No thick carbon dioxide atmosphere on the rocky exoplanet TRAPPIST-1 c.

Seven rocky planets orbit the nearby dwarf star TRAPPIST-1, providing a unique opportunity to search for atmospheres on small planets outside the Solar System. Thanks to the recent launch of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), possible atmospheric constituents such as carbon dioxide (CO) are now detectable. Recent JWST observations of the innermost planet TRAPPIST-1 b showed that it is most probably a bare rock without any CO in its atmosphere.

Genomic stratification based on microenvironment immune types and PD-L1 for tailoring therapeutic strategies in bladder cancer.

Background: The tumour microenvironment (TME) not only plays a role during tumour progression and metastasis but also profoundly influences treatment efficacy. Environment-mediated drug resistance is a result of crosstalk between tumour cells and stroma. The presence of a "stromal exhaustion" response is suggested by the T cell exhaustion signature and PD-L1 expression.

Identification of an immune classification for cervical cancer and integrative analysis of multiomics data.

Background: To understand the molecular mechanisms of the antitumour response, we analysed the immune landscape of cervical cancer to identify novel immune molecular classes.

Methods: We established a stable immune molecular classification using a nonnegative matrix factorization algorithm and validated the correlation in two validation sets of 249 samples.

Results: Approximately 78% of cervical cancers (CCs) (228/293) were identified to show significant enrichment in immune cells (e.

Circadian clock disruption attenuated growth hormone(GH)-mediated signalling.

The circadian molecular clock is an internal time-keeping system, which regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24-hour circadian rhythms. BMAL1 (brain and muscle arnt-like 1) is a core component of the circadian clock. Previous studies have shown that the circadian clock correlates with rhythmic secretion of endocrine hormone (such as growth hormone, GH).

Acute sleep deprivation leads to growth hormone (GH) resistance in rats.

Sleep is an essential physiological process that is required by all higher animals. Sleep has many important physiological functions. Previous studies have focused on the relationship between sleep and growth hormone secretion patterns.

Gene signatures based on therapy responsiveness provide guidance for combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy for lower grade glioma.

For a long time, the guidance for adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for lower grade glioma (LGG) lacks instructions on the application timing and order of radiotherapy (RT) and chemotherapy. We, therefore, aimed to develop indicators to distinguish between the different beneficiaries of RT and chemotherapy, which would provide more accurate guidance for combined chemoradiotherapy. By analysing 942 primary LGG samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) databases, we trained and validated two gene signatures (Rscore and Cscore) that independently predicted the responsiveness to RT and chemotherapy (Rscore AUC = 0.

Impact of adaptive intensity-modulated radiotherapy on the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Purpose: Nutritional status and haematological parameters are related to the prognosis of patients treated with radiotherapy, but the correlation between adaptive radiotherapy (ART) and haematological indicators has never been reported. This study explores the influence of ART on the change in haematological indicators and provides a theoretical basis for the use of ART in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analysed 122 patients with NPC from January 2014 to December 2015.

Deconvolution and network analysis of IDH-mutant lower grade glioma predict recurrence and indicate therapeutic targets.

IDH-mutant lower grade glioma (LGG) has been proven to have a good prognosis. However, its high recurrence rate has become a major therapeutic difficulty. We combined epigenomic deconvolution and a network analysis on The Cancer Genome Atlas IDH-mutant LGG data.

Interleukin-6 production mediated by the IRE1-XBP1 pathway confers radioresistance in human papillomavirus-negative oropharyngeal carcinoma.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) plays a key role in the pathogenesis and development of tumors and protects tumor cells from radiation damage and drug-induced stress. We previously demonstrated that EGFR confers radioresistance in human papillomavirus (HPV)-negative human oropharyngeal carcinoma by activating ERS signaling through PERK and IRE1α. In addition, PERK confers radioresistance by activating the inflammatory cytokine NF-κB.

Genomic stratification based on radiosensitivity and PD-L1 for tailoring therapeutic strategies in cervical cancer.

We performed an immunogenomic analysis to help identify a model for the cervical cancer therapeutic module. Patients were divided into groups according to radiosensitivity and PD-L1 expression status. The PD-L1-low-radioresistant (RR) group indicated worse overall survival under radiotherapy.

Successful removal of multiple magnetic foreign bodies in the digestive tract of children by gastroscopy: Two case reports.

Rationale: Gastrointestinal foreign body (FB) is an emergency commonly encountered by the pediatric gastroenterology department. Management of their extraction requires knowledge and careful consideration of removal techniques.

Patient Concerns: Two little girls swallowed multiple magnets that stuck together for >3 days, which was an indication for surgery.

PD-1 and PD-L1 Expression Predicts Radiosensitivity and Clinical Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer and is Associated with HPV Infection.

: PD-1 and PD-L1 overexpression in malignant tumors in response to radiotherapy is correlated with a poor prognosis. Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection impacts intrinsic radiosensitivity of head and neck cancers (HNCs). Herein, this study aims to determine PD-1/PD-L1 expression differences in tumors with different HPV statuses and their prognostic value in patients with different radiosensitivity gene signatures to define the characteristics of patients who will benefit from radiotherapy combined with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy.