Cytogenetic identification and molecular mapping for the wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum introgression line with resistance to Fusarium head blight.

Xinong 511, a new wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum variety with excellent fusarium head blight resistance, the QTLs were mapped to the wheat chromosomes 5B and 7A with named QFhb.nwafu-5B and QFhb.nwafu-7A, respectively.

Genome-Wide Comparative Analysis of the Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Family in 19 Aphid Species and Their Expression Analysis in 4 Cereal Crop Aphids.

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases () play a variety of physiological roles, including pesticide resistance, plant allelochemical detoxification, and hormone metabolism catalysis. However, limited information is available on the classification and expression profiles of the gene family in aphid species. This is the first study to identify the cytochrome P450 gene family in 19 aphid species at the whole genome level.

GenoBaits®WheatplusEE: a targeted capture sequencing panel for quick and accurate identification of wheat-Thinopyrum derivatives.

A total of 90,000 capture probes derived from wheat and Thinopyrum elongatum were integrated into one chip, which served as an economical genotype for explorating Thinopyrumspecies and their derivatives. Thinopyrum species play a crucial role as a source of new genetic variations for enhancing wheat traits, including resistance to both abiotic and biotic factors. Accurate identification of exogenous chromosome(s) or chromosome segments or genes is essential following the introduction of alien genetic material into wheat, but this task remains challenging.

Molecular Cytological Analysis and Specific Marker Development in Wheat- Keng 3Ns Additional Line with Elongated Glume.

Keng ( = 2x = 14, NsNs) is an excellent gene resource for wheat breeding, which is characterized by early maturity, low plant height, and disease resistance. The wheat- derivatives were created by the elite genes of and permeate into common wheat through hybridization. Among them, a long-glume material 20JH1155 was identified, with larger grains and longer spike than its parents.

Genome-wide identification and characterization of lipoxygenase genes related to the English grain aphid infestation response in wheat.

44 wheat LOX genes were identified by silico genome-wide search method. TaLOX5, 7, 10, 24, 29, 33 were specifically expressed post aphid infestation, indicating their participation in wheat-aphid interaction. In plants, LOX genes play important roles in various biological progresses including seed germination, tuber development, plant vegetative growth and most crucially in plant signal transduction, stress response and plant defense against plant diseases and insects.

Construction of a Modified Clip Cage and Its Effects on the Life-History Parameters of (Fabricius) and Defense Responses of .

Clip cages are commonly used to confine aphids or other small insects to a single leaf when conducting plant-small insect interaction studies; however, clip cages are usually heavy or do not efficiently transmit light, which has an impact on leaf physiology, limiting their application. Here, simple, lightweight, and transparent modified clip cages were constructed using punched clear plastic cups, cut transparent polyvinyl chloride sheets, nylon organdy mesh, and bent duck-bill clips. These cages can be clipped directly onto dicot leaves or attached to monocot leaves with bamboo skewers and elastic bands.

Identification of Differentially Expressed Genes in Resistant Tetraploid Wheat () under (F.) Infestation.

The grain aphid (Fabricius) is one of the most destructive pests of wheat (). Deployment of resistant wheat germplasm appears as an excellent solution for this problem. Elite bread wheat cultivars only have limited resistance to this pest.

Molecular cytogenetics and development of St-chromosome-specific molecular markers of novel stripe rust resistant wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium and wheat-Thinopyrum ponticum substitution lines.

Background: Owing to their excellent resistance to abiotic and biotic stress, Thinopyrum intermedium (2n = 6x = 42, JJJJStSt) and Th. ponticum (2n = 10x = 70) are both widely utilized in wheat germplasm innovation programs. Disomic substitution lines (DSLs) carrying one pair of alien chromosomes are valuable bridge materials for transmission of novel genes, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) karyotype construction and specific molecular marker development.

Molecular cytogenetics for a wheat-Aegilops geniculata 3M alien addition line with resistance to stripe rust and powdery mildew.

Background: Aegilops geniculata Roth is closely related to common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and is a valuable genetic resource for improvement of wheat.

Results: In this study, the W19513 line was derived from the BCF progeny of a cross between wheat 'Chinese Spring' and Ae.

Chromosome karyotype and stability of new synthetic hexaploid wheat.

Synthetic hexaploid wheat offers breeders ready access to potentially novel genetic variation in wild ancestral species. In this study, we crossed MY3478 (2 = 4 = 28, AABB) as the maternal parent with the stripe rust-resistant SY41 (2 = 2 = 14, DD) as the paternal parent to construct the new hexaploid wheat line NA0928 through natural allopolyploidization. Agronomic traits and the cytology of the S-S generations of NA0928 were analyzed.

Identification and expression analysis of heat-shock proteins in wheat infected with powdery mildew and stripe rust.

Heat-shock proteins (HSPs), which are encoded by conserved gene families in plants, are crucial for development and responses to diverse stresses. However, the wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) HSPs have not been systematically classified, especially those involved in protecting plants from disease.

Gene co-expression network analysis provides a novel insight into the dynamic response of wheat to powdery mildew stress.

Powdery mildew ( f. sp. , ()) is an important worldwide fungal foliar disease of wheat () responsible for severe yield losses.

Characterization and Evaluation of Resistance to Powdery Mildew of Wheat- Roth 7M (7A) Alien Disomic Substitution Line W16998.

Roth has been used as a donor of disease-resistance genes, to enrich the gene pool for wheat () improvement through distant hybridization. In this study, the wheat- alien disomic substitution line W16998 was obtained from the BCF progeny of a cross between the common wheat 'Chinese Spring' (CS) and Roth (serial number: SY159//CS). This line was identified using cytogenetic techniques, analysis of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), functional molecular markers (Expressed sequence tag-sequence-tagged site (EST-STS) and PCR-based landmark unique gene (PLUG), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), sequential fluorescence in situ hybridization-genomic in situ hybridization (sequential FISH-GISH), and assessment of agronomic traits and powdery mildew resistance.

Transcriptome-wide alternative splicing modulation during plant-pathogen interactions in wheat.

Alternative splicing (AS) enhances the diversities of both transcripts and proteins in eukaryotes, which contribute to stress adaptation. To catalog wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) AS genes, we characterized 45 RNA-seq libraries from wheat seedlings infected by powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis f.

Molecular cytogenetic identification of a wheat - Thinopyrum ponticum substitution line with stripe rust resistance.

Thinopyrum ponticum (Th. ponticum) (2n = 10x = 70) is an important breeding material with excellent resistance and stress tolerance. In this study, we characterized the derivative line CH1113-B13-1-1-2-1 (CH1113-B13) through cytological, morphological, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), expressed sequence tag (EST), and PCR-based landmark unique gene (PLUG) marker analysis.

Molecular cytogenetics identification of a wheat - Leymus mollis double disomic addition line with stripe rust resistance.

Leymus mollis (Trin.) Pilg. (2n = 4x = 28, NsNsXmXm) possesses a number of valuable genes against biotic and abiotic stress, which could be transferred into common wheat background for wheat improvement.

Effects of Drought-Stress on Fusarium Crown Rot Development in Barley.

Fusarium crown rot (FCR), caused by various Fusarium species, is a chronic disease of cereals in many semi-arid regions worldwide. To clarify what effects drought-stress may have on FCR development, visual assessment, histological analysis and quantitative PCR were used to analyse the infection process of F. pseudograminearum in barley.

Molecular cytogenetic identification of a wheat-rye 1R addition line with multiple spikelets and resistance to powdery mildew.

Alien addition lines are important for transferring useful genes from alien species into common wheat. Rye is an important and valuable gene resource for improving wheat disease resistance, yield, and environment adaptation. A new wheat-rye addition line, N9436B, was developed from the progeny of the cross of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.

Genome-wide identification and functional prediction of novel and fungi-responsive lincRNAs in Triticum aestivum.

Background: Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici; Pst) and powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.

Molecular mapping and marker development for the Triticum dicoccoides-derived stripe rust resistance gene YrSM139-1B in bread wheat cv. Shaanmai 139.

Key Message: YrSM139-1B maybe a new gene for effective resistance to stripe rust and useful flanking markers for marker-assisted selection were developed.

Abstract: Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp.

Large-scale transcriptome comparison reveals distinct gene activations in wheat responding to stripe rust and powdery mildew.

Background: Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici; Pst) and powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f.

Development and discrimination of 12 double ditelosomics in tetraploid wheat cultivar DR147.

As an important group in Triticum, tetraploid wheat plays a significant role in the research of wheat evolution. Several complete aneuploid sets of common wheat have provided valuable tools for genetic and breeding studies, while similar aneuploids of tetraploid wheat are still not well developed. Here, 12 double ditelosomics developed in Triticum turgidum L.

Long non-coding genes implicated in response to stripe rust pathogen stress in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

The non-protein-coding genes have been reported as a critical control role in the regulation of gene expression in abiotic stress. We previously identified four expressed sequence tags numbered S18 (EL773024), S73 (EL773035), S106 (EL773041) and S108 (EL773042) from a SSH-cDNA library of bread wheat Shaanmai 139 infected with Puccinia striiformis f. sp.