Phyllospheric fungal diversity in decomposing larch leaf litter: a comparative study of epiphytic and endophytic fungi.

Introduction: Epiphytic and endophytic fungi are primary decomposers of forest litter due to their complex species composition and metabolic functions. To clarify the community diversity of phyllospheric fungi and to explore nutrient loss and the role of fungal decomposition, we conducted a study on the decomposition of leaf litter during the 1-year decomposition of in the cold temperate zone.

Methods: Fungal diversity data were characterized via Single Molecule Sequencing (based on the Sequel II Sequencing System) and statistical analyses in R.

Application and prospects of EMOFs in the fields of explosives and propellants.

Energetic Metal-Organic Framework (EMOF) compounds have gained significant attention in recent years as a hot research topic in the fields of explosives and propellants. This article provides an overview of the latest research progress of EMOFs in various areas, including heat-resistant explosives, burning rate catalysts and initiating explosives. It discusses the recent development trends of high-energy EMOFs, such as high-dimensional and solvent-free structural design, simplified and scalable synthesis conditions, environmentally friendly manufacturing processes with tunable structures, high-energy, low-sensitivity and multifunctional target products.

and Fungi Become Dominant Taxa in Taiga Soil after Fire Disturbance.

Fungi have important ecological functions in the soil of forests, where they decompose organic matter, provide plants with nutrients, increase plant water uptake, and improve plant resistance to adversity, disease, and disturbance. A forest fire presents a serious disturbance of the local ecosystem and can be considered an important component affecting the function of ecosystem biomes; however, the response of soil fungi to fire disturbance is largely unknown. To investigate the effects of fire disturbance on the community composition and diversity of soil fungi in a taiga forest, we collected soil from plots that had undergone a light, moderate, and heavy fire 10 years previously, with the inclusion of a fire-free control.

Heterogeneous Habitats in Taiga Forests with Different Important Values of Constructive Species Changes Bacterial Beta Diversity.

As a crucial link between the aboveground and belowground components of forest ecosystems, soil bacterial communities are extremely sensitive to changes in plant communities and soil conditions. To investigate the impact of the difference of constructive species on soil bacterial communities in taiga forests, we conducted a vegetation survey at the international monitoring plot of the forests in the Great Khingan Mountains and calculated the important value of to determine experimental groups based on this survey. Subsequently, we collected soil samples for high-throughput sequencing to analyze how the soil bacterial community composition and diversity changed, and which factors affected them.

Transcriptome Analysis of Antennal Chemosensory Genes in Faust. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

The olfactory system plays a key role in regulating insect behaviors, such as locating host plants, spawning sites, and mating partners and avoiding predators. Chemosensory genes are required for olfactory recognition in insects. Faust.

Network pharmacology and molecular docking reveal the effective substances and active mechanisms of Dalbergia Odoriferain protecting against ischemic stroke.

Dalbergia Odorifera (DO) has been widely used for the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseasesinclinical. However, the effective substances and possible mechanisms of DO are still unclear. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used toelucidate the effective substances and active mechanisms of DO in treating ischemic stroke (IS).

Salvianolic acid B regulates macrophage polarization in ischemic/reperfused hearts by inhibiting mTORC1-induced glycolysis.

Macrophages play important roles in the healing and remodeling of cardiac tissues after myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Here we investigated the potential effects of salvianolic acid B (SalB), one of the abundant and bioactive compounds extracted from Chinese herb Salvia Miltiorrhiza (Danshen), on macrophage-mediated inflammation after MI/R and the underlying mechanisms. In primary cultured bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), SalB attenuated lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced M1 biomarkers (IL-6, iNOS, CCL2 and TNF-α) mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner.

A network pharmacology approach to reveal the protective mechanism of Salvia miltiorrhiza-Dalbergia odorifera coupled-herbs on coronary heart disease.

Salvia miltiorrhiza-Dalbergia odorifera coupled-herbs (SMDOCH) has been used to treat coronary heart disease (CHD) for thousands of years, but its unclear bioactive components and mechanisms greatly limit its clinical application. In this study, for the first time, we used network pharmacology to elucidate the mechanisms of action of SMDOCH on CHD. We collected 270 SMDOCH-related targets from 74 bioactive components and 375 CHD-related targets, with 58 overlapping common targets.

A Multi-Sensor Based Roadheader Positioning Model and Arbitrary Tunnel Cross Section Automatic Cutting.

Autonomous posture detection and self-localization of roadheaders is the key to automatic tunneling and roadheader robotization. In this paper, a multi-sensor based positioning method, involving an inertial system for altitude angles measurement, total station for coordinate measurement, and sensors for measuring the real-time length of the hydraulic cylinder is presented for roadheader position measurement and posture detection. Based on this method, a positioning model for roadheader and cutter positioning is developed.

[Patterns and characteristics of ecological water demand in west arid zone of China--a case study of green corridor in the lower reaches of Tarim River].

Ecological water demand has some characteristics. The ecological water demand that was used for protection of the green corridor in the lower reaches of Tarim River was chiefly water demand by natural vegetation below Daxihaizi reservoir, and it included gross restoration water amount of ground water level and gross stand water amount in all over the lower reaches of Tarim River. The gross restoration water amount of ground water level mainly included restoration water amount of ground water level and lateral discharge, as well as evaporation of the course.