Engagement of general practice preceptors in teaching residents in outpatient settings in China: a national cross-sectional study.

Background: Outpatient training is crucial for the standardized residency training of General Practitioners (GPs) in China. However, there is concern that General Practice (GP) preceptors may lack the willingness and capacities to teach residents in outpatient settings. Understanding how GP preceptors practice routine outpatient training and their views is essential for designing strategies; however, this issue has not been well studied.

Optimization of Fermentation and Biocontrol Efficacy of XHG-1-3m2.

Biological control plays an increasingly important role in various aspects of modern agriculture and forestry. Identifying biocontrol strains with commercial potential for effective disease management is currently a focal point in biological control research. In this study, XHG-1-3m2, a strain with significant biocontrol potential against causing shot hole disease in wild apricots, was developed.

Real-World Treatment Adherence to Smoking Cessation Medications and Association with Treatment Outcome - 27 Centers, China, 2017-2022.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Medication non-adherence significantly impedes smoking cessation efforts. While effective smoking cessation medications are accessible in China, real-world adherence and its correlation with treatment outcomes remain largely unexplored.

What Is Added By This Report?: From December 2017 to January 2022, 1,120 participants were recruited from 27 centers in all seven geographical regions of China.

Real-world tobacco cessation practice in China: findings from the prospective, nationwide multicenter China National Tobacco Cessation Cohort Study (CNTCCS).

Background: Tobacco cessation is proven to be the most effective and cost-effective strategy for smokers to reduce their risk of smoking-related disease and premature death. Providing effective, efficient, safe, and patient-centred tobacco cessation treatment to reach those who need them is a significant challenge. To date, only a few nationwide studies in China have assessed the overall clinical care practice and treatment outcome of tobacco cessation.

Mobile Phone-Based Interventions for Smoking Cessation Among Young People: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Mobile phone-based cessation interventions have emerged as a promising alternative for smoking cessation, while evidence of the efficacy of mobile phone-based smoking cessation programs among young people is mixed.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the efficacy of mobile phone-based interventions compared to usual practice or assessment-only controls on smoking cessation in young people.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science on March 8, 2023.

Analysis of polyhalogenated carbazoles and two related compounds in earthworms using a modified QuEChERS method with GC/MS and GC/MS/MS.

A precise analytical method based on QuEChERS has been proposed for the concurrent determination of 11 polyhalogenated carbazoles (PHCZs), benzocarbazole (BZCZ), and 9H-carbazoles (CZ). The quantification was confirmed by gas chromatography using triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (Shimadzu GC-MS/MS-TQ8040) and gas chromatography coupled mass spectrometry (Agilent 7890A-5973 GC-MS). The developed method was validated by testing the following parameters: linearity, instrument limit of detection (LOD), instrument limit of quantification (LOQ), method limit of detection (MLD), method limit of quantification (MLQ), matrix effect (ME), accuracy, and precision.

Utilization and Effectiveness of a Message-Based Tobacco Cessation Program (mCessation) in the Chinese General Population: Longitudinal, Real-world Study.

Background: Randomized controlled trials on text message interventions for smoking cessation have shown they are effective and recommended for tobacco control. However, the effectiveness in real-world settings is largely unknown, especially in low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: This study aimed to provide real-world evidence about the utilization and effectiveness of a message-based tobacco cessation program (mCessation) in China.

The experience of tobacco withdrawal symptoms among current smokers and ex-smokers in the general population: Findings from nationwide China Health Literacy Survey during 2018-19.

Objective: To clarify the extent to which smokers in the general population experience tobacco withdrawal symptoms and whether such experience differs in those who continue to smoke and those who stopped smoking.

Methods: We included relevant questions in the nationally-representative China Health Literacy Survey (CHLS) conducted in 2018-2019. Among 87,028 participants, there were 22,115 ever-smokers aged 20-69 years who provided information on their smoking history and their experience of tobacco withdrawal symptoms.

Differential Refractive Index Sensor Based on Coupled Plasmon Waveguide Resonance in the C-Band.

We proposed a differential fiber-optic refractive index sensor based on coupled plasmon waveguide resonance (CPWR) in the C-band. The sensor head is a BK7 prism coated with ITO/Au/ITO/TiO film. CPWR is excited on the film by the S-polarized components of an incident light.

Distribution and flux of organochlorine pesticides in sediment from Prydz Bay, Antarctic: Implication of sources and trends.

Surface sediments were collected from Prydz Bay, Antarctica to investigate the distribution patterns, origins, annual fluxes, and trends of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the marginal sea of polar areas. The concentrations of OCPs ranged from 0.80 to 7.

APOE E4 is associated with hyperlipidemia and obesity in elderly schizophrenic patients.

Obesity is a critical issue in patients with schizophrenia, which is considered to be brought about by both environmental and genetic factors. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene polymorphisms might be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, however, the effect of APOE gene polymorphism on obesity has never been investigated in Chinese aging with schizophrenia. This cross-sectional study was to investigate the effect of obesity on cognitive and psychiatric symptoms in elderly participants with schizophrenia.

Adherence and Efficacy of Smoking Cessation Treatment Among Patients with COPD in China.

Background: Smoking cessation is a key intervention for all smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Poor treatment adherence is a challenge in clinical practice that might contribute to the lower efficacy of medication (eg, oral drug). However, it is unclear what factors will influence adherence among smokers with COPD.

Efficacy and Safety of a Novel Catheter for Transradial Cerebral Angiography.

Background: The goal of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel catheter for right radial artery approach cerebral angiography.

Methods: Patients from the Neurology Department of The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medical University who underwent diagnostic cerebral angiography of either the left vertebral artery dominant type or balanced type were enrolled in this study.

Results: A total of 167 patients were treated between February 2016 and December 2017, of whom 44 were excluded based on study exclusion criteria and 123 were enrolled in the present analysis.

The Effect of Vascular Morphology on Selective Left Vertebral Artery Catheterization in Right-sided Radial Artery Cerebral Angiography.

Background: The aim of this study is to determine, via retrospective study, the effects of vascular morphology and related factors on the success of selective arterial catheterization of the left vertebral artery when approached via right-sided radial artery cerebral angiography.

Methods: Patients who had undergone diagnostic cerebral angiography were enrolled, and their medical history, catheter type, and vessel morphology were analyzed.

Results: A total of 205 patients were enrolled in this study from February 2014 to December 2015.

Nursing resources and major immobility complications among bedridden patients: A multicenter descriptive study in China.

Background: Being bedridden, which is a common clinical phenomenon, causes a series of complications related to immobilization. Effective management of immobility complications requires a reasonable allocation of nursing resources. Unit-level evidence about the relationship between nursing resources and immobility complications is lacking.

Nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding major immobility complications among bedridden patients: A prospective multicentre study.

Aims And Objectives: To gain insight into nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding major immobility complications (pressure ulcers, pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis and urinary tract infections) and explore the correlation of nurses' knowledge and attitudes with the incidence of these complications.

Background: Immobility complications have adverse consequences, and effective management requires appropriate knowledge, attitudes and skills. Evidence about nurses' knowledge and attitudes regarding immobility complications is lacking.

Naringenin reduces oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial dysfunction via activation of the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway in neurons.

Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are considered to be major contributing factors in the development and progression of many neurodegenerative diseases. Naringenin (NAR) is an abundant flavanone in the Citrus genus and has been found to exert antioxidant, anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic effects. However, the potential underlying mechanism of its antioxidant effects remains unclear.

The Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway Mediates the Antagonist Effect of L-Arginine On Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats.

Background/aims: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is the most common cause of acute renal injury. I/R-induced oxidative stress is involved in the development of acute renal injury, which can be reversed by supplementation with L-arginine, a precursor of nitric oxide (NO). This study was conducted to evaluate alterations in the expression of transcription factors [nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1)] and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in the kidney of I/R-induced injury rats.

Chelerythrine Attenuates Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Myocardial Injury by Activating CSE/H2S via PKC/NF-κB Pathway in Diabetic Rats.

Background/aims: Chelerythrine (CHE), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid, is a potent, selective, and cell-permeable protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of CHE on myocardial recovery after renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced myocardial injury (RI/RMI) in a streptozocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model.

Methods: Diabetes mellitus (DM) rats preconditioned with CHE and D, L-propargylglycine (PAG) were subjected to renal I/R.

Simvastatin nanoparticles attenuated intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury by downregulating BMP4/COX-2 pathway in rats.

The purpose of the research was to explore the therapeutic action of simvastatin-loaded poly(ethylene glycol)--poly(gamma-benzyl l-glutamate) (PEG--PBLG) on intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury (II/RI) through downregulating bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4)/cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) pathway as compared to free simvastatin (Sim). Sprague Dawley rats were preconditioned with 20 mg/kg Sim or simvastatin/PEG--PBLG (Sim/P) compounds, and then subjected to 45 min of ischemia and 1 h of reperfusion. The blood and small intestines were collected, serum levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor-α, and nitric oxide (NO) were checked, and the dry/wet intestine ratios, superoxide dismutase activity, myeloperoxidase content, reactive oxygen species, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, protein 47 kDa phagocyte oxidase (p47phox), BMP4, COX-2, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) expressions were measured in intestinal tissues.