Fluid-structure interaction analysis of airflow, structural mechanics and aerosol dynamics in a four-generation acinar model.

Elucidating the aerosol dynamics in the pulmonary acinar region is imperative for both health risk assessment and inhalation therapy, especially nowadays with the occurrence of the global COVID-19 pandemic. During respiration, the chest's outward elastic recoil and the lungs' inward elastic recoil lead to a change of transmural pressure, which drives the lungs to expand and contract to inhale and expel airflow and aerosol. In contrast to research using predefined wall motion, we developed a four-generation acinar model and applied an oscillatory pressure on the model outface to generate structure deformation and airflow.

Experimental Investigation on the Low-Velocity Impact Response of Tandem Nomex Honeycomb Sandwich Panels.

Sandwich panels are often subjected to unpredictable impacts and crashes in applications. The core type and impactor shape affect their impact response. This paper investigates the responses of five tandem Nomex honeycomb sandwich panels with different core-types under low-velocity-impact conditions with flat and hemispherical impactors.

A self-contained and integrated microfluidic nano-detection system for the biosensing and analysis of molecular interactions.

Traditional detection methods have shortcomings such as time-consumption and requirement of large instruments, which cannot meet the demands for on-site detection or analysis. Silicon nanowire-field-effect transistor (SiNW-FET) biosensors have the advantages of high speed, high sensitivity, strong specificity, and ease of integration. However, SiNW-FET biosensors also have some demerits: they are too sensitive, environmental factors such as light, temperature, and pH easily cause interference, and their performance uniformity needs to be calibrated in advance.

Visualization of the infection risk assessment of SARS-CoV-2 through aerosol and surface transmission in a negative-pressure ward.

Since December 2019, coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a great challenge to the world's public health system. Nosocomial infections have occurred frequently in medical institutions worldwide during this pandemic. Thus, there is an urgent need to construct an effective surveillance and early warning system for pathogen exposure and infection to prevent nosocomial infections in negative-pressure wards.

[Numerical simulation on the deposition characteristics of inhaled particles in human pulmonary acinus region under the influence of multi-factors].

Research on the deposition of inhaled particles in human pulmonary acinus region is important to the pathogenesis investigation, prevention and treatment of lung diseases. Most of the current research focus on the final deposition fraction of inhaled particles in human acinar region, but little is involved in their dynamic deposition characteristics. In this paper, five multi-alveolar models, G3-G7, were built.

Particle Self-Aligning, Focusing, and Electric Impedance Microcytometer Device for Label-Free Single Cell Morphology Discrimination and Yeast Budding Analysis.

Microfluidic electric impedance flow cytometry (IFC) devices have been applied in single cell analysis, such as cell counting, volume discrimination, cell viability, etc. A cell's shape provides specific information about cellular physiological and pathological conditions, especially in microorganisms such as yeast. In this study, the particle orientation focusing was theoretically analyzed and realized by hydrodynamics.

[Progress on numerical simulation of the deposition of inhaled particles in human pulmonary acinus region].

The inhalation and deposition of particles in human pulmonary acinus region can cause lung diseases. Numerical simulation of the deposition of inhaled particles in the pulmonary acinus region has offered an effective gateway to the prevention and clinical treatment of these diseases. Based on some important affecting factors such as pulmonary acinar models, model motion, breathing patterns, particulate characteristics, lung diseases and ages, the present research results of numerical simulation in human pulmonary acinus region were summarized and analyzed, and the future development directions were put forward in this paper, providing new insights into the further research and application of the numerical simulation in the pulmonary acinus region.

[Experimental research on the effect of functional residual capacity on the deposition of inhalable particles in human alveoli region].

Research on the deposition of inhalable particles in the alveoli of the lungs is important to the causes, development for common respiratory diseases such as emphysema, and even the optimization of clinical treatment and prevention programs of them. In this paper, an experimental model was established to simulate the deposition of terminal bronchioles and pulmonary acinus particles. The deposition rate of inhalable particles with different particle sizes in the pulmonary acinus was studied under different functional residual capacity.

[Progress in numerical simulation and experimental study on inhalable particles deposition in human respiratory system].

Inhalable particles deposition in the human respiratory system is the main cause of many respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. It plays an important role in related disease prevention and treatment through establishing computer or external entity models to study rules of particle deposition. The paper summarized and analyzed the present research results of various inhalable particle deposition models of upper respiratory tract and pulmonary area, and expounded the application in the areas of disease inducement analysis, drug inhale treatment etc.

Dynamic sessile micro-droplet evaporation monitored by electric impedance sensing.

Studies of liquid evaporation on a solid surface are useful for wettability phenomena-related research, and can be applied in a series of scientific and industrial areas. However, traditional methods are not easy to be intergrated into small size to monitor evaporation process of a micro-droplet. In this paper, a micro-electrode array was used to measure the impedance of an electrolyte droplet, indicating the dynamic process of evaporation.

A method to differentiate between ventricular fibrillation and asystole during chest compressions using artifact-corrupted ECG alone.

In recent years, numerous adaptive filtering techniques have been developed to suppress the chest compression (CC) artifact for reliable analysis of the electrocardiogram (ECG) rhythm without CC interruption. Unfortunately, the result of rhythm diagnosis during CCs is still unsatisfactory in many studies. The misclassification between corrupted asystole (ASY) and corrupted ventricular fibrillation (VF) is generally regarded as one of the major reasons for the poor performance of reported methods.

[Numerical simulation on cycle change form of the pressure and wall shear in human upper respiratory tract].

The research on cycle change form of the pressure and the wall shear in human upper respiratory tract can strengthen understanding of the characteristics of the airflow in the place and provide us with a scientific basis for analyzing the diffusion, transition and deposition patterns of aerosol there. In our study, we used large eddy simulation to emulate the pressure and wall shear in human upper respiratory tract in conditions of the low intensive respiratory patterns, and discussed the distributing disciplinarian of the pressure and wall shear in mouth-throat model and trachea-triple bifurcation. The results showed that the pressure gradient variation in human upper respiratory tract was mainly fastened from root of epiglottis to trachea.