Advanced Biomimetic Multispectral Curved Compound Eye Camera for Aerial Multispectral Imaging in a Large Field of View.

In this work, we demonstrated a new type of biomimetic multispectral curved compound eye camera (BM3C) inspired by insect compound eyes for aerial multispectral imaging in a large field of view. The proposed system exhibits a maximum field of view (FOV) of 120 degrees and seven-waveband multispectral images ranging from visible to near-infrared wavelengths. Pinhole imaging theory and the image registration method from feature detection are used to reconstruct the multispectral 3D data cube.

Efficient production of HPV16 E2 protein from HPV16 late mRNAs spliced from SD880 to SA2709.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) produce a large number of alternatively spliced mRNAs, including a number of differently spliced mRNAs with the potential to produce E2 protein. To identify the alternatively spliced HPV16 mRNA with the highest ability to produce E2 protein, we have generated E2 cDNA expression plasmids representing the most common, alternatively spliced E2 mRNAs, and assessed their translational potential. Our results revealed that an mRNA initiated at the HPV16 late promoter p670 and spliced from the HPV16 5'-splice site SD880 to the HPV16 3'-splice site SA2709, located immediately upstream of the E2 ATG, produced higher levels of E2 than any of the other alternatively spliced, E2-encoding mRNAs.

Application of Chemometric Algorithms in the High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography Fingerprint of Traditional Chinese Medicines.

The use of HPTLC fingerprinting for the analysis of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) usually involves several image-processing steps. However, these image-processing steps are time consuming. We describe a new approach that applies artificial neural networks (ANN) directly to raw high-performance thin-layer chromatography HPTLC images.

The DNA damage response activates HPV16 late gene expression at the level of RNA processing.

We show that the alkylating cancer drug melphalan activated the DNA damage response and induced human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) late gene expression in an ATM- and Chk1/2-dependent manner. Activation of HPV16 late gene expression included inhibition of the HPV16 early polyadenylation signal that resulted in read-through into the late region of HPV16. This was followed by activation of the exclusively late, HPV16 splice sites SD3632 and SA5639 and production of spliced late L1 mRNAs.

hnRNP G prevents inclusion on the HPV16 L1 mRNAs of the central exon between splice sites SA3358 and SD3632.

HPV16 late L1 mRNAs encode a short central exon that is located between HPV16 3'-splice site SA3358 and HPV16 5'-splice site SD3632. While SA3358 is used to produce both HPV16 early mRNAs encoding the E6 and E7 oncogenes, and late mRNAs encoding E4, L1 and L2, SD3632 is used exclusively to produce late L1 mRNA. We have previously identified an 8-nucleotide regulatory RNA element that is required for inclusion of the exon between SA3358 and SD3632 to produce L1 mRNAs at the expense of mRNAs polyadenylated at the HPV16 early polyadenylation signal pAE.

Numerical analysis of wide-field optical imaging with a sub-20 nm resolution based on a meta-sandwich structure.

Biological research requires wide-field optical imaging techniques with resolution down to the nanometer scale to study the biological process in a sub-cell or single molecular level. To meet this requirement, wide-field structured illumination method (WFSIM) has been extensively studied. The resolution of WFSIM is determined by the period of the optical interference pattern.

Super-Resolution Imaging at Mid-Infrared Waveband in Graphene-nanocavity formed on meta-surface.

Plasmonic structured illumination microscopy (PSIM) is one of the promising wide filed optical imaging methods, which takes advantage of the surface plasmons to break the optical diffraction limit and thus to achieve a super-resolution optical image. To further improve the imaging resolution of PSIM, we propose in this work a so called graphene nanocavity on meta-surface structure (GNMS) to excite graphene surface plasmons with a deep sub-wavelength at mid-infrared waveband. It is found that surface plasmonic interference pattern with a period of around 52 nm can be achieved in graphene nanocavity formed on structured meta-surface for a 7 μm wavelength incident light.

Gradient Permittivity Meta-Structure model for Wide-field Super-resolution imaging with a sub-45 nm resolution.

A gradient permittivity meta-structure (GPMS) model and its application in super-resolution imaging were proposed and discussed in this work. The proposed GPMS consists of alternate metallic and dielectric films with a gradient permittivity which can support surface plasmons (SPs) standing wave interference patterns with a super resolution. By employing the rigorous numerical FDTD simulation method, the GPMS was carefully simulated to find that the period of the SPs interference pattern is only 84 nm for a 532 nm incident light.

Biomimetic microchannels of planar reactors for optimized photocatalytic efficiency of water purification.

This paper reports a biomimetic design of microchannels in the planar reactors with the aim to optimize the photocatalytic efficiency of water purification. Inspired from biology, a bifurcated microchannel has been designed based on the Murray's law to connect to the reaction chamber for photocatalytic reaction. The microchannels are designed to have a constant depth of 50 μm but variable aspect ratios ranging from 0.