Toxic Effect of Methyl-Thiophanate on Based on Physiological and Transcriptomic Analysis.

Background/objectives: The utilization of methyl-thiophanate (MT) in vegetables and fruits is widespread due to its broad efficiency, yet its potential impact on silkworm growth remains uncertain. This study aims to examine the effects of MT on the growth of silkworms. Specifically, we assessed the weights of fifth-instar larvae that were fed mulberry leaves saturated with three concentrations (2.

RpL38 modulates germ cell differentiation by controlling Bam expression in Drosophila testis.

Switching from mitotic spermatogonia to meiotic spermatocytes is critical to producing haploid sperms during male germ cell differentiation. However, the underlying mechanisms of this switch remain largely unexplored. In Drosophila melanogaster, the gene RpL38 encodes the ribosomal protein L38, one component of the 60S subunit of ribosomes.

Adenine nucleotide translocase 2 (Ant2) is required for individualization of spermatogenesis of Drosophila melanogaster.

Successful completion of spermatogenesis is crucial for the perpetuation of the species. In Drosophila, spermatid individualization, a process involving changes in mitochondrial structure and function is critical to produce functional mature sperm. Ant2, encoding a mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocase, is highly expressed in male testes and plays a role in energy metabolism in the mitochondria.

The mitochondrial ribosomal protein mRpL4 regulates Notch signaling.

Mitochondrial ribosomal proteins (MRPs) assemble as specialized ribosome to synthesize mtDNA-encoded proteins, which are essential for mitochondrial bioenergetic and metabolic processes. MRPs are required for fundamental cellular activities during animal development, but their roles beyond mitochondrial protein translation are poorly understood. Here, we report a conserved role of the mitochondrial ribosomal protein L4 (mRpL4) in Notch signaling.

Emergence of breeding tubercles and puberty onset in male zebrafish: evidence for a dependence on body growth.

The presence of breeding tubercles (BTs) on the pectoral fins has been investigated as a typical male secondary sexual characteristic (SSC) that distinguish males from females in adult zebrafish. Nonetheless, the earliest occurrence of these tubercles and its association with puberty onset and body growth remain unclear. In this study, using morphological, histological and statistical analyses, the authors examined the first appearance of BTs and puberty onset in male zebrafish, with particular emphasis on the potential impact of body growth on them.

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of .

Tchang (1930) is an endemic species in China, which is mainly distributed in the Jialing River and its tributaries. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced. Its length is 16,619 bp, containing 22 tRNAs, 2 rRNAs, and 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs).

Rbm46, a novel germ cell-specific factor, modulates meiotic progression and spermatogenesis.

It has been suggested that many novel RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are required for gametogenesis, but the necessity of few of these proteins has been functionally verified. Here, we identified one RBP, Rbm46, and investigated its expression pattern and role in zebrafish reproduction. We found that rbm46 is maternally provided and specifically expressed in the germ cells of gonadal tissues using in situ hybridization, reverse transcription-PCR, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).