Distribution of primary and secondary metabolites among the leaf layers of headed cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata).

The present study investigated the distribution of several primary metabolites (soluble sugar, protein, and mineral) and secondary metabolites (carotenoids, vitamin C, anthocyanin, flavonoids, and total phenolic compounds) among the leaf layers of headed cabbage. The leaf layers of two cultivars were separated and numbered sequentially from the outer to the inner leaves. The fructose and glucose content of the inner leaf layers was significantly greater than that of the outer layers.

3'-Daidzein sulfonate sodium inhibits neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion.

This study aimed to observe the effects of 3'-daidzein sulfonate sodium (DSS) on ischemia-reperfusion-induced brain injury and to analyze the mechanisms responsible for neuronal apoptosis. Focal ischemias were induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats using middle cerebral artery occlusion. The rats were divided into 5 groups based on sham surgery or real occlusion, and treatment with different doses of DSS (0.