Lack of Association between Variants and Pigment Dispersion Syndrome/Pigmentary Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis.

The phenotypic similarities between exfoliation syndrome (XFS)/exfoliation glaucoma (XFG) and pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS)/pigmentary glaucoma (PG), particularly their association with material deposition in the eye's anterior segment, have prompted investigations into genetic commonalities. This study focuses on the gene, conducting a comprehensive meta-analysis of three candidate gene association studies. We analyzed three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of : rs1048661, rs3825942, and rs2165241.

Genetic Basis of Pigment Dispersion Syndrome and Pigmentary Glaucoma: An Update and Functional Insights.

Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS) and Pigmentary Glaucoma (PG) comprise a spectrum of ocular disorders characterized by iris pigment dispersion and trabecular meshwork changes, resulting in increased intraocular pressure and potential glaucomatous optic neuropathy. This review summarizes recent progress in PDS/PG genetics including rare pathogenic protein coding alterations () and susceptibility loci identified from genome-wide association studies ( and Areas for future research are also identified, especially the development of efficient model systems. While substantial strides have been made in understanding the genetics of PDS/PG, our review identifies key gaps and outlines the future directions necessary for further advancing this important field of ocular genetics.

Macrophage-based delivery of anti-fibrotic proteins alleviates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal interstitial lung disease characterized by chronic, progressive, and fibrotic lung injury. Although remarkable progress has been made toward understanding the pathogenesis of PF, finding more effective treatments for this fatal disease remains a challenge. In this study, we describe an innovative macrophage-based approach to deliver anti-fibrotic protein to the lung and inhibit PF in a mouse model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced lung injury.

Genome-Wide Associations and Confirmatory Meta-Analyses in Diabetic Retinopathy.

The present study aimed to summarize and validate the genomic association signals for diabetic retinopathy (DR), proliferative DR, and diabetic macular edema/diabetic maculopathy. A systematic search of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) catalog and PubMed/MELINE databases was conducted to curate a comprehensive list of significant GWAS discoveries. The top signals were then subjected to meta-analysis using established protocols.

Phenotypic and Genetic Links between Body Fat Measurements and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma.

The phenotypic and genetic links between body fat phenotypes and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) are unclear. We conducted a meta-analysis of relevant longitudinal epidemiological studies to evaluate the phenotypic link. To identify genetic links, we performed genetic correlation analysis and pleiotropy analysis of genome-wide association study summary statistics datasets of POAG, intraocular pressure (IOP), vertical cup-to-disc ratio, obesity, body mass index (BMI), and waist-to-hip ratio.

Evaluation of a cluster-randomized controlled trial: Communities for Healthy Living, family-centered obesity prevention program for Head Start parents and children.

Background: This study reports the outcomes of Communities for Healthy Living (CHL), a cluster randomized obesity prevention trial implemented in partnership with Head Start, a federally-funded preschool program for low-income families.

Methods: Using a stepped wedge design, Head Start programs (n = 16; Boston, MA, USA) were randomly assigned to one of three intervention start times. CHL involved a media campaign and enhanced nutrition support.

Associations of sleep-related behaviors and the sleep environment at infant age one month with sleep patterns in infants five months later.

Objective: To characterize family and environmental correlates of sleep patterns that may contribute to differences in infant sleep.

Methods: We studied 313 infants in the Rise & SHINE (Sleep Health in Infancy & Early Childhood study) cohort. Our main exposures were the parent-reported sleep environment, feeding method and sleep parenting strategies at infant age one month.

A case report of spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and the long-term management of the endocrine disorder.

Background: Spontaneous ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (sOHSS) is a rarely reported clinical symptom of uncertain origin with the incidence of 0.2-1.2%.

Rapid Assessment of Meat Freshness by the Differential Sensing of Organic Sulfides Emitted during Spoilage.

In this work, we report the fabrication of a two-member fluorescence sensor array that enables the assessment of three stages (fresh, slightly spoiled, and moderately or severely spoiled) of meat spoilage. The first member of the array, which has strong chalcogen bonding and sulfur-π interactions with organic sulfides, exhibits very high sensitivity, while the second member of the array, which has weak chalcogen bonding and sulfur-π interactions with organic sulfides, exhibits lower sensitivity. On the basis of the combined fluorescence responses of the two members, three stages of meat spoilage, including fresh, slightly spoiled, and moderately or severely spoiled, can be monitored.

Longitudinal association of actigraphy-assessed sleep with physical growth in the first 6 months of life.

Study Objectives: Suboptimal sleep is associated with obesity and its sequelae in children and adults. However, few studies have examined the association between sleep and physical growth in infants who experience rapid changes in sleep/wake patterns. We examined the longitudinal association of changes in objectively assessed sleep/wake patterns with changes in growth between ages 1 and 6 months.

Development of a Fluorophore with Enhanced Unorthodox Chalcogen Bonding for Highly Sensitive Detection of Trimethyl Arsine Vapor.

In this work, we report the design of novel fluorophores that bear three benzothiadiazole and benzoselenadiazole groups, respectively, for sensitive detection of trimethyl arsine vapor. In particular, the fluorophore with the benzoselenadiazole groups can form stronger chalcogen bonding with trimethyl arsine than the fluorophore with the benzothiadiazole groups, which in turn triggers much faster and more sensitive fluorescence responses. On the basis of this novel mechanism, fluorescence detection of trimethyl arsine vapor with rapid response (∼3 s), high sensitivity (the theoretical LOD is 0.

Changes in Fathers' Body Mass Index, Sleep, and Diet From Prebirth to 12 Months Postbirth: Exploring the Moderating Roles of Parenthood Experience and Coparenting Support.

Background: While research has examined prenatal to postnatal changes in women's weight, sleep, and diet, much less is known about these changes among fathers.

Purpose: This study aimed to (a) examine changes in fathers' body mass index (BMI), sleep, and diet from 1 month before birth to 5-6 months following birth, and from 5-6 months to 11-12 months following birth and (b) explore the moderating roles of parenthood experience and coparenting support.

Methods: 169 fathers (mean age 35.

Development and Validation of a Parental Health-Related Empowerment Scale with Low Income Parents.

Objectives: Consistent with empowerment theory, parental empowerment acts as a mechanism of change in family-based interventions to support child health. Yet, there are no comprehensive, validated measures of parental health-related empowerment to test this important perspective. Informed by empowerment theory and in the context of a community-based obesity intervention, we developed a self-report measure of parental health-related empowerment and tested its preliminary validity with low-income parents.

Associations between parent-reported and objectively measured sleep duration and timing in infants at age 6 months.

Study Objectives: To compare the estimates of sleep duration and timing from survey, diary, and actigraphy in infants at age 6 months, overall and by select demographics and other factors.

Methods: In total, 314 infants participating in the Rise & SHINE (Sleep Health in Infancy & Early Childhood study) cohort in Boston, MA, USA, wore an actigraph on their left ankle for 7 days. Parents concurrently completed a sleep diary and the expanded version of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire.

Emergence of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic differences in objectively measured sleep-wake patterns in early infancy: results of the Rise & SHINE study.

Study Objectives: To characterize objectively assessed sleep-wake patterns in infants at approximately 1 month and 6 months and examine the differences among infants with different racial/ethnic backgrounds and household socioeconomic status (SES).

Methods: Full-term healthy singletons wore an ankle-placed actigraph at approximately 1 month and 6 months and parents completed sleep diaries. Associations of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic indices with sleep outcomes were examined using multivariable analyses.

Communities for Healthy Living (CHL) A Community-based Intervention to Prevent Obesity in Low-Income Preschool Children: Process Evaluation Protocol.

Background: Process evaluation can illuminate barriers and facilitators to intervention implementation as well as the drivers of intervention outcomes. However, few obesity intervention studies have documented process evaluation methods and results. Community-based participatory research (CBPR) requires that process evaluation methods be developed to (a) prioritize community members' power to adapt the program to local needs over strict adherence to intervention protocols, (b) share process evaluation data with implementers to maximize benefit to participants, and (c) ensure partner organizations are not overburdened.

Adipose Tissue Mediates Associations of Birth Weight with Glucose Metabolism Disorders in Children.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the associations between low birth weight (LBW) versus high birth weight (HBW) and dysglycemia, including insulin resistance (IR) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in children, and aimed to explore the role of adipose tissue in these relationships.

Methods: A total of 2,935 subjects aged 6 to 18 years were recruited to examine the relationship between birth weight and IR (defined as homeostasis model assessment of IR > 2.3) and IFG.

Associations of breast milk adiponectin, leptin, insulin and ghrelin with maternal characteristics and early infant growth: a longitudinal study.

Breast milk (BM) hormones have been hypothesised as a nutritional link between maternal and infant metabolic health. This study aimed to evaluate hormone concentrations in BM of women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and the relationship between maternal factors, BM hormones and infant growth. We studied ninety-six nulliparous women with (n 48) and without GDM and their exclusively breastfed term singletons.

Early Serum Gut Hormone Concentrations Associated With Time to Full Enteral Feedings in Preterm Infants.

Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to evaluate early postnatal serum gut hormone concentrations in preterm infants as predictors of time to full enteral feedings. The secondary objective was to identify infant characteristics and nutritional factors that modulate serum gut hormone concentrations and time to full enteral feedings.

Methods: Sixty-four preterm infants less than 30 weeks of gestation were included in this retrospective cohort study.

Parental behaviors and sleep/wake patterns of infants and toddlers in Hong Kong, China.

Background: To describe the sleep patterns of children below 36 months in Hong Kong, and evaluate the associations between parental behaviors and childhood sleep/wake patterns.

Methods: Parents of 1049 infants and toddlers completed an internet-based expanded version of the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire.

Results: Total sleep duration (P<0.

[Assay of adiponectin, leptin, true insulin and ghrelin levels in preterm human milk, and its relationship with infants growth].

Objective: To understand adiponectin, leptin, insulin and ghrelin levels in preterm colostrum and mature milk and their influence on the growth and development of the premature infant.

Method: The study subjects were divided into two groups: preterm group and control group. Specimens of colostrum and mature milk on 42nd day after delivery were collected, the general situation of maternal and infants growth parameters at birth and at postnatal 42 days were recorded.

A double-blind randomised controlled trial of fish oil-based versus soy-based lipid preparations in the treatment of infants with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis.

Background: Infants receiving prolonged parenteral nutrition (PN) are at risk of PN-associated cholestasis (PNAC). This can progress to hepatic failure and death if PN cannot be discontinued. Fish oil-based parenteral lipid preparation (FOLP) has been shown to be beneficial in case studies.

Assessment of registration quality of trials sponsored by China.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of the registration information for trials sponsored by China registered in the WHO primary registries or other registries that meet the requirements of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE).

Methods: We assessed the registration information for trials registered in the 9 WHO primary registries and one other registry that met the requirements of ICJME as of 15 October 2008. We analyzed the trial registration data set in each registry and assessed the registration quality against the WHO Trial Registration Data Set (TRDS).