Multiple low-dose radiation ameliorates type-2 diabetes mellitus via gut microbiota modulation to activate TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the fastest-growing metabolic disease in the world. The gut microbiota is linked to T2DM. Recent studies have showed that the metabolism of gut microbiota can trigger T2DM.

Low-dose radiation ameliorates PM2.5-induced lung injury through non-canonical TLR1/TLR2-like receptor pathways modulated by Akkermansia muciniphila.

Exposure of PM2.5 can cause different degrees of lung injury, which is referred with inflammatory response. Some evidences showed that low-dose radiation (LDR) induces hormesis in immune, however, it is unknown if LDR ameliorates the PM2.