Integration of machine learning and meta-analysis reveals the behaviors and mechanisms of antibiotic adsorption on microplastics.

Microplastics (MPs) can adsorb antibiotics (ATs) to cause combined pollution in the environment. Research on this topic has been limited to specific types of MPs and ATs, resulting in inconsistent findings, particularly for the influencing factors and adsorption mechanisms. Therefore, this study combined meta-analysis and machine learning to analyze a dataset comprising 6805 records from 123 references.

The Impact of Emotion Network Density on Psychological Distress in Chinese Parents of Children with Autism: A Daily Diary Study.

Parents of children with autism often experience a wide range of emotions in their daily lives. However, previous research has primarily focused on average levels of emotional challenges, neglecting the significance of daily emotion dynamics that may underlie parental psychological functioning. This study adopted a dynamic network approach to examine the strength of temporal connections within and between various emotions-referred to as emotion network density-and further explore its impacts on parental psychological distress.

Terahertz quasi-optics imaging systems with easy zoom based on beam-shaping devices and a freeform lens.

Terahertz (THz) waves show outstanding application value in the nondestructive detection of hidden targets that are impenetrable to visible light. However, the uncertain location of hidden targets puts a higher demand on the zoom function of the THz quasi-optical systems, especially when the object is immovable. This paper proposes a continuous zoom system working in the THz band consisting of a negative axicon disk, a segmented axicon, and a freeform lens.

Research trends on cancer neuroscience: a bibliometric and visualized analysis.

Background: Recently, cancer neuroscience has become the focus for scientists. Interactions between the nervous system and cancer (both systemic and local) can regulate tumorigenesis, progression, treatment resistance, compromise of anti-cancer immunity, and provocation of tumor-promoting inflammation. We assessed the related research on cancer neuroscience through bibliometric analysis and explored the research status and hotspots from 2020 to 2024.

Copper Quantum Dot/Polyacrylamide Composite Nanospheres: Spreading on Quartz Flake Surfaces and Displacing Crude Oil in Microchannel Chips.

Polyacrylamide, silica, and other nanoparticles have all been realized in the field of enhanced oil recovery. Researchers often explore the mechanisms of spreading behavior and simulated displacement to develop more efficient types of nanoparticles. In this study, copper quantum dots were introduced into a acrylamide copolymerization system to obtain composite nanospheres and its structure, topographic, and application performance were characterized.

Terahertz 3-D fast line-scanning imaging using 3-D printed devices.

This article presents a terahertz (THz) fast line-scanning imaging system with three-dimensional (3-D) focus-steering capability operating at 0.1 THz. The system comprises a 3-D printed rotating multi-prism plate and a dual-device structure consisting of a negative ridge pyramid and a column ridge pyramid.

Generation and characteristics of hollow structured optical fields based on multiple off-axis vortices.

In this paper, various hollow structured optical fields are generated by skillfully adjusting the number and positions of multiple off-axis vortices loaded in a Gaussian beam. The focal-field characteristics of the generated hollow structured optical fields after passing through an ordinary lens are studied based on the scalar diffraction theory. Firstly, a variety of hollow structured optical fields are theoretically simulated by adjusting the number and positions of multiple off-axis vortices loaded in the Gaussian beam.

Store-operated Ca entry-sensitive glycolysis regulates neutrophil adhesion and phagocytosis in dairy cows with subclinical hypocalcemia.

Hypocalcemia in dairy cows is associated with a decrease of neutrophil adhesion and phagocytosis, an effect driven partly by changes in the expression of store-operated Ca entry (SOCE)-related molecules. It is well established in nonruminants that neutrophils obtain the energy required for immune function through glycolysis. Whether glycolysis plays a role in the acquisition of energy by neutrophils during hypocalcemia in dairy cows is unknown.

Pd-catalysed cross-coupling of allenylic carbonates with -diborylalkanes: efficient synthesis of isoprenylboronates.

A simple and novel Pd-catalysed cross-coupling reaction of allenylic carbonates with different -diborylalkanes was developed. Under mild reaction conditions, synthetically useful and versatile isoprenylboronates could be obtained selectively in moderate to high yields. Furthermore, the utility of the novel isoprenylboronate is demonstrated through isoprenylboration and homologation.

Polarization reflection distribution characteristics of wakes on the sea surface.

Research on the polarization reflection distribution characteristics of wakes on the sea surface can provide a theoretical basis for ocean wake target detection and has important research value in the field of ship and underwater moving target monitoring. The Kelvin wake model and the Cox-Munk model are used to describe a wake on a rough sea surface. Considering the atmospheric Rayleigh scattering and the reflection characteristics of a rough sea surface, a visible spectrum band wake polarization characteristic model based on the Stokes vector and Mueller matrix is established to explore the polarization reflection distribution characteristics of wakes on the sea surface under skylight background at different wind speeds, wind directions, and sun angles.

Transcriptomics of circulating neutrophils in dairy cows with subclinical hypocalcemia.

Hypocalcemia is closely associated with inflammatory diseases in dairy cows. Recent research has underscored the key role of calcium in the adaptations of the innate immune system during this period. The main objective in the present study was to compare the transcriptome profiles and analyze differences in the expression of neutrophil (PMNL) immune function-related genes and calcium binding-related genes in hypocalcemic cows.

Copper-containing nanoparticles: Mechanism of antimicrobial effect and application in dentistry-a narrative review.

Copper has been used as an antimicrobial agent long time ago. Nowadays, copper-containing nanoparticles (NPs) with antimicrobial properties have been widely used in all aspects of our daily life. Copper-containing NPs may also be incorporated or coated on the surface of dental materials to inhibit oral pathogenic microorganisms.

Firm-level short selling and the local COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from China.

Short seller trading behavior attracts much attention, especially when negative shocks occur. Recent literature has focused on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented shock, but evidence on short sellers' reactions is quite scarce. This paper investigates how short sellers responded to the local COVID-19 pandemic in China.

[Effects of moso bamboo () expansion on soil microbial community in evergreen broad-leaved forest].

The special eco-physiological characteristics of moso bamboo () facilitate their fast invasion in nature ecosystems. The widespread expansion of moso bamboo causes degradation of adjacent forest ecosystem and change of landscape, as well as soil properties and microbial community composition. However, how moso bamboo expansion affects soil microbial composition is far from fully understood.

A digital intervention using virtual reality helmets to reduce dental anxiety of children under local anesthesia and primary teeth extraction: A randomized clinical trial.

Introduction: Behavior management of children during dental treatment is an important but challenging issue. As a new technique, VR has been applied in pediatric dental anxiety. But there is no final conclusion whether VR reduces children's dental anxiety.

Role of diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase (DGAT) isoforms in bovine hepatic fatty acid metabolism.

Fatty acid accumulation in hepatocytes induced by high concentrations of fatty acids due to lipolysis and the associated oxidative damage they cause occur most frequently after calving. Because of their role in esterification of fatty acids, diacylglycerol acyltransferase isoforms (DGAT1 and DGAT2) could play a role in the susceptibility of dairy cows to develop fatty liver. To gain mechanistic insights, we performed in vivo and in vitro analyses using liver biopsies or isolated primary hepatocytes.

Role of ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 (ORAI1) on neutrophil extracellular trap formation in dairy cows with subclinical hypocalcemia.

Hypocalcemia in dairy cows is associated with decreased neutrophil phagocytosis, adhesion capacity, migration, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production through alterations in ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 (ORAI1). Neutrophils can resist the invasion of pathogenic microorganisms by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NET). However, the mechanisms controlling NET formation during hypocalcemia are unknown.

Extreme Temperatures and Firm-Level Stock Returns.

By linking stock returns with weather conditions from 2007 to 2019 in China, we study how firm-level stock returns react to extreme temperatures. Based on a multivariate ordinary least squares regression model with fixed effects, empirical results show that firm-level stock returns decrease with exposure to extreme temperatures. We further explore the heterogeneity in the temperature-return relation to enrich our understanding of the economic mechanism behind it.

Lipid Accumulation and Injury in Primary Calf Hepatocytes Challenged With Different Long-Chain Fatty Acids.

Fatty liver disease is one of the most common disorders afflicting dairy cows during the postpartum period, and is associated with increased blood non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) uptake by the liver. Major long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) in NEFA are palmitic (PA), palmitoleic (POA), stearic (SA), oleic (OA), and linoleic (LA) acid. In order to investigate the characteristics of lipid accumulation and injury caused by these NEFA, primary calf hepatocytes were isolated and challenged for 12 h with 1.

Mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic reticulum stress in calf hepatocytes are associated with fatty acid-induced ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 signaling.

The store-operated Ca entry (SOCE) moiety ORAI calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 (ORAI1) located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) participates in key cellular functions such as protein folding, transport, and secretion, and lipid metabolism. We used an in vitro approach to test whether exogenous fatty acids alter ORAI1 signaling and to explore potential consequences on mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress. First, hepatocytes isolated from 4 healthy female calves (1 d old, 40-50 kg) were challenged with a 1.

[Research progress of correlation between periodontal pathogens and systemic diseases].

Periodontal pathogens are the main pathogenic factor of periodontitis. Periodontal pathogens have a large variety of virulence factors such as lipopolysaccharide, fimbriae and proteases, which enables the pathogens to infect periodontal tissues and stimulate the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, causing chronic systemic inflammation. Periodontal pathogens may invade multiple systems such as the circulatory system, immune system, respiratory system and digestive system to cause systematic diseases.

Analysis of subgingival microbiome of periodontal disease and rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese: A case-control study.

Objective: Periodontitis (PD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) share similar pathogenesis. Evidences indicated that oral bacteria play an important role in the etiology of both diseases. For example, connect the two diseases through immune responses.

Orai calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 (ORAI1) plays a role in endoplasmic reticulum stress in bovine mammary epithelial cells challenged with physiological levels of ketone bodies.

The Orai calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 (ORAI1) is a key component of the store-operated Ca entry mechanism regulating cellular Ca balance in nonruminants. Alterations in ORAI1 abundance have been associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and changes in lipid metabolism in hepatocytes, an important lipogenic organ in nonruminants. Objectives were to (1) determine abundance of ORAI1 and components of the ER stress response in mammary tissue of ketotic cows, and (2) the potential role of ORAI1 on mammary cell responses to high levels of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB).

Ascorbic acid stabilised copper nanoclusters as fluorescent sensors for detection of quercetin.

In this report, green-emitting fluorescence copper nanoclusters (Cu NCs) were synthesized using ascorbic acid as reducing agent and protecting agent. The ascorbic acid capped Cu NCs (AA-Cu NCs) were characterized using fluorescence spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The analysis data demonstrated that the AA-Cu NCs were highly dispersed with an average diameter of 2 nm.