NRH, a potent NAD enhancer, improves glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism in diet-induced obese mice though an active adenosine kinase pathway.

Aims: NAD deficiency underlies obesity-induced metabolic disturbances. This study evaluated dihydronicotinamide riboside (NRH), a potent NAD enhancer, in lean and obese mice and explored whether NRH operates through a unique mechanism involving adenosine kinase (ADK), an enzyme critical for NRH-driven NAD synthesis.

Methods: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analyses were performed following a single 250 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection of NRH in healthy mice.

Comparison between the modified long gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist protocol and the non-downregulation protocol in POSEIDON groups: a propensity score matching retrospective cohort study.

Background: fertilization (IVF) is the main technique to address the infertility issue in the patient-oriented strategy encompassing individualized oocyte number (POSEIDON) population. Adopting appropriate protocols for assisted reproduction technologies (ART) cycles in the POSEIDON group may attain more favorable pregnancy outcomes.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of modified long gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist protocol and non-downregulation protocol in POSEIDON patients undergoing ART, and to identify the factors affecting the pregnancy outcomes in this group.

Ambient ozone and ovarian reserve in Chinese women of reproductive age: Identifying susceptible exposure windows.

Little is known about the association of ambient ozone with ovarian reserve. Based on a retrospective cohort study of 6008 women who attended a fertility center in Hubei, China, during 2018-2021, we estimated ozone exposure levels by calculating averages during the development of follicles (2-month [W1], 4-month [W2], 6-month [W3]) and 1-year before measurement (W4) according to Tracking Air Pollution in China database. We used multivariate logistic regression and linear regression models to investigate association of ozone exposure with anti-müllerian hormone (AMH), the preferred indicator of ovarian reserve.

Brown adipose tissue-derived exosomes delay fertility decline in aging mice.

Introduction: Ovarian aging has steadily grown to be a significant health issue for women as a result of the increase in average life expectancy and the postponement of reproductive age. One of the important pathological foundations of ovarian aging is formed by mitochondrial dysfunction, which causes decreases in follicle quantity and oocyte quality. In recent years, brown adipose tissue (BAT) transplantation has been proven as an effective treatment for aging-related diseases, such as ovarian aging.

Screening target genes for the treatment of PCOS via analysis of single-cell sequencing data.

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition of the female reproductive system and it remains imperative to identify target genes responsible for its pathogenesis and develop therapeutic drugs capable of effectively treating it.

Methods: We performed primary screening, staging, functional analysis as well as screening of target genes and therapeutic drugs based on single cell sequencing data of 34 oocytes from the GEO database.

Results: Oxidative phosphorylation played a pivotal role in the development of oocytes, insulin resistance and ovulation disorders.

Target identification and drug discovery by data-driven hypothesis and experimental validation in ovarian endometriosis.

Objective: To identify targets and discover drugs for ovarian endometriosis (OE) DESIGN: A basic study based on a data-driven hypothesis and experimental validation SETTING: Center for Reproductive Medicine PATIENT(S)/ANIMAL(S): Fourteen patients with OE and 7 healthy donors were recruited, and 15 female C57/BL6 mice were involved.

Intervention(s): Samples of OE lesions and normal endometrium were obtained. The ITPR1-knockdowned ectopic human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) were subjected to ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing, cell-counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, and flow cytometry.

Erastin induces ferroptosis via ferroportin-mediated iron accumulation in endometriosis.

Study Question: Could erastin activate ferroptosis to regress endometriotic lesions?

Summary Answer: Erastin could induce ferroptosis to regress endometriotic lesions in endometriosis.

What Is Known Already: Ectopic endometrial stromal cells (EESCs) are in an iron overloading microenvironment and tend to be more sensitive to oxidative damage. The feature of erastin-induced ferroptosis is iron-dependent accumulation of lethal lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS).

NR4A1 is Involved in Fibrogenesis in Ovarian Endometriosis.

Background/aims: Excess fibrosis may lead to chronic pain, scarring, and infertility as endometriosis develops and progresses. The pathogenesis of endometriosis has been linked to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), the most potent promoter of fibrosis.

Methods: Levels of NR4A1 and P-NR4A1 protein in human endometrial and endometriotic tissue were assessed by western blotting and immunohistochemistry.