Publications by authors named "Xinping Li"
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have demonstrated remarkable efficacy across various cancer types. However, immune-related adverse events (irAEs) pose a significant challenge in immunotherapy, particularly the associated pneumonia as the primary adverse reaction, which can lead to irreversible pulmonary fibrosis. Additionally, monotherapy with programmed death ligand (PD-L1) inhibitors has shown limited effectiveness.
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- Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are useful in biomedicine due to their stability, tunability, and low toxicity, but their small size can limit brightness due to surface quenching.
- A new strategy uses sulforhodamine B (SRB) dye to enhance energy transfer efficiency, resulting in up to 98.8% efficiency and a significant increase in SRB emission.
- Further improvements included adding a pH-responsive dye to create a specialized sensor for protons, making the UCNPs suitable for advanced biomedical sensing and imaging.
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- Coronary heart disease (CHD) alongside anxiety or depression is gaining attention in cardiology, highlighting the need to understand their interconnected mechanisms.
- Research indicates that Silent Information Regulatory Factor 1 (SIRT1) may be a key biomarker and therapeutic target, aiding in the treatment of CHD in patients also experiencing anxiety or depression.
- This review explores SIRT1's structure, function, and mechanisms, detailing its role in reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and enhancing protective effects in both cardiovascular and nervous systems.
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- - The study identifies two new diterpene lactones, eufislactones A and B, isolated from the roots of Euphorbia fischeriana, alongside a new compound and fifteen known derivatives.
- - The structural analysis of these compounds was performed using various methods including spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction, revealing their unique chemical configurations.
- - Eufislactone A has shown a significant effect on inhibiting the differentiation of human valvular interstitial cells, indicating its potential to help prevent calcific aortic valve disease.
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- The study focuses on the health benefits of certain bacteria and how their survival changes during the thermal processing of various foods.
- A predictive model was developed to estimate the survival rates of these bacteria at different temperatures (85-115°C) during processes like cooking coffee and making instant noodles.
- The model demonstrated high accuracy, with predictions closely matching actual measurements, and can help assess the stability of beneficial bacteria in food during thermal processing.
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- Cerebral ischemia leads to significant brain injury, with the blood-brain barrier (BBB) playing a critical role in this process, making its regulation during ischemia essential to understand.
- In this study, both in vitro and in vivo models were used to examine the effects of PD-1 overexpression and inhibition on microglia and BBB permeability, employing various biochemical techniques to measure inflammation and brain injury.
- Results showed that PD-1 overexpression shifted microglia from an inflammatory M1 state to a protective M2 state, reducing BBB permeability and brain damage, suggesting a potential therapeutic role for PD-1 in cerebral ischemia.
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- Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) is a leading cause of salmonellosis, with concerns about multidrug-resistant strains on the rise.
- A distinct rough colony variant found in China shows a strong ability to form biofilms and exhibits higher resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents, linked to an IncHI2 plasmid with 19 resistance genes.
- Phylogenomic analysis reveals these variants mostly belong to sublineage L6.5, which likely originated from smoother strains around 1977, with specific genetic changes contributing to their characteristics.
Deep eutectic solvent pretreatment of cellulose and development of hydrophobic foaming material.
Int J Biol Macromol
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- The study examines how deep eutectic solvents (DES), specifically choline chloride-oxalic acid and a blend with glycerol, impact the structure of cellulose when treating cotton fibers.
- Results show that the ternary solvent mixture helps preserve cellulose integrity better than the binary one, yielding over 90% cellulose recovery.
- The foams produced from this process demonstrate high water repellency and mechanical strength, suggesting potential applications as environmentally friendly packaging alternatives to plastic.
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- - Recent studies show that aging contributes to joint diseases, and alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG) may have anti-aging benefits, but its effects on temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJOA) are still unclear.
- - Research found that αKG improves cartilage health in older mice and alleviates joint issues in rats with TMJOA, reversing negative effects from certain inflammatory markers in chondrocytes.
- - αKG appears to enhance cartilage stability and reduce inflammation by modulating specific cellular signaling pathways, suggesting it could be a promising treatment for age-related TMJOA.
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- - Mitochondrial gene expression depends on mitoribosomes, which require various assembly factors, including GTP-binding proteins (GTPBPs) for their formation.
- - This study focuses on GTPBP8, the human version of a protein important for ribosome assembly; its absence disrupts mitochondrial translation and impairs oxidative phosphorylation.
- - Analysis shows that without GTPBP8, mitoribosomal large subunits can't mature properly, and GTPBP8 directly binds to 16S rRNA in the mitochondrial ribosome, indicating its critical role in gene expression.
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- - A new type of bio-nanocomposite film made from nanolignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNF) is created to improve food freshness detection.
- - This film shows high sensitivity to biogenic amines with a detection limit of 1.83 ppm and an impressive fluorescence color difference, thanks to interactions like fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and increased hydrophobicity from lignin.
- - The film not only maintains color stability for up to 28 days and has strong mechanical properties but also features a smartphone detection platform for enhancing food safety monitoring.
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- * Researchers assessed 41 postoperative lung cancer survivors by measuring lung function via FVC and FEV1, activity levels through VO2max, anaerobic threshold, and walking distance, and QoL via the SF-36 survey.
- * Results indicated that while traditional lung function metrics (FVC and FEV1) had weak links to QoL, physical activity measures (VO2max and anaerobic threshold) were positively associated, suggesting that enhancing physical activity could improve QoL for these patients.
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- The study aimed to explore how various factors affect valproic acid (VPA) concentrations in children with epilepsy and the role of CYP2C9 gene variations in personalizing VPA dosing.
- Researchers analyzed medical records of pediatric patients receiving therapeutic drug monitoring for VPA, considering factors like age, sex, and liver function, along with genotyping to check for CYP2C9 polymorphisms.
- Findings showed that liver function and specific CYP2C9 variants were significant in determining VPA levels, highlighting the need for individualized treatment strategies to improve safety and effectiveness for young patients.
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- Researchers modified tannic acid onto cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) to create TA@CNFs and used this to develop a new self-healing hydrogel with noteworthy strength and flexibility.
- The resulting PTC double-network hydrogel exhibits impressive mechanical properties, with a fracture stress over 10 times greater than traditional PVA hydrogels and a high fracture strain of 1723%.
- PTC hydrogel can rapidly self-heal within two minutes, reshape with temperature changes, and adhere to skin to function as a sensitive and stable motion detection sensor.
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- The study investigates the effectiveness of the strain rate ratio (SR) in elastography for distinguishing between benign and malignant breast masses classified as BI-RADS categories 3 and 4, using data from 1099 cases.
- Results showed high diagnostic accuracy with an SR cut-off value of 3.57, yielding sensitivity of 85.7% and specificity of 98.8%, alongside a strong consistency of 93.6% with pathological diagnoses.
- The SR values demonstrated significant differences between benign and malignant lesions, with the study highlighting the SR method's potential to improve diagnostic accuracy for breast masses.
Association of gut microbiome and oral cavity cancer: A two sample mendelian randomization and case-control study.
J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg
September 2024
Article Synopsis
- - This study used Mendelian Randomization to explore how gut microbiota impacts the risk of developing oral cavity cancer, given the connection between the oral cavity and gut health.
- - Researchers analyzed genetic variants (SNPs) from a large sample of 18,340 individuals to identify specific gut microbiota taxa linked to increased or decreased cancer risk.
- - The findings highlighted five taxa that may increase cancer risk and several others that may reduce it, providing new insights for potential clinical interventions.
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- The study investigates the effects of SA, a plant extract from southwestern China, on the gut microbiota and metabolic regulation in rats with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) induced by a high-fat diet (HFD).
- SA treatment significantly reduced body weight, lipid levels, and inflammation while inhibiting various inflammatory markers related to the NLRP3 signaling pathway.
- Analysis demonstrated that SA improved gut microbiota diversity and altered microbial composition, identifying 24 key metabolites that may play a role in restoring metabolic balance in NASH rats.
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- Cellulose, a renewable and eco-friendly polymer, shows potential for use in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), particularly in the development of separators, but its functional groups and their effects are not yet fully understood.
- The review assesses how specific functional groups in cellulose, like hydroxyl (-OH) and carboxyl (-COOH), impact properties like mechanical strength and thermal stability, making them suitable substitutes for conventional materials.
- The findings underscore the importance of understanding these functional groups in enhancing LIB performance while discussing ongoing challenges and suggesting future research directions in cellulose-based energy storage solutions.
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- The study explored the effectiveness of a cream with VHProbi® MixA in improving skin aging through both in vitro and clinical tests.
- In vitro results showed that a lysate from Lacticaseibacillus paracasei E12 had immunoregulatory and antioxidant properties, significantly reducing harmful interleukins and enhancing skin cell survival in model experiments.
- Clinical trials over 60 days indicated that using the cream led to noticeable improvements in skin hydration, elasticity, and reduced signs of aging like wrinkles and roughness, supporting its potential as a beneficial anti-aging treatment.
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- The study examines how different types of rocks respond to both static and dynamic (impact) loading using various mechanical tests on five rock samples.
- It compares the observed mechanical properties and failure modes, particularly noting variations in performance with changing impact pressures.
- The research concludes that while the RHT constitutive model more accurately simulates the behavior of rocks under impact conditions, the HJC model is limited in its applicability, especially for gypsum and reef limestone.
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- - The study investigates the timing and frequency of hip fracture surgeries in elderly patients in China, aiming for surgery within 24-36 hours post-injury.
- - Data was collected from over 304,000 patients aged 65 and older between 2013 and 2017, revealing an average hospital stay of 15 days and a waiting time of about 96 hours for surgery.
- - Findings indicate that the surgery rate for hip fractures in this demographic is only 59.6%, with the lowest rate in Northwest China at 46.4%, highlighting significant issues with delays and low surgical intervention.
Sequenced behaviours, including locomotion, reaching and vocalization, are patterned differently in different contexts, enabling animals to adjust to their environments. How contextual information shapes neural activity to flexibly alter the patterning of actions is not fully understood. Previous work has indicated that this could be achieved via parallel motor circuits, with differing sensitivities to context.
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- * Oat milk, lactose-free and nutrient-rich, is gaining popularity as a plant-based option, benefiting from advancements in food processing technology.
- * The review compares oat milk and traditional milk on various aspects including health effects, processing methods, environmental impact, and consumer preferences, aiming to guide choices between the two.
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- High in-situ stress must be considered when excavating deep underground caverns to ensure safety and effectiveness.
- Researchers investigated rock fracture behaviors under blast loads at the Shuangjiangkou Hydropower Station, using a new blasting method called sequential controlled fracture blasting (SCFB) to enhance rock breakage and protect surrounding areas.
- Numerical simulations showed that SCFB can effectively control rock fracture direction and behavior, with optimal spacing between blast holes facilitating better crack shaping and demonstrating the influence of in-situ stress on crack propagation.
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- - The re-emergence of nanocellulose as a versatile biomaterial is driving a sustainable bioeconomy thanks to its eco-friendly properties and potential for advanced applications in various fields.
- - Despite its impressive attributes, nanocellulose's natural water-attractiveness requires surface modifications to enhance its suitability for specific uses, particularly through chemical grafting techniques.
- - This review focuses on under-discussed 'graft onto' methods for modifying nanocellulose, highlighting its innovative applications ranging from advanced nanocomposites to areas like biomedicine and wastewater treatment.