Flood vulnerability assessment in the Ili River Basin based on the comprehensive symmetric Kullback-Leibler distance.

In vulnerability assessments, accurately determining the indicator weights is essential to ensure the results' precision and reliability. This paper proposes an optimized comprehensive symmetric Kullback-Leibler (K-L) distance weighting method, in which the comprehensive symmetric K-L distance for each indicator is calculated using a grid-based approach, and the normalized distance serves as the weight for each indicator. ArcGIS software was employed to assess the Ili River Basin flood vulnerability as a case study.

Light signal regulates endoreduplication and tomato fruit expansion through the SlPIF1a-SlTLFP8-SlCDKB2 module.

Light serves as an energy source for cell division and expansion during fruit development. Cell expansion significantly influences fruit size and is closely linked to endoreduplication, a unique cell cycle variation characterized by DNA replication without cytokinesis. Paradoxically, under conditions of ample photosynthates, light signaling suppresses cell expansion.

SlMYC2 promotes SlLBD40-mediated cell expansion in tomato fruit development.

As a plant-specific transcription factor, lateral organ boundaries domain (LBD) protein was reported to regulate plant growth and stress response, but the functional research of subfamily II genes is limited. SlMYC2, a master regulator of Jasmonic acid response, has been found to exhibit high expression levels in fruit and has been implicated in the regulation of fruit ripening and resistance to Botrytis. However, its role in fruit expansion remains unknown.

Genome-Wide Identification of Open Chromatin in Plants Using MH-Seq.

Functional cis-regulatory elements (CREs) act as precise transcriptional switches for fine-tuning gene transcription. Identification of CREs is critical for understanding regulatory mechanisms of gene expression associated with various biological processes in eukaryotes. It is well known that CREs reside in open chromatin that exhibits hypersensitivity to enzyme cleavage and physical shearing.

Dynamics analysis for flexion and extension of elbow joint motion based on musculoskeletal model of Anybody.

Purpose: Little is known about how biomechanics governs the biological nature for humeral motion dynamically. Elbow motion ought to be investigated based on a musculoskeletal model and evidence the physiologic principle of upper limbs.

Method: A humeral model was reconstructed by MIMICS after CT images input in *.

Interplay of DNA and RNA -methyladenine with R-loops in regulating gene transcription in .

Unlabelled: R-loops and covalent modifications of -methyladenine on DNA (D-6 mA) or RNA (R-mA) have been documented to function in various cellular processes in eukaryotes. However, the relationships between R-loops and both covalent modifications are still elusive in plants. Here, we integrated existing ssDRIP-seq with D-6 mA and R-mA data from .

Toward an understanding of the detection and function of R-loops in plants.

Although lagging behind studies in humans and other mammals, studies of R-loops in plants have recently entered an exciting stage in which the roles of R-loops in gene expression, genome stability, epigenomic signatures, and plant development and stress responses are being elucidated. Here, we review the strengths and weaknesses of existing methodologies, which were largely developed for R-loop studies in mammals, and then discuss the potential challenges of applying these methodologies to R-loop studies in plants. We then focus on recent advances in the functional characterization of R-loops in Arabidopsis thaliana and rice.

Intralesional curettage versus prosthetic replacement for bone tumors - a finite element analysis case of limb salvage simulation in biomechanics.

Background And Objectives: To compare mechanical properties of femoral tumor treatments so that better operative strategy for limb tumors surgery is optimized.

Methods: Fourteen femoral CT images were randomly selected to rebuild 3D models by MIMICS. They were then executed by reverse engineering softwares for simulative modes.

Analysis and predication of tuberculosis registration rates in Henan Province, China: an exponential smoothing model study.

Background: The World Health Organization End TB Strategy meant that compared with 2015 baseline, the reduction in pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) incidence should be 20 and 50% in 2020 and 2025, respectively. The case number of PTB in China accounted for 9% of the global total in 2018, which ranked the second high in the world. From 2007 to 2019, 854 672 active PTB cases were registered and treated in Henan Province, China.

Sex Differences in Presentation, Quality of Life, and Treatment in Chinese Atrial Fibrillation Patients: Insights from the China Atrial Fibrillation Registry Study.

BACKGROUND There is a growing recognition of sex-related disparities in atrial fibrillation (AF). However, limited data is available in Chinese AF patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS We compared symptoms, quality of life (QoL), and treatment of AF according to sex from the China AF Registry study.

Superplastic Deformation and Dynamic Recrystallization of a Novel Disc Superalloy GH4151.

The superplastic deformation of a hot-extruded GH4151 billet was investigated by means of tensile tests with the strain rates of 10 s, 5 × 10 s and 10 s and at temperatures at 1060 °C, 1080 °C and 1100 °C. The superplastic deformation of the GH4151 alloy was reported here for the first time. The results reveal that the uniform fine-grained GH4151 alloy exhibited an excellent superplasticity and high strain rate sensitivity (exceeded 0.

The Association Between the Use of Antiarrhythmic Drugs in Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation and Patient Prognosis Using Data from the China Atrial Fibrillation (China-AF) Registry.

BACKGROUND Results of the landmark Atrial Fibrillation Follow-Up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) trial comparing rhythm control and rate control strategies has led to dramatic changes in the pharmacological management of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients. We sought to investigate the effect of antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) on the clinical outcomes of NVAF patients using "real-world" data from China. MATERIAL AND METHODS We evaluated the association between AAD usage and clinical outcomes using clinical data of 8161 NVAF patients who were AAD-naive before enrollment in the China Atrial Fibrillation Registry, recruited between August 2011 and February 2017.

Space-time clustering and associated risk factors of pulmonary tuberculosis in southwest China.

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB,both smear positive and smear negative) is an airborne infectious disease of major public health concern in China and other parts of the world where PTB endemicity is reported. This study aims at identifying PTB spatio-temporal clusters and associated risk factors in Zhaotong prefecture-level city, located in southwest China, where the PTB notification rate was higher than the average rate in the entire country.

Methods: Space-time scan statistics were carried out using PTB registered data in the nationwide TB online registration system from 2011 to 2015, to identify spatial clusters.

Usability of a Medication Event Reminder Monitor System (MERM) by Providers and Patients to Improve Adherence in the Management of Tuberculosis.

Poor initiation and implementation and premature discontinuation of anti-tuberculous therapy, all forms of nonadherence, are major reasons for treatment failure, the development of drug-resistant tuberculosis, and transmission to other non-infected individuals. Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) has been the worldwide standard, but implementation of DOT is burdensome for providers and patients, especially in resource-limited settings, where most of the burden of active TB is located. Among the alternatives to DOT is electronic monitoring (EM) of drug dosing histories.

Spatial-temporal analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis in the northeast of the Yunnan province, People's Republic of China.

Background: The number of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases in China ranks third in the world. A continuous increase in cases has recently been recorded in Zhaotong prefecture-level city, which is located in the northeastern part of Yunnan province. This study explored the space-time dynamics of PTB cases in Zhaotong to provide useful information that will help guide policymakers to formulate effective regional prevention and control strategies.

A practical community-based response strategy to interrupt Ebola transmission in sierra Leone, 2014-2015.

Background: The Ebola virus disease spread rapidly in West Africa in 2014, leading to the loss of thousands of lives. Community engagement was one of the key strategies to interrupt Ebola transmission, and practical community level measures needed to be explored in the field and tailored to the specific context of communities.

Methods: First, community-level education on Ebola virus disease (EVD) prevention was launched for the community's social mobilizers in six districts in Sierra Leone beginning in November 2014.

Rapid assessment of knowledge, attitudes, practices, and risk perception related to the prevention and control of Ebola virus disease in three communities of Sierra Leone.

Background: The recent outbreak of the Ebola virus disease (EVD) in Sierra Leone has been characterized by the World Health Organization as one of the most challenging EVD outbreaks to date. The first confirmed case in Sierra Leone was a young woman who was admitted to a government hospital in Kenema following a miscarriage on 24 May 2014. On 5 January 2015, intensified training for an EVD response project was initiated at the medical university of Sierra Leone in Jui.

Co-endemicity of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Intestinal Helminth Infection in the People's Republic of China.

Both pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and intestinal helminth infection (IHI) affect millions of individuals every year in China. However, the national-scale estimation of prevalence predictors and prevalence maps for these diseases, as well as co-endemic relative risk (RR) maps of both diseases' prevalence are not well developed. There are co-endemic, high prevalence areas of both diseases, whose delimitation is essential for devising effective control strategies.

Knowledge and attitudes about Ebola vaccine among the general population in Sierra Leone.

Background: Clinical trials of Ebola vaccine are ongoing. Before it becomes commercially available, understanding the Ebola vaccine-related knowledge and attitude of the general population is imperative to developing an effective vaccine coverage strategy.

Methods: We conducted a survey including 400 participants from general communities of the West Area Rural District, Sierra Leone.

Association between Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis and Risk Factors in China: Applying Partial Least Squares Path Modeling.

Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) resulting from various factors has raised serious public health concerns worldwide. Identifying the ecological risk factors associated with MDR-TB is critical to its prevention and control. This study aimed to explore the association between the development of MDR-TB and the risk factors at the group-level (ecological risk factors) in China.

Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal protozoan and helminth infections among pulmonary tuberculosis patients without HIV infection in a rural county in P. R. China.

Although co-infection of tuberculosis (TB) and intestinal parasites, including protozoa and helminths, in humans has been widely studied globally, very little of this phenomenon is known in China. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural county of China to investigate such co-infections. Patients with pulmonary TB (PTB) undergoing anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (anti-MTB) treatment were surveyed by questionnaires, and their feces and blood specimens were collected for detection of intestinal protozoa and helminths, routine blood examination and HIV detection.

Profiling B and T cell immune responses to co-infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and hookworm in humans.

Background: Humoral and cellular immune responses play protective roles against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. However, hookworm infection decreases the immune response to hookworm and bystander antigens. Currently, immune responses to co-infection of MTB and hookworm are still unknown, although co-infection has been one of the public health problems in co-endemic areas of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and hookworm disease.

Factors associated with primary transmission of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis compared with healthy controls in Henan Province, China.

Background: It is estimated that there are about 74,000 primary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) patients per year according to the prevalence of MDR-TB of 5.7% among new TB patients in China. Thus, the risks of primary transmission of MDR-TB require further attention.