Disorders of gut microbiota and fecal-serum metabolic patterns are associated with pulmonary tuberculosis and pulmonary tuberculosis comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Unlabelled: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are prevalent chronic diseases with substantial implications for human health. DM patients are more susceptible to PTB, which exacerbates diabetes-related complications. However, the complex molecular mechanisms underlying the enhanced susceptibility of DM patients to PTB infection remain poorly understood.

Association of environmental metallic and metalloid contaminants with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Aim: The aim was to examine the relationship between exposure to environmental metallic and metalloid pollutants and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality by integrating the information currently available from systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Method: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science for systematic reviews and meta-analyses were thoroughly searched up to October 9, 2024. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of various kinds that evaluated the relationship between exposure to ambient metallic and metalloid pollutants and CVD and all-cause mortality were included.

Microplastics enhance the denitrification of glycogen-accumulating organisms by regulating electronic transport in carbon-nitrogen coupling.

The increasing presence of microplastics (MPs) in wastewater treatment systems profoundly impacts microbial metabolism and process performance. However, the effects of MPs on the denitrification process of glycogen-accumulating organisms (GAOs) remain unclear. Herein, various types and concentrations of MPs were introduced into the activate sludge of GAOs to assess their impact on denitrification processes and to investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Assessment of six surrogate insulin resistance indexes for predicting hypertension risk in rural Chinese adults.

Insulin resistance (IR) is a complex abnormality and associated with hypertension. We aimed to assess the associations of six alternate IR measures and risk of hypertension, and to compare the predictive values for hypertension. We assessed 11,223 non-hypertensive Chinese adults enrolled in The Rural Chinese Cohort Study during 2007-2008.

Algal proteins and bioactive peptides: Sustainable nutrition for human health.

Animal proteins are the primary global protein source, but their production is environmentally challenging and has low conversion efficiency. This highlights the need to diversify dietary protein sources. Algal proteins provide a sustainable alternative, outperforming traditional plant and animal proteins in protein content, quality, and digestibility.

Immunomodulatory functions of algal bioactive compounds.

Algae, a crucial constituent of marine systems, serve an indispensable function as primary producers, supporting the marine food web, contributing to carbon sequestration, and providing habitats that sustain biodiversity. This review focuses on the bioactive constituents of algae, including polysaccharides, polyphenols, polypeptides, and terpenoid compounds, and discusses their potential applications in treating immune-related diseases, as well as the mechanisms through which they modulate immune responses. The bioactive substances derived from algae, including polyphenols, bioactive peptides, terpenes, polysaccharides and other compounds, may play a preventive role by modulating allergic responses and reducing the incidence of inflammation and cancer.

Integrative analysis of cuproptosis-related lncRNAs: Unveiling prognostic significance, immune microenvironment, and copper-induced mechanisms in prostate cancer.

Background: Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) regulate messenger RNA (mRNA) expression and influence cancer development and progression. Cuproptosis, a newly discovered form of cell death, plays an important role in cancer. Nonetheless, additional research investigating the association between cuproptosis-related lncRNAs and prostate cancer (PCa) prognosis is required.

The relationship between HYDIN and fallopian tubal cilia loss in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.

Introduction: Primary cilia play an important role in the development of cancer by regulating signaling pathways. Several studies have demonstrated that women with mutations have, on average, 50% fewer ciliated cells compared with general women. However, the role of tubal cilia loss in the development of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains unclear.

The association of telomere length and coronary heart disease: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

Aims: The association of telomere length (TL) and coronary heart disease (CHD) is still debated, and there is a lack of dose-response meta-analyses on this issue. The aim is therefore to integrate existing evidence on the association between TL and CHD risk and explore the dose-response relationship between them.

Data Synthesis: PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies up to September 2024.

Niche Partitioning and Intraspecific Variation of Thaumarchaeota in Deep Ocean Sediments.

Deep-sea sediments contain a large number of Thaumarchaeota that are phylogenetically distinct from their pelagic counterparts. However, their ecology and evolutionary adaptations are not well understood. Metagenomic analyses were conducted on samples from various depths of a 750-cm sediment core collected from the Mariana Trench Challenger Deep.

Notes on the genus (Lepidoptera, Zygaenidae) with description of a new species from China.

The genus Efetov & Tarmann, 1995 includes six species occurring in southwest China and Indian Sikkim. In the present paper, Li & He, , the seventh species of the genus encountered at the foot of Galongla Snow Mountain, southeast Xizang of China is described. Habitus of the adult and genitalia of the new species are illustrated, and a checklist and a key of all species are provided.

Altered intestinal microbiota and fecal metabolites in patients with latent and active pulmonary tuberculosis.

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is the main cause of infection-related mortality and the most common infectious disease that develops resistance to antibiotics. Gut microbiota and their associated metabolites are assumed to induce and influence the development of PTB. However, the alterations of gut microbiota and metabolites in TB patients is currently unclear.

The Effects of Two Kinds of Gargles on Oral Mucositis in Patients After Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effects of two kinds of gargles (Koushu & Koutai) on oral mucositis (OM) in patients with agranulocytosis.

Methods: One hundred eighty patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in the Peking University Institute of Hematology were enrolled from March 2018 to January 2019. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups by random number table.

Germacrone ameliorates acute lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion by regulating macrophage M1 polarization and mitochondrial defects.

Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury severely affects the lungs. Germacrone (Ger) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, it is unclear whether it protects the lungs from I/R injury.

A prediction model for the walking and balance milestone in Parkinson's disease.

Background: Walking and balance impairments, represented by freezing of gait and falls, are significant contributors to disability in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) patients. However, the composite measure of the Walking and Balance Milestone (WBMS) has not been thoroughly investigated.

Methods: This study included 606 early-stage PD patients from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database, with a disease duration of less than 2 years and no WBMS at baseline.

[Retracted] SRC‑like adaptor protein negatively regulates Wnt signaling in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.

Evaluation and mechanistic analysis of the effect of the addition of alkaline earth metal CaO on Cd solidification enhancement in lightweight aggregate preparation.

The volatilization of Cd during the preparation of lightweight aggregates (LWAs) can cause serious damage to the environment, so a method to harmlessly transform Cd during this process is required. In this regard, the alkaline earth metal CaO was added to Cd-containing aggregate raw materials for treatment, and the effect of CaO addition on the properties of LWAs in the presence of chlorine and sulfate was investigated. Kinetic models of the Cd volatilization were established by using the Arrhenius equation to predict the volatilization of Cd at different sintering stages.

Identification of key module and hub genes affecting broiler body weight through weighted gene co-expression network analysis.

Body weight (BW) is an important economic trait in chickens. The hypothalamus serves as a central regulator of appetite and energy balance, and extensive research has demonstrated its pivotal role in regulating BW. However, the molecular network of the hypothalamus regulating BW traits in chickens needs to be further illuminated.

Advancements in Non-Addictive Analgesic Diterpenoid Alkaloid Lappaconitine: A Review.

The perennial herb Nakai (Ranunculaceae) has been utilized as a traditional oriental medicine in China for numerous years. The principal pharmacological constituent of , lappaconitine (LA), exhibits analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-arrhythmic, and anti-epileptic activities. Due to its potent efficacy and non-addictive nature, LA is widely utilized in the management of cancer pain and postoperative analgesia.

The Association Between Telomere Length and Diabetes Mellitus: Accumulated Evidence From Observational Studies.

Objective: In order to assess the associations between telomere length (TL) and diabetes mellitus (DM), especially type 2 diabetes (T2DM), we performed this systematic review and meta-analysis.

Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were thoroughly searched up to July 11, 2023. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) and the 95% confidence interval (CI) were evaluated using the random-effects model.

Two new cases with the UBQLN2 gene mutation in Han Chinese.

Variations in the UBQLN2 gene are associated with a group of diseases with X-linked dominant inheritance and clinical phenotypes of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and/or frontal temporal lobe dementia (FTD). Cases with UBQLN2 variations have been rarely reported worldwide. The reported cases exhibit strong clinical heterogeneity.

Genome-wide association study reveals the candidate genes of humerus quality in laying duck.

Bone plays a crucial role in poultry's health and production. However, during the selection and cage farming, there has been a decline in bone quality. As the development of breeding theory, researchers find that it's possible to enhance bone quality through selective breeding.