Application of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Rice Germplasm Innovation and Genetic Improvement.

Improving the efficiency of germplasm innovation has always been the aim of rice breeders. Traditional hybrid breeding methods for variety selection rarely meet the practical needs of rice production. The emergence of genome-editing technologies, such as CRISPR/Cas9, provides a new approach to the genetic improvement of crops such as rice.

Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of Rice Tolerance to Salt and Drought Stress: Advances and Future Directions.

Rice, a globally important food crop, faces significant challenges due to salt and drought stress. These abiotic stresses severely impact rice growth and yield, manifesting as reduced plant height, decreased tillering, reduced biomass, and poor leaf development. Recent advances in molecular biology and genomics have uncovered key physiological and molecular mechanisms that rice employs to cope with these stresses, including osmotic regulation, ion balance, antioxidant responses, signal transduction, and gene expression regulation.

Flexibility of parental-like or maternal-like gene expression under diverse environments contributes to combined drought avoidance and drought tolerance in a water-saving and drought-resistance rice hybrid.

Key Message: The hybrid rice variety (Hanyou73) exhibits the maternal-like (HH7A) gene expression in roots and parental-like (HH3) gene expression in leaves to obtain both advantages of drought avoidance and drought tolerance from its two parents.

Background: Rice is one of the most important crops in the world. Rice production consumes lots of water and significantly suffers from the water deficiency and drought stress.

Autotetraploidy of rice does not potentiate the tolerance to drought stress in the seedling stage.

Polyploid is considered an advantage that has evolved to be more environmentally adaptable than its diploid. To understand if doubled chromosome of diploid rice can improve drought tolerance, we evaluated the diploid (2X) and autotetraploid (4X) plants of three indica and three japonica varieties. Drought stress in the plastic bucket of four-leaf stage revealed that the drought tolerance of 4X plants was lower than that of its diploid donor plants.

Enhancing root physiology for increased yield in water-saving and drought-resistance rice with optimal irrigation and nitrogen.

Objectives: Water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR) plays a vital role in the sustainable development of agriculture. Nevertheless, the impacts and processes of water and nitrogen on grain yield in WDR remain unclear.

Methods: In this study, Hanyou 73 (WDR) and Hyou 518 (rice) were used as materials.

Breeding an early maturing, blast resistance water-saving and drought-resistance rice (WDR) cultivar using marker-assisted selection coupled with rapid generation advance.

Unlabelled: The water-saving and drought-resistance rice ( L.) (WDR) cultivar Huhan 9 harbors genes for resistance to rice blast (), including and . The early maturing rice cultivar Suhuxiangjing and the high-yield WDR cultivars Huhan 3 and Huhan 11 were used as the parents to conduct single cross breeding and composite hybridization breeding.

Mesophyll conductance and N allocation co-explained the variation in photosynthesis in two canola genotypes under contrasting nitrogen supply.

The application of nitrogen fertilizer within a normal range has been found to increase the leaf nitrogen content and photosynthetic rate of canola plants ( L.). Despite numerous studies on the separate effects of CO diffusion limitation and nitrogen allocation trade-off on photosynthetic rate, few have examined both these factors in relation to the photosynthetic rate of canola.

Feasibility analysis of TCB, hs-CRP, and UCB/ALB as outcome measures for dynamic assessment during phototherapy of neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia.

Hyperbilirubinemia (HY) is a common condition in neonates that requires phototherapy treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of transcutaneous bilirubin measurements (TCB), hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and unconjugated bilirubin (UCB)/albumin (ALB) as indicators of HY during neonatal phototherapy. A research group of 67 neonates with pathological HY and a control group of 55 healthy neonates were selected from a hospital between June 2020 and May 2021.

Improvement of Salinity Tolerance in Water-Saving and Drought-Resistance Rice (WDR).

Rice is one of the most economically important staple food crops in the world. Soil salinization and drought seriously restrict sustainable rice production. Drought aggravates the degree of soil salinization, and, at the same time, increased soil salinity also inhibits water absorption, resulting in physiological drought stress.

Molecular Breeding of Water-Saving and Drought-Resistant Rice for Blast and Bacterial Blight Resistance.

Rice production is often affected by biotic and abiotic stressors. The breeding of resistant cultivars is a cost-cutting and environmentally friendly strategy to maintain a sustainable high production level. An elite water-saving and drought-resistant rice (WDR), Hanhui3, is susceptible to blast and bacterial blight (BB).

Linkage mapping and association analysis to identify a reliable QTL for stigma exsertion rate in rice.

The commercialization of hybrid rice has greatly contributed to the increase in rice yield, with the improvement of its seed production capacity having played an important role. The stigma exsertion rate (SER) is a key factor for improving the outcrossing of the sterile line and the hybrid rice seed production. We used the Zhenshan 97B × IRAT109 recombinant inbred population comprising 163 lines and a natural population of 138 accessions to decipher the genetic foundation of SER over 2 years in three environments.

Molecular Breeding of a Novel PTGMS Line of WDR for Broad-Spectrum Resistance to Blast Using Pi9, Pi5, and Pi54 Genes.

Background: The two-line method based on the photoperiod and thermo-sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) lines is more cost-effective, simple, and efficient than the three-line system based on cytoplasmic male-sterility. Blast and drought are the most prevalent biotic and abiotic stress factors hampering rice production. Molecular techniques demonstrate higher efficacy in the pyramiding of disease resistance genes, providing green performance under the background of water-saving and drought-resistance rice.

Significance of amplitude integrated electroencephalography in early stage of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy and cerebral function monitoring in Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

Objective: To investigate the role of amplitude integrated electroencephalography (aEEG) diagnosis in early stage of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), and to evaluate the feasibility of aEEG in cerebral function monitoring in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU).

Methods: 60 cases of term infants with neonatal HIE were included in the observation group, and 50 healthy term infants were enrolled as the control group. Both groups received aEEG monitoring within 6 hours after birth, and the results were analyzed.

Exosomal circ_0004136 enhances the progression of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia depending on the regulation of miR-570-3p/TSPAN3 axis.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in the progression of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Although circ_0004136 has been found to play a crucial role in AML, our understanding of its molecular mechanism remains very limited. The levels of circ_0004136, miR-570-3p and tetraspanin 3 (TSPAN3) were determined by quantitative real-time PCR or western blot.

Transcriptomic divergence between upland and lowland ecotypes contributes to rice adaptation to a drought-prone agroecosystem.

Introduction: Transcriptomic divergence drives plant ecological adaptation. Upland rice is differentiated in drought tolerance from lowland rice during its adaptation to the drought-prone environment. They provide a good system to learn the evolution of drought tolerance in rice.

[A clinical epidemiological investigation of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome in southwest Hubei, China].

Objective: To investigate the clinical features and outcome of neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in southwest Hubei, China.

Methods: According to the Montreux definition of neonatal ARDS, a retrospective clinical epidemiological investigation was performed on the medical data of neonates with ARDS who were admitted to Department of Neonatology/Pediatrics in 17 level 2 or level 3 hospitals in southwest Hubei from January to December, 2017.

Results: A total of 7 150 neonates were admitted to the 17 hospitals in southwest Hubei during 2017 and 66 (0.

Development and validation of a PCR-based functional marker system for identifying the low amylose content-associated gene in rice.

Low amylose content (AC) is a desirable trait for rice ( L.) cooking quality and is selected in soft rice breeding. The allele was derived from a Yunnan rice landrace in China, Haopi, with low AC.

Fine mapping a quantitative trait locus, qSER-7, that controls stigma exsertion rate in rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Background: Stigma exsertion rate (SER) is a key determinant of outcrossing in hybrid rice seed production. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) for stigma exsertion rate in rice, qSER-7, has previously been detected on chromosome 7 by using a F population derived from two indica cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) maintainers, Huhan 1B and II-32B.

Results: The chromosomal location of qSER-7 was precisely delimited by fine-scale mapping.

The association between body lead levels and childhood rickets: A meta-analysis based on Chinese cohort.

China has serious lead pollution and a high incidence of childhood rickets. High lead levels have been reported in childhood rickets, but the results were inconsistent.To evaluate the association between body lead levels and childhood rickets.