relative contents of para and ortho molecules were obtained by fitting the absorption lines of water vapor showing the relationship between the spin isomer contents and humidity.

Layer Caused an Anisotropic Terahertz Response of a 3D-printed Simulative Shale Core.

Energy demands have motivated the development of shale formations as significant unconventional reservoirs. The anisotropy of shales plays a significant role in both the mechanical behavior and engineering activities. Alternating layers presented in shales affect the propagation of waves, causing anisotropy at various frequencies.

The Detection of Water Flow in Rectangular Microchannels by Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy.

Flow characteristics of water were tested in a rectangular microchannel for Reynolds number () between 0 and 446 by terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Output THz peak trough intensities and the calculated absorbances of the flow were analyzed theoretically. The results show a rapid change for < 250 and a slow change as increases, which is caused by the early transition from laminar to transition flow beginning nearly at = 250.

Characterization of Inclusions in Evolution of Sodium Sulfate Using Terahertz Time-domain Spectroscopy.

The study of fluid inclusion is one of the important means to understanding the evolution of mineral crystals, and can therefore provide original information of mineral evolution. In the process of evolution, outside factors such as temperature and pressure, directly affect the number and size of inclusions, and thus are related to the properties of crystals. In this paper, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) was used to detect sodium sulfate crystals with different growth temperatures, and absorption coefficient spectra of the samples were obtained.

Application of Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy in Detecting Gaps with Different Widths.

The characterization of fractures is of vital importance for studies in many industries. In the present work, we used terahertz reflection measurements to identify simulated gaps of different widths that resemble fractures. The time interval between pulses (Δt) was proportional to the distance between the interfaces.

Discriminating the Mineralogical Composition in Drill Cuttings Based on Absorption Spectra in the Terahertz Range.

Understanding the geological units of a reservoir is essential to the development and management of the resource. In this paper, drill cuttings from several depths from an oilfield were studied using terahertz time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS). Cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) were employed to classify and analyze the cuttings.

Comparative mapping of Raphanus sativus genome using Brassica markers and quantitative trait loci analysis for the Fusarium wilt resistance trait.

Fusarium wilt (FW), caused by the soil-borne fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum is a serious disease in cruciferous plants, including the radish (Raphanus sativus). To identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) or gene(s) conferring resistance to FW, we constructed a genetic map of R. sativus using an F2 mapping population derived by crossing the inbred lines '835' (susceptible) and 'B2' (resistant).