Ultrasound measurements and normal findings in the thyroid gland.

The present work describes the process of the sonographic examination, normal findings and measurements in the B-mode ultrasound evaluation. Reference is made to anatomical variants in shape, the pyramidal lobe, tubercle of Zuckerkandl, ectopic thyroid tissue, and their significance. Particular attention is paid to the reference values, the very miscellaneous reference values in different geographic regions of the world and influencing factors.

The value of thoracoscopic ultrasound for the localization of ground-glass opacities with incomplete lung collapse in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has been widely used for the resection of lung lesions. However, it is difficult to palpate or see small lesions, especially ground-glass opacities (GGOs) during VATS. Thoracoscopic ultrasound has definite value in locating pulmonary parenchymal nodules.

Automatic tumor segmentation and lymph node metastasis prediction in papillary thyroid carcinoma using ultrasound keyframes.

Background: Accurate preoperative prediction of cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients is essential for disease staging and individualized treatment planning, which can improve prognosis and facilitate better management.

Purpose: To establish a fully automated deep learning-enabled model (FADLM) for automated tumor segmentation and cervical LNM prediction in PTC using ultrasound (US) video keyframes.

Methods: The bicentral study retrospective enrolled 518 PTC patients, who were then randomly divided into the training (Hospital 1, n = 340), internal test (Hospital 1, n = 83), and external test cohorts (Hospital 2, n = 95).

Immunoglobin attenuates fulminant myocarditis by inhibiting overactivated innate immune response.

Background And Purpose: Fulminant myocarditis (FM) is a myocardial inflammatory disease that can result from either viral diseases or autoimmune diseases. In this study, we have determined the treatment effects of immunomodulatory drugs on FM.

Experimental Approach: FM was induced in A/JGpt mice by intraperitoneal administration of coxsackievirus B3, after which immunoglobins were administered daily by intraperitoneal injection.

Using the GoogLeNet deep-learning model to distinguish between benign and malignant breast masses based on conventional ultrasound: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women worldwide, and early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for improving treatment outcomes. Conventional ultrasound (CUS) is a widely used screening method for breast cancer; however, the subjective nature of interpreting the results can lead to diagnostic errors. The current study sought to estimate the effectiveness of using a GoogLeNet deep-learning convolutional neural network (CNN) model to identify benign and malignant breast masses based on CUS.

Ultrasound elastography: a brief clinical history of an evolving technique.

The history of the emerging elastographic technique is presented. Ultrasound imaging of elasticity and tissue strain has gained clinical acceptance as an established technique useful in routine daily clinical practice.

A model based on C-TIRADS combined with SWE for predicting Bethesda I thyroid nodules.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the performance of a model based on Chinese Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data Systems (C-TIRADS), clinical characteristics, and shear wave elastography (SWE) for the prediction of Bethesda I thyroid nodules before fine needle aspiration (FNA).

Materials And Methods: A total of 267 thyroid nodules from 267 patients were enrolled. Ultrasound and SWE were performed for all nodules before FNA.

The application of laparoscopic ultrasound-guided intervention in renal hybrid surgery: case report.

Background: Conventional vascular interventions and hybrid surgery relied on digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Previously our center explored hybrid partial nephrectomy with DSA guidance, which demonstrates the superiority of omitting the dissection of renal hilum. However, this approach is limited to scarce hybrid operating rooms, involves radiation exposure, and poses compatibility issues with robotic surgery platforms.

Ultrasound-based nomogram to predict the recurrence in papillary thyroid carcinoma using machine learning.

Background And Aims: The recurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is not unusual and associated with risk of death. This study is aimed to construct a nomogram that combines clinicopathological characteristics and ultrasound radiomics signatures to predict the recurrence in PTC.

Methods: A total of 554 patients with PTC who underwent ultrasound imaging before total thyroidectomy were included.

Comparing Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasound to contrast-enhanced CT and MRI for differentially diagnosing renal lesions: a prospective multicenter study.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced (CE) ultrasound using Sonazoid (SNZ-CEUS) by comparing with contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) for differentiating benign and malignant renal masses.

Materials And Methods: 306 consecutive patients (from 7 centers) with renal masses (40 benign tumors, 266 malignant tumors) diagnosed by both SNZ-CEUS, CE-CT or CE-MRI were enrolled between September 2020 and February 2021. The examinations were performed within 7 days, but the sequence was not fixed.

Recent advances of focused ultrasound induced blood-brain barrier opening for clinical applications of neurodegenerative diseases.

With the aging population on the rise, neurodegenerative disorders have taken center stage as a significant health concern. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays an important role to maintain the stability of central nervous system, yet it poses a formidable obstacle to delivering drugs for neurodegenerative disease therapy. Various methods have been devised to confront this challenge, each carrying its own set of limitations.

A narrative review on the application of artificial intelligence in renal ultrasound.

Kidney disease is a serious public health problem and various kidney diseases could progress to end-stage renal disease. The many complications of end-stage renal disease. have a significant impact on the physical and mental health of patients.

Predicting Ki-67 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma: nomogram based on clinical factors and contrast-enhanced ultrasound radiomics signatures.

Purpose: To develop a contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) clinic-radiomics nomogram for individualized assessment of Ki-67 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: A retrospective cohort comprising 310 HCC individuals who underwent preoperative CEUS (using SonoVue) at three different centers was partitioned into a training set, a validation set, and an external test set. Radiomics signatures indicating the phenotypes of the Ki-67 were extracted from multiphase CEUS images.

A Comparative Study of Two Radiomics-Based Blood Flow Modes with Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System in Predicting Malignancy of Thyroid Nodules and Reducing Unnecessary Fine-Needle Aspiration Rate.

Rationale And Objectives: We aimed to compare superb microvascular imaging (SMI)-based radiomics methods, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)-based radiomics methods to the American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) for classifying thyroid nodules (TNs) and reducing unnecessary fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) rate.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study enrolled a dataset of 472 pathologically confirmed TNs. Radiomics characteristics were extracted from B-mode ultrasound (BMUS), SMI, and CEUS images, respectively.

Predicting the malignancy of extremity soft-tissue tumors by an ultrasound-based radiomics signature.

Background: Accurate differentiation of extremity soft-tissue tumors (ESTTs) is important for treatment planning.

Purpose: To develop and validate an ultrasound (US) image-based radiomics signature to predict ESTTs malignancy.

Material And Methods: A dataset of US images from 108 ESTTs were retrospectively enrolled and divided into the training cohort (78 ESTTs) and validation cohort (30 ESTTs).

Dual-modal radiomics nomogram based on contrast-enhanced ultrasound to improve differential diagnostic accuracy and reduce unnecessary biopsy rate in ACR TI-RADS 4-5 thyroid nodules.

Background: American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS, TR) 4 and 5 thyroid nodules (TNs) demonstrate much more complicated and overlapping risk characteristics than TR1-3 and have a rather wide range of malignancy possibilities (> 5%), which may cause overdiagnosis or misdiagnosis. This study was designed to establish and validate a dual-modal ultrasound (US) radiomics nomogram integrating B-mode ultrasound (BMUS) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging to improve differential diagnostic accuracy and reduce unnecessary fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) rates in TR 4-5 TNs.

Methods: A retrospective dataset of 312 pathologically confirmed TR4-5 TNs from 269 patients was collected for our study.

The value of quantitative and a new qualitative color pattern shear wave elastography for the differentiation of ACR TI-RADS 4 or 5 category thyroid nodules measuring ≤10 mm.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of quantitative shear wave elastography (SWE) and a new qualitative color pattern SWE for the differentiation of benign and malignant American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging, Reporting, and Data System (ACR TI-RADS) 4 or 5 category thyroid nodules measuring ≤10 mm.

Materials And Methods: From May 2020 to July 2022, a total of 237 patients with 270 thyroid nodules were enrolled, and conventional ultrasound and SWE examinations were performed for each patient. Each ACR TI-RADS 4 or 5 category thyroid nodule measuring ≤10 mm was evaluated by quantitative SWE and a new qualitative color pattern SWE.

The value of microvascular Doppler ultrasound technique, qualitative or quantitative shear-wave elastography of breast lesions for predicting axillary nodal burden in patients with breast cancer.

Background: The status of the axillary lymph node (ALN) in patients with breast cancer can critically inform clinical decision-making and prognosis. Preoperative evaluation of limited nodal burden (0-2 metastatic ALNs) and high nodal burden (≥3 metastatic ALNs) is vital for individual treatment in patients with breast cancer. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the value of Angio-PLUS (AP; Aixplorer, SuperSonic Imagine) and the qualitative and quantitative shear-wave elastography (SWE) of breast lesions to predict limited or high axillary nodal burden and to develop a model for predicting limited or high axillary nodal burden.

A radiomics and genomics-derived model for predicting metastasis and prognosis in colorectal cancer.

Approximately 50% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients would develop metastasis with poor prognosis, therefore, it is necessary to effectively predict metastasis in clinical treatment. In this study, we aimed to establish a machine-learning model for predicting metastasis in CRC patients by considering radiomics and transcriptomics simultaneously. Here, 1023 patients with CRC from three centers were collected and divided into five queues (Dazhou Central Hospital n = 517, Nanchong Central Hospital n = 120 and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) n = 386).

Deep learning predicts cervical lymph node metastasis in clinically node-negative papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objectives: Precise determination of cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) involvement in patients with early-stage thyroid cancer is fairly significant for identifying appropriate cervical treatment options. However, it is almost impossible to directly judge lymph node metastasis based on the imaging information of early-stage thyroid cancer patients with clinically negative lymph nodes.

Methods: Preoperative US images (BMUS and CDFI) of 1031 clinically node negative PTC patients definitively diagnosed on pathology from two independent hospitals were divided into training set, validation set, internal test set, and external test set.

Nomogram for predicting lymph node metastasis in patients with ovarian cancer using ultrasonography: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: Ovarian cancer is a common cancer among women globally, and the assessment of lymph node metastasis plays a crucial role in the treatment of this malignancy. The primary objective of our study was to identify the risk factors associated with lymph node metastasis in patients with ovarian cancer and develop a predictive model to aid in the selection of the appropriate surgical procedure and treatment strategy.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from patients with ovarian cancer across three different medical centers between April 2014 and August 2022.