The Dual Roles of Activating Transcription Factor 3 (ATF3) in Inflammation, Apoptosis, Ferroptosis, and Pathogen Infection Responses.

Transcription factors are pivotal regulators in the cellular life process. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), a member of the ATF/CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) family, plays a crucial role as cells respond to various stresses and damage. As a transcription factor, ATF3 significantly influences signal transduction regulation, orchestrating a variety of signaling pathways, including apoptosis, ferroptosis, and cellular differentiation.

Comparative untargeted and targeted metabonomics reveal discriminations in metabolite profiles between subsp. and subsp. .

Background: Mycoplasmas are among the smallest prokaryotic microbes that can grow and proliferate on non-living media. They have reduced genomes, which may be associated with a concomitant reduction in their metabolic capacity. subsp.

LppA is a novel plasminogen receptor of Mycoplasma bovis that contributes to adhesion by binding the host extracellular matrix and Annexin A2.

Mycoplasma bovis is responsible for various inflammatory diseases in cattle. The prevention and control of M. bovis are complicated by the absence of effective vaccines and the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains, resulting in substantial economic losses worldwide in the cattle industry.

A genome-wide transposon mutagenesis screening identifies LppB as a key factor associated with Mycoplasma bovis colonization and invasion into host cells.

Mycoplasma spp., the smallest self-replicating and genome-reduced organisms, have raised a great concern in both the medical and veterinary fields due to their pathogenicity. The molecular determinants of these wall-less bacterium efficiently use their limited genes to ensure successful infection of the host remain unclear.

ASPN Synergizes with HAPLN1 to Inhibit the Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Extracellular Matrix Mineralization of Osteoblasts.

Objective: Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) are major sources of osteogenic precursor cells in bone remodeling, which directly participate in osteoporosis (OP) progression. However, the involved specific mechanisms of BMSCs in OP warrant mass investigations. Initially, our bioinformatics analysis uncovered the prominent up-regulation of Asporin (ASPN) and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPLN1) in osteoblasts (OBs) of OP patients and their possible protein interaction.

Complete Genome Sequences of Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae Strains 150 and 274, Isolated from Different Regions in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae is an important pathogen in sheep, goats, and wild ruminants. We sequenced strains 150 and 274 from Bosnia and Herzegovina. Strain 150 has a circular genome of 1,053,380 bp with 29.

is a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: GDP Dissociation inhibitor 2 () gene has been correlated with some important biological processes in a variety of cancers, whereas the role of in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is ill-defined. We aimed to demonstrate the relationship between and HCC based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data mining.

Methods: The expression of was compared between cancer and normal tissues of 371 HCC patients collected from TCGA-LIHC, and verified in HCC cell lines.

Interferon-induced protein 16 expression in colorectal cancer and its correlation with proliferation and immune signature markers.

Interferon-induced protein 16 (IFI16) is important for innate immune recognition of foreign/damaged DNA. Abnormal IFI16 expression is closely related to the occurrence of multiple malignant tumours, but its expression pattern in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. The present study aimed to investigated IFI16 expression and association with cell proliferation in CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues.

Immune Evasion of .

causes various chronic inflammatory diseases, including mastitis and bronchopneumonia, in dairy and feed cattle. It has been found to suppress the host immune response during infection, leading to the development of chronic conditions. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have confirmed that can induce proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the host.

Application of the chemokine-chemokine receptor axis increases the tumor-targeted migration ability of cytokine-induced killer cells in patients with colorectal cancer.

Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells are a group of heterogeneous immune cells which can be isolated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and have demonstrated therapeutic benefit both in hematologic malignancies and solid tumors, including colorectal cancer. However, poor tumor-targeted migration has limited the clinical efficacy of CIK cell treatment. The chemokine-chemokine receptor (CK-CKR) axis serves a role in the tumor-directed trafficking capacity of immune cells.

FoxP3 promotes lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma complicated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Background: To investigate the effect of Treg cells on patients with PTC complicated with HT.

Methods: We collected thyroid fresh tissue of human after surgery, paraffin tissue and serum samples (cancer tissue which was diagnosed by pathology). Analysed the expression of nuclear specific marker gene FoxP3 in Treg cells by Envision immunohistochemical staining.

Diesel exhaust particles induce toxicity to beta cells by suppressing miR-140-5p.

The toxicologic effects of diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) on lung cells and function have been heavily studied. However, it remains largely unknown how DEPs affect the function of pancreatic beta cells. In this study, wedemonstrated that DEP extract (DPE) exposure significantly reduces cell viability, insulin secretion, and ATP and GSH production of rat pancreatic beta cells.

Bioinformatic Analysis of Transcriptomic Data Reveals Novel Key Genes Regulating Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose Stem Cells.

Adipose stem cells (ASCs) are an attractive cell source for treating many human diseases including osteoporosis. However, the molecular mechanisms accounting for ASC osteogenesis are poorly known. In this study, ASCs were first isolated from the fat tissues from the patients with osteoporosis.

Identification of a homozygous BBS7 frameshift mutation in two (related) Chinese Miao families with Bardet-Biedl Syndrome.

Background: Bardet-Biedl Syndrome (BBS) is a genetically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder with a wide spectrum of clinical features. To date, mutations in 21 different genes (BBS1-21) have been identified as causing isolated or complex BBS phenotypes. In this report, we present three Chinese Miao ethnic patients who were diagnosed with BBS on the basis of characteristic clinical features and investigated the exsome of these patients.

Genome-Wide Analysis of Provides Insights into Putative Virulence Factors and Phylogenetic Relationships.

is an important pathogen involved in bovine respiratory disease, which causes huge economic losses worldwide. Our knowledge regarding the genomics, pathogenic mechanisms, and genetics of is rather limited. In this study, the complete genome of GS01 strain was sequenced using PacBio SMRT technology and first genome-wide analyzed.

Positive effect of RORγt on the prognosis of thyroid papillary carcinoma patients combined with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Objectives: To investigate the positive effect of Th17 cells on the prognosis of patients with PTC and HT.

Methods: The expression of nuclear specific marker RORγt of Th17 cells in fresh and paraffin thyroid tissues and serum specimens were analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to detect the formation rates of Th17 cells (CD3CD8IL-17A/CD3CD8%) at different time points after co-culture of thyroid papillary carcinoma cell line (TPC-1 and K1) and umbilical cord blood initial T lymphocytes.

Analysis of Oral Microbiota Revealed High Abundance of Prevotella Intermedia in Gout Patients.

Background/aims: Microbes reside in a number of body sites, including the oral cavity, and are associated with the progression of many systemic diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of gout and hyperuricemia (HUA) on the composition of oral microbiomes.

Methods: Analysis of the oral microbiota from 12 gout patients, 11 HUA patients, and 19 healthy control subjects was performed using a deep sequencing approach, and validation of significant changes in Prevotella intermedia and Serratia marcescens in new patient cohorts was performed using quantitative PCR (qPCR).

Discovery and Validation of Salivary Extracellular RNA Biomarkers for Noninvasive Detection of Gastric Cancer.

Background: Biomarkers are needed for noninvasive early detection of gastric cancer (GC). We investigated salivary extracellular RNA (exRNA) biomarkers as potential clinical evaluation tools for GC.

Methods: Unstimulated whole saliva samples were prospectively collected from 294 individuals (163 GC and 131 non-GC patients) who underwent endoscopic evaluation at the Samsung Medical Center in Korea.

Identification of Metabolite Biomarkers for Gout Using Capillary Ion Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry.

Gout is a common form of inflammatory arthritis, and the detailed pathogenic mechanisms for this metabolic disorder remain largely unknown. In this study, we first profiled the salivary metabolites in 8 patients with gout, 15 patients with hyperuricaemia (HUA), and 15 healthy individuals using capillary ion chromatography (CIC) with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Forty-nine salivary metabolites were found to be significantly changed between gout patient and healthy control groups, and 26 salivary metabolites were significantly different between gout and HUA patient groups.

Development of duplex PCR for differential detection of goatpox and sheeppox viruses.

Background: Clinically, sheeppox and goatpox have the same symptoms and cannot be distinguished serologically. A cheaper and easy method for differential diagnosis is important in control of this disease in endemic region.

Methods: A duplex PCR assay was developed for the specific differential detection of Goatpox virus (GTPV) and Sheeppox virus (SPPV), using two sets of primers based on viral E10R gene and RPO132 gene.

Metabolomic analysis of human oral cancer cells with adenylate kinase 2 or phosphorylate glycerol kinase 1 inhibition.

The purpose of this study was to use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) with XCMS for a quantitative metabolomic analysis of UM1 and UM2 oral cancer cells after knockdown of metabolic enzyme adenylate kinase 2 (AK2) or phosphorylate glycerol kinase 1 (PGK1). UM1 and UM2 cells were initially transfected with AK2 siRNA, PGK1 siRNA or scrambled control siRNA, and then analyzed with LC-MS for metabolic profiles. XCMS analysis of the untargeted metabolomics data revealed a total of 3200-4700 metabolite features from the transfected UM1 or UM2 cancer cells and 369-585 significantly changed metabolites due to AK2 or PGK1 suppression.

Analysis of SLC4A11, ZEB1, LOXHD1, COL8A2 and TCF4 gene sequences in a multi-generational family with late-onset Fuchs corneal dystrophy.

The aim of the present study was to determine the genetic basis of a multi-generational family with late-onset (LO) Fuchs corneal dystrophy (FCD). Five FCD causal genes [solute carrier family 4, sodium borate transporter, member 11 (SLC4A11), zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1), lipoxygenase homology domains 1 (LOXHD1), collagen, type VIII, alpha 2 (COL8A2) and transcription factor 4 (TCF4)], previously reported to be implicated in the pathogenesis of FCD, were screened. A total of 27 variants [including 22 known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Database (dbSNP) and 5 variants absent from dbSNP] were detected in this FCD pedigree across the SLC4A11, ZEB1, LOXHD1 and COL8A2 genes as follows: i) 22 known SNPs from dbSNP, including 3 coding (p.

Discovery and validation of potential bacterial biomarkers for lung cancer.

Microbes are residents in a number of body sites, including the oral and nasal cavities, which are connected to the lung via the pharynx. The associations between oral diseases and increased risk of lung cancer have been reported in previous prospective studies. In this study, we measured variations of salivary microbiota and evaluated their potential association with lung cancer, including squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (AC).

Activin A can induce definitive endoderm differentiation from human parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells.

Objectives: As activin/nodal signaling plays a key role in definitive endoderm (DE) differentiation, we have explored activin A-induced differentiation of DE from human parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (hPESCs).

Results: Administration of 5 ng activin A/ml had no effect on the expression of markers of DE differentiation. However, higher concentrations of activin A (50 and 100 ng/ml) upregulated Sox17 and Cxcr4, as well upregulating the mesendodermal precursor marker, Brachyury.