Prenatal exposure to elevated ambient temperature may cause bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Evidence from twin pairs across China.

Exposure to high ambient temperature (TM) may affect lung development, but the association of prenatal TM exposure with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is unclear. We explored the impact of prenatal TM exposure on BPD, and identify the critical exposure windows. Individual information of participants was collected from 21 hospitals across China.

[Risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in twin preterm infants: a multicenter study].

Objectives: To investigate the risk factors for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in twin preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks, and to provide a basis for early identification of BPD in twin preterm infants in clinical practice.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the twin preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks who were admitted to 22 hospitals nationwide from January 2018 to December 2020. According to their conditions, they were divided into group A (both twins had BPD), group B (only one twin had BPD), and group C (neither twin had BPD).

Mutual Associations of Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants in the First 1000 Days of Life With Asthma/Wheezing in Children: Prospective Cohort Study in Guangzhou, China.

Background: The first 1000 days of life, encompassing pregnancy and the first 2 years after birth, represent a critical period for human health development. Despite this significance, there has been limited research into the associations between mixed exposure to air pollutants during this period and the development of asthma/wheezing in children. Furthermore, the finer sensitivity window of exposure during this crucial developmental phase remains unclear.

Case Report: Neonatal genital prolapse in a pair of premature Twins.

Neonatal genital prolapse is a rare situation. This report presents a unique case involving a pair of premature female twins who both developed vaginal wall prolapse without any neurological deficits. Multiple factors such as selective intrauterine growth restriction, feeding intolerance, extrauterine growth retardation, and elevated intra-abdominal pressure after birth may have contributed to the development of this phenomenon.

Assisted reproductive technology induces different secondary sex ratio: parental and embryonic impacts.

Background: Assisted reproduction technology (ART) has advanced significantly, raising concerns regarding its impact on the secondary sex ratio (SSR), which is the sex ratio at birth in offspring. This study aimed to explore factors affecting SSR in singletons, singletons from twin gestation, and twins from twin gestation within the context of ART.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from 8335 births involving 6,223 couples undergoing ART.

Long-term exposure to ambient ozone and cardiovascular diseases: Evidence from two national cohort studies in China.

Introduction: The health effects of ambient ozone have been investigated in many previous studies. However, the effects of long-term exposure to ambient ozone on the incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remain inconclusive.

Objectives: To estimate the associations of long-term exposure to maximum daily 8-hours average ozone (MDA8 O) with the incidence of total CVD, heart disease, hypertension, and stroke.

A two-center retrospective study: association of early caffeine administration and oxygen radical diseases in neonatology in Chinese preterm neonates.

Introduction: Since December 2012, the prophylactic use of caffeine to treat AOP in preterm infants has been approved in China. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between early caffeine treatment initiation and the incidence of oxygen radical diseases in neonatology (ORDIN) in Chinese preterm infants.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at two hospitals in South China, involving 452 preterm infants with gestational ages less than 37 weeks.

Umbilical cord blood exosomes from very preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia aggravate lung injury in mice.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is characterized by abnormal development of the blood vessels and alveoli in lungs, which largely occurs in premature infants. Exosomes (EXO) from very preterm infants (VPI) with BPD (BPD-EXO) impair angiogenic activities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via EXO-miRNAs cargo. This study aimed to determine whether and how BPD-EXO affect the development of BPD in a mouse model.

Umbilical cord blood-derived exosomes from healthy term pregnancies protect against hyperoxia-induced lung injury in mice.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic, devastating disease primarily occurring in premature infants. To date, intervention strategies to prevent or treat BPD are limited. We aimed to determine the effects of umbilical cord blood-derived exosomes (UCB-EXOs) from healthy term pregnancies on hyperoxia-induced lung injury and to identify potential targets for BPD intervention.

Effect of long-term exposure to PM on the risk of type 2 diabetes and arthritis in type 2 diabetes patients: Evidence from a national cohort in China.

Background: It remains unclear whether type 2 diabetes and the complication of arthritis are causally related to the PM pollutant. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations of long-term PM exposure with type 2 diabetes and with arthritis in type 2 diabetes patients.

Materials And Methods: This study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS) implemented during 2011-2018.

High value valorization of lignin as environmental benign antimicrobial.

Lignin is a natural aromatic polymer of -hydroxyphenylpropanoids with various biological activities. Noticeably, plants have made use of lignin as biocides to defend themselves from pathogen microbial invasions. Thus, the use of isolated lignin as environmentally benign antimicrobial is believed to be a promising high value approach for lignin valorization.

Mesenchymal stem cells from different sources show distinct therapeutic effects in hyperoxia-induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia in rats.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown as an effective medicinal means to treat bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). The widely used MSCs were from Wharton's jelly of umbilical cord (UC-MSCs) and bone marrow (BM-MSCs). Amniotic fluid MSCs (AF-MSCs) may be produced before an individual is born to treat foetal diseases by autoplastic transplantation.

Sox9-expressing cells promote regeneration after radiation-induced lung injury via the PI3K/AKT pathway.

Background: Radiation-induced lung injury (RILI) is considered one of the most common complications of thoracic radiation. Recent studies have focused on stem cell properties to obtain ideal therapeutic effects, and Sox9 has been reported to be involved in stem cell induction and differentiation. However, whether Sox9-expressing cells play a role in radiation repair and regeneration remains unknown.

Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Exosomes From Very Preterm Infants With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Impaired Endothelial Angiogenesis: Roles of Exosomal MicroRNAs.

Premature infants have a high risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), which is characterized by abnormal development of alveoli and pulmonary vessels. Exosomes and exosomal miRNAs (EXO-miRNAs) from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid are involved in the development of BPD and might serve as predictive biomarkers for BPD. However, the roles of exosomes and EXO-miRNAs from umbilical cord blood of BPD infants in regulating angiogenesis are yet to be elucidated.

Weighted gene coexpression network reveals downregulation of genes in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a serious lung disease observed in premature infants, known to cause considerable morbidity and mortality. Its prognosis is influenced by a complex network of genetic interactions. In this study, we determined the potential key factors in the pathogenesis of this condition.

[A clinical analysis of neurobehavioral development within one year after birth in preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia].

Objective: To study the effect of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on neurobehavioral development within one year after birth in preterm infants.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks who were born from September 2017 to December 2019 and completed the follow-up assessments of neurobehavioral development at the corrected gestational ages of 40 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months. According to their diagnosis, they were divided into a BPD group with 23 infants and a non-BPD group with 27 infants.

Long Noncoding RNA HOXA-AS3 Integrates NF-κB Signaling To Regulate Endothelium Inflammation.

The long noncoding RNA HOXA-AS3 has recently been reported to act as a critical regulator in inflammation-linked lung adenocarcinoma. However, the roles of HOXA-AS3 in endothelium inflammation and related vascular disorders remain poorly defined. In the current study, we identified HOXA-AS3 to be a critical activator to promote NF-κB-mediated endothelium inflammation.

Sexual Dimorphisms of Preeclampsia-Dysregulated Transcriptomic Profiles and Cell Function in Fetal Endothelial Cells.

Preeclampsia impairs fetoplacental vascular function and increases risks of adult-onset cardiovascular disorders in children born to preeclamptic mothers, implicating that preeclampsia programs fetal vasculature in utero. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. We hypothesize that preeclampsia alters fetal endothelial gene expression and disturbs cytokines- and growth factors-induced endothelial responses.

G Protein α Subunit 14 Mediates Fibroblast Growth Factor 2-Induced Cellular Responses in Human Endothelial Cells.

During pregnancy, a tremendous increase in fetoplacental angiogenesis is associated with elevated blood flow. Aberrant fetoplacental vascular function may lead to pregnancy complications including pre-eclampsia. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) are crucial regulators of fetoplacental endothelial function.

GNA11 differentially mediates fibroblast growth factor 2- and vascular endothelial growth factor A-induced cellular responses in human fetoplacental endothelial cells.

Key Points: Fetoplacental vascular growth is critical to fetal growth. Fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) are two major regulators of fetoplacental vascular growth. G protein α subunit 11 (GNA11) transmits signals from many external stimuli to the cellular interior and may mediate endothelial function.

Different concentrations of docosahexanoic acid supplement during lactation result in different outcomes in preterm Sprague-Dawley rats.

Propose: In this study, we evaluated the effects of different concentrations of docosahexanoic acid (DHA) supplement on preterm Sprague-Dawley rat pups, and in parallel, measured the phosphorylation activity of the mTOR pathway in the hippocampal CA1 area.

Methods: Preterm Sprague-Dawley rat pups were randomly assigned to experimental groups which included; a sufficient DHA group (100 mg/kg/day); an enriched DHA group (300 mg/kg/day); an excess DHA group (800 mg/kg/day); and a deficient DHA group (normal saline gavage 0.1 ml/10 g).

Effect of parental physiological conditions and assisted reproductive technologies on the pregnancy and birth outcomes in infertile patients.

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are widely used to treat infertility. Emerging evidence suggested that ART was associated with perinatal or neonatal problems, however, little is known about the ART related risk factors. Here using 21136 ART cases, we determined the impacts of parental physiological conditions in the ART mediated pregnancy outcomes.

Toll-like 4 receptor /NFκB inflammatory/miR-146a pathway contributes to the ART-correlated preterm birth outcome.

Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is widely used for the women with infertility conditions to achieve pregnancy. However, the adverse effects of ART may lead to poor perinatal and neonatal outcomes, e.g.

[Comparative analysis of risk factors for preterm and small-for-gestational-age births].

Objective: To compare the risk factors between preterm and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births.

Methods: A total of 1 270 newborns who had no obstetric risk factors or maternal diseases were enrolled in this study. Their mothers' stature, body weight, passive smoking, and history of abnormal pregnancy were investigated using the self-designed questionnaire.