Publications by authors named "Xinru Chen"

Obesity is a critical metabolic disorder in modern society, necessitating urgent research and intervention. Compared to mice, pigs are increasingly been recognized as valuable model organisms for such studied due to their closer genetic similarity to humans. The BAMBI gene plays a pivotal role in adipocyte differentiation and adipose tissue development, rendering it a potent target for exploring the mechanisms of obesity and related metabolic disorders.

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The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encoded tegument protein BSRF1 plays a significant role in the processes of viral maturation and release, however, it's not clear whether BSRF1 is involved in the modulation of host innate immunity. In this study, we demonstrated that BSRF1 can inhibit interferon β (IFN-β) production by downregulating nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity and subsequently reducing the yield of inflammatory cytokines, thereby facilitating viral replication. Dual luciferase reporter assays indicated that BSRF1 may inhibit NF-κB signaling at the level of IKK or between IKK and p65, while co-immunoprecipitation experiments revealed its association with multiple critical host adaptor proteins.

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Background: The study aimed to investigate whether the associations of accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) with incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) vary based on different levels of hand grip strength, identifying the modifying role of grip strength in these associations.

Methods: The study included 87 487 adults from the UK Biobank. PA and SB were quantified using accelerometers over 7-day period, while grip strength was assessed using a hand dynamometer.

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Introduction: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin malignancy, accounting for approximately 80% of all non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs). Ultraviolet (UV) exposure is a significant risk factor for BCC development, which typically occurs in sun-exposed areas. BCC arising in non-sun-exposed regions, such as the nipple-areola complex (NAC), is exceedingly rare, with fewer than 100 cases reported globally.

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In this work, a novel deep trench CSTBT (DT-CSTBT) features emitter trench and the P-layer is proposed and investigated by simulation. The self-biased pMOS, comprising an emitter trench, N-CS layer, P-layer, and P-well, demonstrates an excellent clamping effect potential. The proposed DT-CSTBT suppresses the saturation current and improves the heat dissipation, resulting in a 23.

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Background/objectives: We assessed the influence of local patients and clinical characteristics on the performance of commercial deep learning (DL) segmentation models for head-and-neck (HN), breast, and prostate cancers.

Methods: Clinical computed tomography (CT) scans and clinically approved contours of 210 patients (53 HN, 49 left breast, 55 right breast, and 53 prostate cancer) were used to train and validate segmentation models integrated within a vendor-supplied DL training toolkit and to assess the performance of both vendor-pretrained and custom-trained models. Four custom models (HN, left breast, right breast, and prostate) were trained and validated with 30 (training)/5 (validation) HN, 34/5 left breast, 39/5 right breast, and 30/5 prostate patients to auto-segment a total of 24 organs at risk (OARs).

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Phages, as antagonists of bacteria, hold significant promise for combating drug-resistant bacterial infections. Their host specificity allows phages to target pathogenic bacteria without disrupting the gut microbiota, offering distinct advantages in the prevention and control of intestinal pathogens. The interaction between the phage and the gut plays a crucial role in the efficacy of phage-mediated bacterial killing.

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Advancements in radiotherapy technology now enable the delivery of ablative doses to targets in the upper urinary tract, including primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) or upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUC), and secondary involvement by other histologies. Magnetic resonance imaging-guided linear accelerators (MR-Linacs) have shown promise to further improve the precision and adaptability of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT). This single-institution retrospective study analyzed 34 patients (31 with upper urinary tract non-metastatic primaries [RCC or UTUC] and 3 with metastases of non-genitourinary histology) who received SBRT from August 2020 through September 2024 using a 1.

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Article Synopsis
  • - The study focuses on dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria (DSH), a rare genetic skin disorder linked to the ADAR1 gene, analyzed in a three-generation Chinese family.
  • - Researchers discovered a new mutation in the ADAR1 gene (c.763C>T) affecting multiple family members and reviewed existing literature on Chinese DSH cases to gather more genetic and clinical insights.
  • - Limitations noted include a restricted database search and unsatisfactory treatment outcomes, with a call for further research to link gene mutations to clinical symptoms and improve treatment options for DSH.
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The stereoselectivity of enzymes plays a central role in asymmetric biocatalytic reactions, but there remains a dearth of evolution-driven biochemistry studies investigating the evolutionary trajectory of this vital property. Imine reductases (IREDs) are one such enzyme that possesses excellent stereoselectivity, and stereocomplementary members are pervasive in the family. However, the regulatory mechanism behind stereocomplementarity remains cryptic.

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  • The study compares two surgical methods for repairing the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) in lateral ankle sprains: suture tape augmentation (STA) and suture anchor repair (SAR).
  • Researchers tested 18 cadaver ankles to evaluate the effectiveness of these methods through biomechanical testing, focusing on load to failure and stiffness.
  • Results showed that STA provided significantly better performance in terms of load to failure and stiffness compared to both SAR and the intact ATFL, while SAR demonstrated reliable biomechanical properties close to that of the intact ligament.
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N6-methyladenosine (mA) is a widespread post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotic mRNAs. Proteins with the YTH structural domain act as mA-binding proteins by recognizing the mA modification and regulating mRNA through this recognition. In this study, , a prototypical mA -binding protein gene in the YTH family was expressed in various tissues, and subcellular localization analyses indicated that the SlYTHDF2 protein was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm.

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Background: Temporal heterogeneity in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status may be associated with the prognosis of breast cancer. We aimed to clarify the relationship of HER2-low transition during neoadjuvant therapy with survival outcomes under the new classification of HER2 status.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted based on the prospective database of breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy from September 2013 to August 2020.

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Article Synopsis
  • Two patients, a 55-year-old man and a 61-year-old woman, had cancer that spread to their hearts near the right ventricle.
  • They were treated with a special kind of radiation therapy called MR-guided adaptive stereotactic radiation therapy (SBRT).
  • The treatment went well, and neither patient had any serious side effects.
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  • Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) establishes a lifelong infection in hosts and is linked to various cancers, but how it operates is still unclear.
  • The EBV protein BFRF3 inhibits the activation of the NF-κB promoter, which is involved in inflammation and immune responses, by interacting with key domains of the p65 protein.
  • BFRF3 not only reduces the activity and accumulation of p65 in the nucleus, but also impacts the phosphorylation process that is crucial for promoting EBV's proliferation.
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Condyloma acuminatum (CA), commonly known as anogenital warts, is a prevalent sexually transmitted disease primarily caused by low risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11. This case report outlines the successful use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) to treat extensive condyloma acuminatum in a young female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) undergoing immunosuppressive treatment. The patient also had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade I.

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Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become one of the standard treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without driver mutations. However, a considerable proportion of patients suffer from severe immune side effects and fail to respond to ICIs. As effective biomarkers, programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, microsatellite instability (MSI), the tumor mutation burden (TMB) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) require invasive procedures that place heavy physical and psychological burdens on patients.

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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the independent and joint associations of accelerometer-derived sleep duration and physical activity (PA) in different intensities with the risk of incident heart failure (HF).

Methods: The study included 89,572 participants (mean age 62.2 ± 7.

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  • The study focuses on the importance of lipid metabolism indicators in predicting outcomes for locally advanced breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).
  • Researchers utilized a random forest algorithm to identify key lipid factors and integrated them into the existing Neo-Bioscore model to enhance prognostic accuracy.
  • Findings indicated that higher levels of total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and body mass index (BMI) during treatment were associated with poorer survival rates, suggesting improved stratification for patient outcomes when these factors were included.
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Background: Liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to tumor initiation, progression, and recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The Wnt/β-catenin pathway plays a crucial role in liver cancer stemness, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance, but no clinically approved drugs have targeted this pathway efficiently so far. We aimed to elucidate the role of COLEC10 in HCC stemness.

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  • Verrucae vulgaris are contagious skin lesions caused by human papillomavirus, typically harmless but can affect quality of life, especially on the face or feet.
  • Treatment often struggles with effectiveness and cosmetic results; this report discusses a case of a 17-year-old male with generalized facial verrucae treated successfully with curettage and photodynamic therapy.
  • The patient's previous use of topical corticosteroids and history of scratching may have contributed to the outbreak, but the combined treatment led to complete lesion resolution and improved acne without side effects or recurrence.
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Abscisic acid (ABA) plays an important regulatory role in plants. It is very critical to obtain the dynamic changes of ABA in situ for botanical research. Herein, coupled with paper-based analysis devices, electrochemical immunoelectrodes based on disposable stainless steels sheet were developed for ABA detection in plants in situ.

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Objectives: To investigate the association between lipid ratios and survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Method: This retrospective study included patients with LABC receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Serum lipid levels were prospectively measured at baseline.

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Background: Head and neck (HN) gross tumor volume (GTV) auto-segmentation is challenging due to the morphological complexity and low image contrast of targets. Multi-modality images, including computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET), are used in the routine clinic to assist radiation oncologists for accurate GTV delineation. However, the availability of PET imaging may not always be guaranteed.

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Background: The role of circRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression remains unclear. CircPIAS1 (circBase ID: hsa_circ_0007088) was identified as overexpressed in HCC cases through bioinformatics analysis. This study aimed to investigate the oncogenic properties and mechanisms of circPIAS1 in HCC development.

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