AXL and SHC1 confer crizotinib resistance in patient-derived xenograft model of ALK-driven lung cancer.

Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor crizotinib has dramatic effect in non-small cell lung cancer patients with ALK rearrangement. However, most patients eventually develop resistance. To discover therapeutic targets to overcome crizotinib resistance (CR), we generated patient-derived xenograft CR mice and subjected them to phosphorylation profiling, together with CR mice treated with ASP3026 or alectinib.

Glucocorticoid efficacy and treatment strategies for drug-induced liver injury: a literature review.

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is an adverse reaction to drugs and their metabolites. The activation of adaptive immune and inflammatory responses plays an important role in the pathogenesis of DILI. Glucocorticoids (GCs) have powerful anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects and have been used to treat a variety of immune-mediated liver diseases.

Prevalence and effect on prognosis of sarcopenia in patients with primary biliary cholangitis.

Background: Sarcopenia adversely affects the treatment outcomes in Cirrhosis and NAFLD. However, such research is limited in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients. This study was performed to examine the prevalence of sarcopenia and its impact on PBC patients' prognoses.

Long-term survival analysis of ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma conforming to the Milan criteria: primary versus recurrent HCC.

Background: This study compared long-term outcomes between patients with initial hepatocellular carcinoma (IHCC) and those with recurrent HCC (RHCC) treated with microwave ablation (MWA).

Methods: This retrospective study included 425 patients with HCCs (294 IHCCs and 131 RHCCs) within the Milan criteria who were treated with ultrasound-guided percutaneous MWA between January 2008 and November 2021. All patients with RHCC had previously undergone MWA for initial HCC.

Causal associations between gut microbiota and Cholestatic liver diseases: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: The etiological factors of Cholestatic Liver Diseases especially primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) are not fully illustrated. It has been reported in previous observational studies that gut microbiota are associated with cholestatic liver diseases. However, there is uncertainty regarding the causality of this association.

Early versus Late Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Microwave Ablation: Patterns, Treatments, and Post-Recurrence Survival.

Introduction: Recurrence after microwave ablation (MWA) has not been extensively studied. We aimed to investigate the patterns, treatments, and survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who experienced early and late recurrence after MWA.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with HCC recurrence after MWA as the initial treatment from January 2008 to December 2021.

Five-year outcomes of surgical aortic valve replacement with a novel bovine pericardial bioprosthesis.

Objectives: The short-term performance of the Cingular bovine pericardial aortic valve was proven. This study evaluated its 5-year safety and haemodynamic outcomes.

Methods: It enrolled 148 patients who underwent surgical aortic valve replacement with the Cingular bovine pericardial aortic valve between March 2016 and October 2017 in 5 clinical centres in China.

Identifying optimal candidates for autologous peripheral blood stem cell therapy in patients with decompensated liver cirrhosis: a prognostic scoring system.

Background: Stem cell transplantation shows great potential to improve the long-term survival of cirrhosis patients. However, therapeutic effects may not be homogeneous across the whole study population. This study constructed an easy-to-use nomogram to improve prognostic prediction and aid in treatment decision making for cirrhotic patients.

Liraglutide Attenuates Aortic Valve Calcification in a High-Cholesterol-Diet-Induced Experimental Calcific Aortic Valve Disease Model in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice.

Background: Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among elderly people. However, no effective medications have been approved to slow or prevent the progression of CAVD. Here, we examined the effect of liraglutide on aortic valve stenosis.

Changes of ubiquitylated proteins in atrial fibrillation associated with heart valve disease: proteomics in human left atrial appendage tissue.

Background: Correlations between posttranslational modifications and atrial fibrillation (AF) have been demonstrated in recent studies. However, it is still unclear whether and how ubiquitylated proteins relate to AF in the left atrial appendage of patients with AF and valvular heart disease.

Methods: Through LC-MS/MS analyses, we performed a study on tissues from eighteen subjects (9 with sinus rhythm and 9 with AF) who underwent cardiac valvular surgery.

N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation in liver diseases: from mechanism to treatment.

Epigenetic modification occurring in RNA has become the hotspot of the field. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) methylation is the most abundant RNA internal modification mainly occurring at the consensus motif DR (m6A) CH (D = A/G/U, R = A/G, H = A/C/U) in the 3'-UTR particularly the region near stop codons. The life cycle of m6A methylation includes "writers," "erasers," and "readers", which are responsible for the addition, removal, and recognition of m6A, respectively.

Mechanical thrombectomy for vertebral and basilar artery occlusions: An institutional experience with 17 patients.

Acute ischemic stroke of the posterior circulation as a result of vertebrobasilar artery occlusions is often associated with severe morbidity and mortality rates. Vertebrobasilar artery occlusion retrieval via mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is a novel treatment modality for occlusive strokes. Nevertheless, factors associated with positive outcomes have not yet been adequately investigated.

Fenofibrate normalizes alkaline phosphatase and improves long-term outcomes in patients with advanced primary biliary cholangitis refractory to ursodeoxycholic acid.

Background: Although patients with advanced liver disease have been included in studies evaluating fibrates for the treatment of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), the frequency of biochemical responses and adverse effects for this group of patients was not reported separately and comprehensively.

Aims: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of additional fenofibrate therapy in patients with advanced and ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA)-refractory PBC.

Methods: Patients were analyzed retrospectively to determine the clinical therapeutic effects of UDCA with additional fenofibrate therapy versus continued UDCA monotherapy.

Chinese Expert Consensus on Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (2021 Edition).

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies in China. Most HCC patients are first diagnosed at an advanced stage, and systemic treatments are the mainstay of treatment.

Summary: In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have made a breakthrough in the systemic treatment of middle-advanced HCC, breaking the single therapeutic pattern of molecular-targeted agents.

Near-infrared-dye labeled tumor vascular-targeted dimer GEBP11 peptide for image-guided surgery in gastric cancer.

Introduction: Positive resection margins occur in about 2.8%-8.2% gastric cancer surgeries and is associated with poor prognosis.

A Phase 3 clinical trial validating the potency and safety of an innovative, extra-long-acting interferon in chronic hepatitis C.

Background And Aim: Ropeginterferon alfa-2b is a novel mono-pegylated, extra-long-acting interferon. It is administered infrequently and showed good tolerability and clinical activity for the chronic hepatitis B or C treatment in our previous Phase 2 clinical trials. This study aims to validate the potency and safety of this novel agent in a Phase 3 chronic viral hepatitis setting.

Prediction and evaluation of high-risk patients with primary biliary cholangitis receiving ursodeoxycholic acid therapy: an early criterion.

Background And Aims: Current treatment guidelines recommend ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) as the first-line treatment for new-diagnosed primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) patients. However, up to 40% patients are insensitive to UDCA monotherapy, and evaluation of UDCA response at 12 months may result in long period of ineffective treatment. We aimed to develop a new criterion to reliably identify non-response patients much earlier.

Endogenous Follistatin-like 1 guarantees the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells during liver fibrotic therapy.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy has been shown to be a promising option for liver fibrosis treatment. However, critical factors affecting the efficacy of MSC therapy for liver fibrosis remain unknown. Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1), a TGF-β-induced matricellular protein, is documented as an intrinsic regulator of proliferation and differentiation in MSCs.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes protect against liver fibrosis via delivering miR-148a to target KLF6/STAT3 pathway in macrophages.

Background: Despite emerging evidence on the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for liver fibrosis, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. At present, MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) are widely accepted as crucial messengers for intercellular communication. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of MSC-EXOs on liver fibrosis and identify the mechanisms underlying the action of MSC-EXOs.

Gamma knife radiosurgery for trigeminal schwannomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) has been deemed as the gold standard stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) mode for the treatment of intracranial tumors, cerebrovascular diseases and brain functional diseases. Our study was aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy, safety, and complications of gamma knife radiosurgery for trigeminal schwannomas.

Method: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyze the clinical outcomes of patients with trigeminal schwannomas treated primarily or adjunctly with GKRS.

Effects of saffron supplementation on improving sleep quality: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of different dosage regimens of saffron supplementation on improving sleep quality among healthy adults, patients with insomnia or type 2 diabetes and patients under Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT).

Methods: PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library and other databases were searched from inception until October 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the efficacy saffron supplementation on sleep quality were included.