miR-328-5p functions as a critical negative regulator in early endothelial inflammation and advanced atherosclerosis.

Early proatherogenic inflammation constitutes a significant risk factor for atherogenesis development. Despite this, the precise molecular mechanisms driving this pathological progression largely remain elusive. Our study unveils a pivotal role for the microRNA miR-328-5p in dampening endothelial inflammation by modulating the stability of JUNB (JunB proto-oncogene).

Enhanced therapeutic potential of Flotillins-modified MenSCs by improve the survival, proliferation and migration.

Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) have attracted increasing interest due to their excellent safety, and lack of ethical dilemma as well as their ability to be periodically obtained in a noninvasive manner. However, although preclinical research as shown the therapeutic potential of MenSCs in several diseases, their poor cell survival and low engraftment at disease sites reduce their clinical efficacy. Flotillins (including Flot1 and Flot2) are implicated in various cellular processes, such as vesicular trafficking, signal transduction, cell proliferation, migration and apoptosis.

Knockout of PERK protects rat Müller glial cells against OGD-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress-related apoptosis.

Background: The pathological basis for many retinal diseases, retinal ischemia is also one of the most common causes of visual impairment. Numerous ocular diseases have been linked to Endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress. However, there is still no clear understanding of the relationship between ER stress and Müller glial cells during retinal ischemia and hypoxia.

p38-mediated FOXN3 phosphorylation modulates lung inflammation and injury through the NF-κB signaling pathway.

NF-κB activates the primary inflammatory response pathway responsible for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced lung inflammation and injury. Here, we report that the Forkhead box transcription factor FOXN3 ameliorates MRSA-induced pulmonary inflammatory injury by inactivating NF-κB signaling. FOXN3 competes with IκBα for binding to heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein-U (hnRNPU), thereby blocking β-TrCP-mediated IκBα degradation and leading to NF-κB inactivation.

Extracellular vesicle-transmitted miR-671-5p alleviates lung inflammation and injury by regulating the AAK1/NF-κB axis.

Mesenchymal stem cells regulate remote intercellular signaling communication via their secreted extracellular vesicles. Here, we report that menstrual blood-derived stem cells alleviate acute lung inflammation and injury via their extracellular vesicle-transmitted miR-671-5p. Disruption of this abundantly expressed miR-671-5p dramatically reduced the ameliorative effect of extracellular vesicles released by menstrual blood-derived stem cells on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary inflammatory injury.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells: A promising therapeutic option for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers.

Chronic wounds fail to heal through the three normal stages of healing (inflammatory, proliferative, and remodelling), resulting in a chronic tissue injury that is not repaired within the average time limit. Patients suffering from type 1 and type 2 diabetes are prone to develop diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), which commonly develop into chronic wounds that are non treatable with conventional therapies. DFU develops due to various risk factors, such as peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, arterial insufficiency, foot deformities, trauma and impaired resistance to infection.

Selaginellin B induces apoptosis and autophagy in pancreatic cancer cells via the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Selaginella tamariscina (ST), a well-known traditional medicinal plant, has been used to treat various cancers, including pancreatic cancer. However, the underlying mechanism by which Selaginellin B, a natural pigment isolated and purified from ST, protects against pancreatic cells has yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, the biological functions of Selaginellin B were investigated using apoptosis, migration and colony formation assays in ASPC-1 and PANC-1 cells.

A bispecific immunotoxin (IHPP) with a long half-life targeting HER2 and PDGFRβ exhibited improved efficacy against HER2-positive tumors in a mouse xenograft model.

Multiple signaling pathways are usually involved in the development of tumors. Compared with monospecific antibodies, bispecific antibodies can recognize two different antigens at the same time, so they are more suitable for treating tumor diseases with complex etiology. Immunotoxins have good antitumor activity, however, single targeting limits their effectiveness.

Novel Regulators of Sugar-Mediated Lateral Root Development in .

Lateral root development is a complex process regulated by numerous factors. An important role for sugar in lateral root development has been known for a while, but the underlying molecular basis still remains unclear. In this study, we first showed that WOX7, a sugar-inducible negative regulator of lateral root development, acts downstream of the glucose sensor HXK1.

Stem cell therapy: a potential approach for treatment of influenza virus and coronavirus-induced acute lung injury.

Acute lung injury (ALI), an increasingly devastating human disorder, is characterized by a multitude of lung changes arising from a wide variety of lung injuries. Viral infection is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in ALI and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. In particular, influenza virus, coronavirus, and other respiratory viruses circulate in nature in various animal species and can cause severe and rapidly spread human infections.

Correction to: AFF1 and AFF4 differentially regulate the osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/boneres.2017.

The m6A methyltransferase METTL3 cooperates with demethylase ALKBH5 to regulate osteogenic differentiation through NF-κB signaling.

As a m6A methylation modifier, METTL3 is functionally involved in various biological processes. Nevertheless, the role of METTL3 in osteogenesis is not determined up to date. In the current study, METTL3 is identified as a crucial regulator in the progression of osteogenic differentiation.

IMM-H007, a novel small molecule inhibitor for atherosclerosis, represses endothelium inflammation by regulating the activity of NF-κB and JNK/AP1 signaling.

Endothelium inflammation has become a major risk factor for pathological development of atherosclerosis. IMM-H007 (H007), a small molecule compound, is previously reported to reduce inflammatory atherosclerosis. However, the regulatory role of H007 in endothelium inflammation is still unclear.

Long Noncoding RNA HOXA-AS3 Integrates NF-κB Signaling To Regulate Endothelium Inflammation.

The long noncoding RNA HOXA-AS3 has recently been reported to act as a critical regulator in inflammation-linked lung adenocarcinoma. However, the roles of HOXA-AS3 in endothelium inflammation and related vascular disorders remain poorly defined. In the current study, we identified HOXA-AS3 to be a critical activator to promote NF-κB-mediated endothelium inflammation.

The T cell activating properties and antitumour activity of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin-like Q.

Staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs), as typical superantigens, exhibit promising antitumour activity in the clinic, but their unavoidable side effects related to fever and emesis seriously limit their application for the treatment of malignant tumours. Fortunately, the identification of Staphylococcal enterotoxin-like toxins (SEls), which possess amino acid sequences similar to those of classical SEs but exhibit no or low emetic activity, has provided a set of potential immunomodulatory candidates for cancer therapy. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of SElQ on lymphocyte activation and to further demonstrate its antitumour activity both in vitro and in vivo.

LncRNA HOXA-AS2 represses endothelium inflammation by regulating the activity of NF-κB signaling.

Background And Aims: Endothelium inflammation, which can lead to endothelial activation and dysfunction, is widely accepted as the major event in multiple vascular disorders. The lncRNA HOXA-AS2 was previously reported to be involved in multiple inflammation-linked cancers. However, the role of HOXA-AS2 in endothelium inflammation is poorly understood.

LncRNA HOXA-AS2 positively regulates osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells through inactivating NF-κB signalling.

As is previously reported, mesenchymal stem cells have potential ability to differentiate into osteocytes. However, the underlying mechanism during this biological process is poorly understood. In the present study, we identify a novel long non-coding RNA named HOXA-AS2 as a critical regulator during the formation of osteogenesis.

Autophagy induces G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis in menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells via GSK3-β/β-catenin pathway.

Background/aims: Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) emerge as an ideal source for cell-based treatment in regenerative medicine and immunotherapy. However, the major obstacle is the low survival rate in tissues and the limited expansion number. Autophagy is an intracellular metabolic self-degradative process which plays important roles in normal cellular division and survival, and the present study aimed to explore the related mechanisms between autophagy and survival of MenSCs in vitro and in vivo.

LncRNA NKILA regulates endothelium inflammation by controlling a NF-κB/KLF4 positive feedback loop.

Endothelium inflammation, a key event in vascular pathological process, can lead to endothelial activation and subsequent vascular disorders. Long non-coding RNA NKILA plays an important regulatory role in pro-inflammatory response. However, the underlying molecular basis by which NKILA regulates endothelial inflammation is poorly understood.

MicroRNA-744 promotes cell apoptosis via targeting B cell lymphoma-2 in gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901.

Gastric cancer (GC) affects the health of 1,000,000 people per year worldwide; however, the biological basis of GC remains largely unknown. The current study aimed to investigate the aberrant expression of miR-744 in GC for the effective treatment of patients with GC. Tumor and adjacent tissues were obtained from 30 patients who underwent tumor resection surgery at Dongying People's Hospital.

Trends in dacryocystitis in China: A STROBE-compliant article.

The aim of the study was to review the distribution, current trends, and microbiological characteristics of bacterial pathogens isolated from dacryocystitis patients in China during the last 15 years.This is a retrospective multiple-center noncomparative case series. The medical records of 15,452 consecutive patients from 7 cities diagnosed as having dacryocystitis between 2002 and 2016 were reviewed.

Correction to: CBFA2T2 is associated with a cancer stem cell state in renal cell carcinoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0473-z.].

Correction: Long non-coding RNA HoxA-AS3 interacts with EZH2 to regulate lineage commitment of mesenchymal stem cells.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11538.

Super enhancer inhibitors suppress MYC driven transcriptional amplification and tumor progression in osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary bone sarcoma that mostly occurs in young adults. The causes of osteosarcoma are heterogeneous and still not fully understood. Identification of novel, important oncogenic factors in osteosarcoma and development of better, effective therapeutic approaches are in urgent need for better treatment of osteosarcoma patients.

CBFA2T2 is associated with a cancer stem cell state in renal cell carcinoma.

Background: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common kidney cancer, accounting for approximately 80-90% of all primary kidney cancer. Treatment for patients with advanced RCC remains unsatisfactory. Rare cancer stem cells (CSCs) are proposed to be responsible for failure of current treatment.