Diagnostic and therapeutic effects of fluorescence cystoscopy and narrow-band imaging in bladder cancer: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: This review aims to compare the efficacies of fluorescence cystoscopy, narrow-band imaging (NBI), and white light cystoscopy in the treatment and diagnosis of bladder cancer.

Methods: The authors searched PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from January 1990 to April 2022. A total of 26 randomized controlled studies and 22 prospective single-arm studies were selected.